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Zhang YC, Feng ZR, Zhang S, Pei XG, Zeng B, Zheng C, Gao CF, Yu XY. Baseline determination, susceptibility monitoring and risk assessment to triflumezopyrim in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2020; 167:104608. [PMID: 32527438 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triflumezopyrim, a novel mesoionic chemical insecticide, is promoted as a powerful tool for control of susceptible and resistant hopper species in rice throughout Asia. For a newly commercialized insecticide it is important to establish susceptibility baseline, conduct susceptibility monitoring, and assess the risk of resistance via artificial selection to provide foundational information on designing resistance management strategy. The susceptibility baseline of triflumezopyrim was established for three rice planthopper species, Nilarpavata lugens (Stål), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) and Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén). The LD50 of triflumezopyrim was 0.026, 0.032 and 0.094 ng/individual for the adults of the susceptible strains of S. furcifera, L. striatellus and N. lugens, respectively, determined by a topical application method. Using a rice stem (seedling) dipping method, the LC50 was determined as 0.042, 0.024 and 0.150 mg/L for the nymphs (3rd instar) of the three hopper species, respectively. In the meanwhile, the LC50 of Pyraxalt™ (triflumezopyrim 10% SC) was 0.064 mg/L for the N. lugens susceptible strain. Furthermore, the susceptibility of triflumezopyrim and other five neonicotinoid insecticides were monitored for N. lugens field populations collected from major rice production areas in China in 2015-2019. All monitored populations were susceptible to triflumezopyrim (0.5 to 3.9-fold resistance ratio), and showed no cross-resistance to the other five neonicotinoids. These results suggested that triflumezopyrim is a good option to control resistant N. lugens. In addition, a field-collected population of N. lugens was artificially selected with triflumezopyrim for 20 generations and resulted in 3.5-fold increase in LC50 from F0 and 6.0-fold increase from that of the susceptible strain. The realized heritability (h2) of resistance was estimated as 0.0451 by using threshold trait analysis. With this h2 value, the projected triflumezopyrim resistance development (a 10-fold increase in LC50) would be expected after 30.3 or 24.0 generations if 80% or 90% of the population was killed at each generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chao Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ze-Rui Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Guo Pei
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong-Fen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiang-Yang Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide-Invention and Application, Weigang Road-1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Lu JB, Lou YH, Li LC, Zhang XY, Luo XM, Zhang CX. Egf-like gene is essential for cuticle metabolism in the brown planthopper. J Insect Physiol 2019; 116:90-99. [PMID: 31063731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using the mass spectrometry analysis of cuticle casts of brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) and transcriptome analysis of BPH tissues, we identified a gigantic gene (50,922 bp, 16,973 aa) tentatively called Nlegf-like. Multiple transcripts were found. Nlegf-like encodes an integral membrane protein of 16,973 amino acid residues with 260 EGF-like repeats and 16 Ca2+-binding EGF repeats type (cbEGFs) in the extracellular portion. Nlegf-like was highly expressed in the integument and tended to peak at the middle stage or late stage of each nymph instar. Phylogenetic analysis showed this gene is conserved in many other insects. Different double-stranded RNA-mediated RNA interference targeting eight different regions of the Nlegf-like gene resulted in abnormal cuticle formation or molting and lethal phenotypes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the newly formed endocuticle was significantly thinner for RNAi-treated BPHs with phenotype of contracted abdomen, or the old cuticle could not be digested sufficiently for those with phenotype of slender body shape or died with molting difficulty when compared with the control group. We suggest that the Nlegf-like is crucial for metabolism of the cuticle in BPH molting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Han Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling-Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xu-Mei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Chen C, Yang H, Tang B, Yang WJ, Jin DC. Identification and functional analysis of chitinase 7 gene in white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 208-209:19-28. [PMID: 28363844 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase is used to degrade chitin in insect cuticles and the peritrophic matrix. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequence of a Cht gene (SfCht7) was identified and characterized from the white-black planthopper, Sogatella furcifera. The SfCht7 cDNA was 3148bp, contained an open reading frame of 2877bp and encoded 958 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 107.9kDa. Homology analysis indicated that SfCht7 has typical chitinase features include a chitin-binding domain, two catalytic domains and a signal peptide region. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that SfCht7 belonged to the group III chitinases. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that SfCht7 was highly expressed before molting. After injecting SfCht7 double-stranded RNA in the nymph stage, insects exhibited phenotypes of difficulty in molting and wing development. A lethal phenotype was that nymph bodies exuviated from the head but the old cuticle did not detach completely from the body. Another lethal phenotype was that elongated distal wing pads of fifth-instar nymphs with junctions between the thorax and abdomen in the treatment group that were thinner than in the control group, giving a "wasp-waisted" appearance. In another phenotype that was not lethal, nymphs exuviated and old cuticles detached completely from the body, but the wings of adults did not stretch normally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; College of Tobacco Science of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
| | - Bin Tang
- Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Animal Adaptation and Evolution, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Wen-Jia Yang
- Key & Special Laboratory of Guizhou Education Department for Pest Control and Resource Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Wang B, Li W, Yan H. Analysis of digestion of rice planthopper by Pardosa pseudoannulata based on CO-I gene. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:711-717. [PMID: 28386200 PMCID: PMC5372385 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to systematically study the predatory behavior and digestion regularity of spiders, real-time fluorescence quantification PCR technique was used to detect the number of CO-I genes in Pardosa pseudoannulata after it preyed on rice planthoppers in different temperatures within different periods. At 28 °C, 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h after P. pseudoannulata preyed on rich planthopper, DNA was extracted from cephalothorax and abdomen of P. pseudoannulata. Routine PCR and real-time fluorescence PCR techniques were employed for CO-I gene amplification. The results show that: The prey liquid was temporarily stored in the sucking stomach of the spider head within 2 h after prey, and gradually transferred to the midgut of the abdomen with the prolongation of time. After 4 h, CO-I gene residues of rice planthopper in the cephalothorax gradually decreased. The CO-I gene of rice planthopper was basically transferred to the abdomen after 16 h. During 0–1 h, food contained in abdominal midgut and other digestive organs was very small, CO-I gene detection was not obvious. Over time, food entered into the midgut from the sucking stomach for digestion. During 2–4 h, CO-I gene amount increased, at 2–4 h, detected CO-I gene residue reached the peak; but rapidly declined after 8, 16, and 24 h, even it is still detectable. The results at different temperatures reveal that: As the temperature increased from 26 °C to 32 °C, CO-I gene residues of rich planthopper in cephalothorax and abdomen of P. pseudoannulata gradually decreased, which indicated that the digestion rate increased with the increase of temperature with some range. However, when the temperature continued to increase to 34 °C, the digestion rate decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Life Science College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Wenfen Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Hengmei Yan
- Life Science College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519087, China
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