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Li Q, Huang L, Ding Y, Sherchan P, Peng W, Zhang JH. Recombinant Slit2 suppresses neuroinflammation and Cdc42-mediated brain infiltration of peripheral immune cells via Robo1-srGAP1 pathway in a rat model of germinal matrix hemorrhage. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:249. [PMID: 37899442 PMCID: PMC10613398 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) is a devastating neonatal stroke, in which neuroinflammation is a critical pathological contributor. Slit2, a secreted extracellular matrix protein, plays a repulsive role in axon guidance and leukocyte chemotaxis via the roundabout1 (Robo1) receptor. This study aimed to explore effects of recombinant Slit2 on neuroinflammation and the underlying mechanism in a rat model of GMH. METHODS GMH was induced by stereotactically infusing 0.3 U of bacterial collagenase into the germinal matrix of 7-day-old Sprague Dawley rats. Recombinant Slit2 or its vehicle was administered intranasally at 1 h after GMH and daily for 3 consecutive days. A decoy receptor recombinant Robo1 was co-administered with recombinant Slit2 after GMH. Slit2 siRNA, srGAP1 siRNA or the scrambled sequences were administered intracerebroventricularly 24 h before GMH. Neurobehavior, brain water content, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and Cdc42 activity assays were performed. RESULTS The endogenous brain Slit2 and Robo1 expressions were increased after GMH. Robo1 was expressed on neuron, astrocytes and infiltrated peripheral immune cells in the brain. Endogenous Slit2 knockdown by Slit2 siRNA exacerbated brain edema and neurological deficits following GMH. Recombinant Slit2 (rSlit2) reduced neurological deficits, proinflammatory cytokines, intercellular adhesion molecules, peripheral immune cell markers, neuronal apoptosis and Cdc42 activity in the brain tissue after GMH. The anti-neuroinflammation effects were reversed by recombinant Robo1 co-administration or srGAP1 siRNA. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant Slit2 reduced neuroinflammation and neuron apoptosis after GMH. Its anti-neuroinflammation effects by suppressing onCdc42-mediated brain peripheral immune cells infiltration was at least in part via Robo1-srGAP1 pathway. These results imply that recombinant Slit2 may have potentials as a therapeutic option for neonatal brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Access Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
- Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 120 Longshan Access Rd, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11234 Anderson Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Wenjie Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Army Medical Center, Army Medical University, 10 Changjiang Access Rd, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11234 Anderson Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
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