1
|
Dewenter M, Seitz T, Steinbrecher JH, Westenbrink BD, Ling H, Lehnart SE, Wehrens XHT, Backs J, Brown JH, Maier LS, Neef S. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIδC-induced chronic heart failure does not depend on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak. ESC Heart Fail 2024. [PMID: 38616546 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hyperactivity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has emerged as a central cause of pathologic remodelling in heart failure. It has been suggested that CaMKII-induced hyperphosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and consequently increased diastolic Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a crucial mechanism by which increased CaMKII activity leads to contractile dysfunction. We aim to evaluate the relevance of CaMKII-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation for CaMKII-induced heart failure development in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS We crossbred CaMKIIδC overexpressing [transgenic (TG)] mice with RyR2-S2814A knock-in mice that are resistant to CaMKII-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation. Ca2+-spark measurements on isolated ventricular myocytes confirmed the severe diastolic SR Ca2+ leak previously reported in CaMKIIδC TG [4.65 ± 0.73 mF/F0 vs. 1.88 ± 0.30 mF/F0 in wild type (WT)]. Crossing in the S2814A mutation completely prevented SR Ca2+-leak induction in the CaMKIIδC TG, both regarding Ca2+-spark size and frequency, demonstrating that the CaMKIIδC-induced SR Ca2+ leak entirely depends on the CaMKII-specific RyR2-S2814 phosphorylation. Yet, the RyR2-S2814A mutation did not affect the massive contractile dysfunction (ejection fraction = 12.17 ± 2.05% vs. 45.15 ± 3.46% in WT), cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight/tibia length = 24.84 ± 3.00 vs. 9.81 ± 0.50 mg/mm in WT), or severe premature mortality (median survival of 12 weeks) associated with cardiac CaMKIIδC overexpression. In the face of a prevented SR Ca2+ leak, the phosphorylation status of other critical CaMKII downstream targets that can drive heart failure, including transcriptional regulator histone deacetylase 4, as well as markers of pathological gene expression including Xirp2, Il6, and Col1a1, was equally increased in hearts from CaMKIIδC TG on a RyR WT and S2814A background. CONCLUSIONS S2814 phosphoresistance of RyR2 prevents the CaMKII-dependent SR Ca2+ leak induction but does not prevent the cardiomyopathic phenotype caused by enhanced CaMKIIδC activity. Our data indicate that additional mechanisms-independent of SR Ca2+ leak-are critical for the maladaptive effects of chronically increased CaMKIIδC activity with respect to heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dewenter
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 8, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tilmann Seitz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia H Steinbrecher
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Daan Westenbrink
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Haiyun Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johannes Backs
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 8, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Heidelberg/Mannheim and Göttingen, Germany
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg University & EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational AngioCardioScience (HI-TAC)-a branch of the MDC at Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Neef
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ishida R, Kurebayashi N, Iinuma H, Zeng X, Mori S, Kodama M, Murayama T, Masuno H, Takeda F, Kawahata M, Tanatani A, Miura A, Nishio H, Sakurai T, Kagechika H. A potent and selective cis-amide inhibitor of ryanodine receptor 2 as a candidate for cardiac arrhythmia treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115910. [PMID: 37922828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) is a Ca2+ release channel mainly located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane of heart muscle cells and regulates the concentration of Ca2+ in the cytosol. RyR2 overactivation causes potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias, but no specific inhibitor is yet available. Herein we developed the first highly potent and selective RyR2 inhibitor, TMDJ-035, containing 3,5-difluoro substituents on the A ring and a 4-fluoro substituent on the B ring, based on a comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of tetrazole compound 1. The SAR study also showed that the amide conformation is critical for inhibitory potency. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and variable-temperature 1H NMR revealed that TMDJ-035 strongly favors cis-amide configuration, while the inactive analogue TMDJ-011 with a secondary amide takes trans-amide configuration. Examination of the selectivity among RyRs indicated that TMDJ-035 displayed high selectivity for RyR2. TMDJ-035 suppressed abnormal Ca2+ waves and transients in isolated cardiomyocytes from RyR2-mutated mice. It appears to be a promising candidate drug for treating cardiac arrhythmias due to RyR2 overactivation, as well as a tool for studying the mechanism and dynamics of RyR2 channel gating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Ishida
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Iinuma
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Xi Zeng
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Shuichi Mori
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Masami Kodama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takashi Murayama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Masuno
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Fumi Takeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kawahata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Aya Tanatani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Aya Miura
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Hajime Nishio
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiwani S, Noheria A. Novel mutation in N-terminal fragment of ryanodine receptor 2 causing catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J 2023; 23:158-162. [PMID: 37301373 PMCID: PMC10491959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipej.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CPVT is a rare inherited arrhythmogenic disorder characterized by bidirectional, polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias triggered by catecholamines released during exercise, stress, or sudden emotion in individuals with a normal resting electrocardiogram and structurally normal heart. Mutations in the ryanodine receptor 2 gene are the most common known etiology of this disorder. The c.1195A > G(p.Met399Val) variant in Exon 14 of RyR2 is currently classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. We present a case of CPVT caused by this novel disease-causing RyR2 variant and discuss its pathophysiology. The role of SSRIs in treating patients with CPVT unresponsive to mainstream therapies is also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sania Jiwani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Amit Noheria
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo Y, Cao Y, Jardin BD, Zhang X, Zhou P, Guatimosim S, Lin J, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Mazumdar N, Lu F, Ma Q, Lu YW, Zhao M, Wang DZ, Dong E, Pu WT. Ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) dysfunction activates the unfolded protein response and perturbs cardiomyocyte maturation. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:221-235. [PMID: 35576474 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Calcium-handling capacity is a major gauge of cardiomyocyte maturity. Ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) is the pre-dominant calcium channel that releases calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) to activate cardiomyocyte contraction. Although RYR2 was previously implied as a key regulator of cardiomyocyte maturation, the mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study is to solve this problem. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed Cas9/AAV9-mediated somatic mutagenesis to knockout RYR2 specifically in cardiomyocytes in mice. We conducted a genetic mosaic analysis to dissect the cell-autonomous function of RYR2 during cardiomyocyte maturation. We found that RYR2 depletion triggered ultrastructural and transcriptomic defects relevant to cardiomyocyte maturation. These phenotypes were associated with the drastic activation of ER stress pathways. The ER stress alleviator tauroursodeoxycholic acid partially rescued the defects in RYR2-depleted cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of ATF4, a key ER stress transcription factor, recapitulated defects in RYR2-depleted cells. Integrative analysis of RNA-Seq and bioChIP-Seq data revealed that protein biosynthesis-related genes are the major direct downstream targets of ATF4. CONCLUSION RYR2-regulated ER homeostasis is essential for cardiomyocyte maturation. Severe ER stress perturbs cardiomyocyte maturation primarily through ATF4 activation. The major downstream effector genes of ATF4 are related to protein biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Guo
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yangpo Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Blake D Jardin
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pingzhu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte MG - CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Junsen Lin
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yueyang Zhang
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Neil Mazumdar
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fujian Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yao-Wei Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Erdan Dong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing 100191, China
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yano Y, Kobayashi S, Uchida T, Chang Y, Nawata J, Fujii S, Nakamura Y, Suetomi T, Uchinoumi H, Oda T, Yamamoto T, Yano M. Stabilizing cardiac ryanodine receptor with dantrolene treatment prevents left ventricular remodeling in pressure-overloaded heart failure mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 642:175-184. [PMID: 36584481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dantrolene (DAN) directly binds to cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) through Leu601-Cys620 in the N-terminal domain and subsequently inhibits diastolic Ca2+ leakage through RyR2. We previously reported that therapy using RyR2 V3599K mutation, which inhibits diastolic Ca2+ leakage by enhancing calmodulin (CaM) binding ability to RyR2, prevents left ventricular (LV) remodeling in transverse aortic constriction (TAC) heart failure. Here, we examined whether chronic administration of DAN prevents LV remodeling in TAC heart failure via the same mechanism as genetic therapy. A pressure-overloaded hypertrophy mouse model was developed using TAC. Wild-type (WT) mice were divided into three groups: sham-operated mice (Sham group), TAC mice (TAC group), and TAC mice treated with DAN (TAC-DAN group, 20 mg/kg/day, i.p.). They were then followed up for 8 weeks. The survival rate was higher in the TAC-DAN group (83%) than in the TAC group (49%), and serial echocardiography studies and pathological tissue analysis showed that LV remodeling was significantly prevented in the TAC-DAN group compared to the TAC group. An increase in the diastolic Ca2+ spark frequency and a decrease in the binding affinity of CaM to RyR2 were observed at 8 weeks in the TAC group but not in the TAC-DAN group. Stabilization of RyR2 with DAN prevented LV remodeling and improved survival after TAC by enhancing CaM binding to RyR2 and inhibiting RyR2-mediated diastolic Ca2+ leakage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutake Yano
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Department of Therapeutic Science for Heart Failure in the Elderly, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Uchida
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yaowei Chang
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Junya Nawata
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shohei Fujii
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Nakamura
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Takeshi Suetomi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Uchinoumi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oda
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yano
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun B, Yao J, Chen AW, Estillore JP, Wang R, Back TG, Chen SRW. Genetically and pharmacologically limiting RyR2 open time prevents neuronal hyperactivity of hippocampal CA1 neurons in brain slices of 5xFAD mice. Neurosci Lett 2021; 758:136011. [PMID: 34090936 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal hyperactivity is an early, common manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is believed to drive AD progression. Neuronal hyperactivity in the form of baseline activity (or spontaneous Ca2+ transients) has consistently been demonstrated in mouse models of AD using two-photon in vivo Ca2+ imaging of cortical or hippocampal neurons in anesthetized animals. Notably, these AD-related spontaneous Ca2+ transients were hardly detected in acute hippocampal slices, probably due to neuronal damage during brain slicing. To better preserve neuronal activity, we employed the N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) protective brain slicing protocol. We performed confocal in vitro Ca2+ imaging of hippocampal CA1 neurons in optimized hippocampal slices. Consistent with previous in vivo studies, our in vitro studies using optimized brain slices also showed that limiting the open duration of the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) by the RyR2 mutation E4872Q or by the R-carvedilol enantiomer prevented and rescued neuronal hyperactivity of hippocampal CA1 neurons from 5xFAD mice. Thus, genetically and pharmacologically limiting RyR2 open time prevented and rescued AD-related neuronal hyperactivity in vitro in optimized brain slices in the absence of anesthetics' influence. Our data also suggest that the NMDG protective brain slicing preparation offers an alternative means to study neuronal hyperactivity of various cell types in different brain regions, especially in regions that are not readily accessible to two-photon in vivo Ca2+ imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jinjing Yao
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander W Chen
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John Paul Estillore
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ruiwu Wang
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas G Back
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S R Wayne Chen
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yap SM, Smyth S. Ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) mutation: A potentially novel neurocardiac calcium channelopathy manifesting as primary generalised epilepsy. Seizure 2019; 67:11-14. [PMID: 30849713 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) mutation is well-established in the aetiology of an inherited cardiac disorder known as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). The RYR2 receptor is expressed in cardiomyocytes, and also in the hippocampus. The RYR2 mutation has not been reported as a potential cause of adult-onset genetic generalised epilepsy (GGE). METHOD Case report. RESULTS A 32-year-old right-handed female presented with three unprovoked generalised seizures over twelve years. Electroencephalogram showed epileptiform activity which coincided with normal electrocardiogram recording. Her brother survived a cardiac arrest in his 20's and was diagnosed with CPVT and found to be heterozygous for a novel mutation in the RYR2 gene at chromosome 1q43, c.229 G > A p.(Ala77Thr). The patient inherited the same missense variant, predicted to be damaging by numerous in silico analytic tools. This mutation affects the N-terminal domain of the RYR2 receptor which plays a role in channel activation. However, the patient had repeatedly normal cardiac investigations including normal exercise stress tests. CONCLUSION We propose that the RYR2 mutation is a potentially novel neurocardiac calcium channelopathy that may manifest with either CPVT or GGE depending on selective involvement of RYR2 receptors expressed in the heart or in the brain. RYR2 mutant mice have demonstrated spontaneous EEG-positive seizures independent of cardiac arrhythmia. Whole exome sequencing analyses have identified RYR2 as a candidate gene in GGE. This case is a reminder for careful assessment of episodes of transient loss of consciousness in an individual with CPVT, so as to not mistake possible neurogenic seizure for cardiogenic syncope, carrying obvious implications for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siew Mei Yap
- Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland.
| | - Shane Smyth
- Department of Neurology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lacampagne A, Liu X, Reiken S, Bussiere R, Meli AC, Lauritzen I, Teich AF, Zalk R, Saint N, Arancio O, Bauer C, Duprat F, Briggs CA, Chakroborty S, Stutzmann GE, Shelanski ML, Checler F, Chami M, Marks AR. Post-translational remodeling of ryanodine receptor induces calcium leak leading to Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies and cognitive deficits. Acta Neuropathol 2017. [PMID: 28631094 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying ryanodine receptor (RyR) dysfunction associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) are still not well understood. Here, we show that neuronal RyR2 channels undergo post-translational remodeling (PKA phosphorylation, oxidation, and nitrosylation) in brains of AD patients, and in two murine models of AD (3 × Tg-AD, APP +/- /PS1 +/-). RyR2 is depleted of calstabin2 (KFBP12.6) in the channel complex, resulting in endoplasmic reticular (ER) calcium (Ca2+) leak. RyR-mediated ER Ca2+ leak activates Ca2+-dependent signaling pathways, contributing to AD pathogenesis. Pharmacological (using a novel RyR stabilizing drug Rycal) or genetic rescue of the RyR2-mediated intracellular Ca2+ leak improved synaptic plasticity, normalized behavioral and cognitive functions and reduced Aβ load. Genetically altered mice with congenitally leaky RyR2 exhibited premature and severe defects in synaptic plasticity, behavior and cognitive function. These data provide a mechanism underlying leaky RyR2 channels, which could be considered as potential AD therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
9
|
Dai J, Zhang H, Chen Y, Chang Y, Yuan Q, Ji G, Zhai K. Characterization of Ca+ handling proteins and contractile proteins in patients with lone atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2015; 202:749-51. [PMID: 26474465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Dai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxiao Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangju Ji
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Kui Zhai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hsu JC, Cheng CC, Kao YH, Chen YC, Chung CC, Chen YJ. Testosterone regulates cardiac calcium homeostasis with enhanced ryanodine receptor 2 expression through activation of TGF-β. Int J Cardiol 2015; 190:11-4. [PMID: 25912109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Chieh Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chuan Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Chung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Y, Lu X, Rong X, Jiang W, Lai D, Ma Y, Zhou K, Fu G, Xu S. Inhibition of the mevalonate pathway ameliorates anoxia-induced down-regulation of FKBP12.6 and intracellular calcium handling dysfunction in H9c2 cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 80:166-74. [PMID: 25636197 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Statins have beneficial pleiotropic effects beyond lipid lowering on the cardiovascular system. These cardio-protective effects are mediated through inhibition of the intracellular mevalonate pathway, by decreasing isoprenoid intermediate synthesis and the subsequent post-translational modification of small GTPases, such as Ras, Rho, and Rac. Impaired intracellular calcium handling is considered an important pathophysiologic mechanism responsible for cardiac dysfunction. Our study aimed at investigating the influence of mevalonate pathway, including its downstream small GTPases (Ras, RhoA, and Rac1) on anoxia-mediated alterations of calcium handling in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to acute anoxia after pretreatment with different drugs that specifically antagonize five key components in the mevalonate pathway, including 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, Rho-kinase, Rac1 and Ras farnesyltransferase. Thereafter, we evaluated the effects of the mevalonate pathway on anoxia-induced cell death, expression of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor 2) and its regulator FK506-binding protein 12.6, as well as functional calcium release from intracellular calcium stores. Our experiments confirmed the role of prenylated proteins in regulating cardiomyocyte dysfunction, especially via RhoA- and Ras-related signaling pathways. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that inhibition of the mevalonate pathway could ameliorate anoxia-mediated calcium handling dysfunction with the up-regulated expression of FK506-binding protein 12.6 and consequently provided evidence for FK506-binding protein 12.6 as a "stabilizer" of ryanodine receptor 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiqing Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenbing Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongwu Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Di Pino A, Caruso E, Costanzo L, Guccione P. A novel RyR2 mutation in a 2-year-old baby presenting with atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and atrial ectopic tachycardia. Heart Rhythm 2014; 11:1480-3. [PMID: 24793461 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Di Pino
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Centro Cardiologico Pediatrico del Mediterraneo, San Vincenzo Hospital, Taormina (ME), Italy.
| | - Elio Caruso
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Centro Cardiologico Pediatrico del Mediterraneo, San Vincenzo Hospital, Taormina (ME), Italy
| | - Luca Costanzo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Centro Cardiologico Pediatrico del Mediterraneo, San Vincenzo Hospital, Taormina (ME), Italy; Cardiotoracovascular Department, Ferrarotto-Policlinic Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Guccione
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital Centro Cardiologico Pediatrico del Mediterraneo, San Vincenzo Hospital, Taormina (ME), Italy
| |
Collapse
|