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Satthenapalli R, Lee S, Bellae Papannarao J, Hore TA, Chakraborty A, Jones PP, Lamberts RR, Katare R. Stage-specific regulation of signalling pathways to differentiate pluripotent stem cells to cardiomyocytes with ventricular lineage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:185. [PMID: 35524336 PMCID: PMC9077927 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be an ideal source of differentiation of cardiomyocytes in vitro and during transplantation to induce cardiac regeneration. However, differentiation of PSCs into a heterogeneous population is associated with an increased incidence of arrhythmia following transplantation. We aimed to design a protocol to drive PSCs to a ventricular lineage by regulating Wnt and retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathways. Methods Mouse embryonic stem cells were cultured either in monolayers or three-dimensional hanging drop method to form embryonic bodies (EBs) and exposed to different treatments acting on Wnt and retinoic acid signalling. Samples were collected at different time points to analyse cardiomyocyte-specific markers by RT-PCR, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Results Treatment of monolayer and EBs with Wnt and RA signalling pathways and ascorbic acid, as a cardiac programming enhancer, resulted in the formation of an immature non-contractile cardiac population that expressed many of the putative markers of cardiac differentiation. The population exhibited upregulation of ventricular specific markers while suppressing the expression of pro-atrial and pro-sinoatrial markers. Differentiation of EBs resulted in early foetal like non-contractile ventricular cardiomyocytes with an inherent propensity to contract when stimulated. Conclusion Our results provide the first evidence of in vitro differentiation that mimics the embryonic morphogenesis towards ventricular specific cardiomyocytes through regulation of Wnt and RA signalling pathways. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02845-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakanth Satthenapalli
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Scott Lee
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Jayanthi Bellae Papannarao
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Timothy A Hore
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Akash Chakraborty
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand.,Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Peter P Jones
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Regis R Lamberts
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand.
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