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Dave BP, Shah KC, Shah MB, Chorawala MR, Patel VN, Shah PA, Shah GB, Dhameliya TM. Unveiling the modulation of Nogo receptor in neuroregeneration and plasticity: Novel aspects and future horizon in a new frontier. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115461. [PMID: 36828272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis have emerged as the most dreaded diseases due to a lack of precise diagnostic tools and efficient therapies. Despite the fact that the contributing factors of NDs are still unidentified, mounting evidence indicates the possibility that genetic and cellular changes may lead to the significant production of abnormally misfolded proteins. These misfolded proteins lead to damaging effects thereby causing neurodegeneration. The association between Neurite outgrowth factor (Nogo) with neurological diseases and other peripheral diseases is coming into play. Three isoforms of Nogo have been identified Nogo-A, Nogo-B and Nogo-C. Among these, Nogo-A is mainly responsible for neurological diseases as it is localized in the CNS (Central Nervous System), whereas Nogo-B and Nogo-C are responsible for other diseases such as colitis, lung, intestinal injury, etc. Nogo-A, a membrane protein, had first been described as a CNS-specific inhibitor of axonal regeneration. Several recent studies have revealed the role of Nogo-A proteins and their receptors in modulating neurite outgrowth, branching, and precursor migration during nervous system development. It may also modulate or affect the inhibition of growth during the developmental processes of the CNS. Information about the effects of other ligands of Nogo protein on the CNS are yet to be discovered however several pieces of evidence have suggested that it may also influence the neuronal maturation of CNS and targeting Nogo-A could prove to be beneficial in several neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavarth P Dave
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kashvi C Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Maitri B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Vishvas N Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak A Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar 380023, Gujarat, India
| | - Gaurang B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejas M Dhameliya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat, India
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Pathak GP, Shah R, Kennedy BE, Murphy JP, Clements D, Konda P, Giacomantonio M, Xu Z, Schlaepfer IR, Gujar S. RTN4 Knockdown Dysregulates the AKT Pathway, Destabilizes the Cytoskeleton, and Enhances Paclitaxel-Induced Cytotoxicity in Cancers. Mol Ther 2018; 26:2019-2033. [PMID: 30078441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reticulon-4 (RTN4), commonly known as a neurite outgrowth inhibitor (Nogo), is emerging as an important player in human cancers. Clinically, we found lower RTN4 expression in patient-derived tumors was associated with significantly better survival in lung, breast, cervical, and renal cancer patients. To identify the role of RTN4 in cancer biology, we performed mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic analysis on cancer cells following RTN4 knockdown and found its link with pro-survival as well as cytoskeleton-related processes. Subsequent mechanistic investigations revealed that RTN4 regulates lipid homeostasis, AKT signaling, and cytoskeleton modulation. In particular, downregulation of RTN4 reduced sphingomyelin synthesis and impaired plasma membrane localization of AKT, wherein AKT phosphorylation, involved in many cancers, was significantly reduced without any comparable effect on AKT-related upstream kinases, in a sphingolipid-dependent manner. Furthermore, knockdown of RTN4 retarded proliferation of cancer cells in vitro as well as tumor xenografts in mice. Finally, RTN4 knockdown affected tubulin stability and promoted higher cytotoxic effects with chemotherapeutic paclitaxel in cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, RTN4 is involved in carcinogenesis and represents a molecular candidate that may be targeted to achieve desired antitumor effects in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal P Pathak
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Rashmi Shah
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Barry E Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - J Patrick Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Derek Clements
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Prathyusha Konda
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | | | - Zhaolin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Isabel R Schlaepfer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Genitourinary Cancer Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; Centre for Innovative and Collaborative Health Systems Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada.
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