1
|
Azhahianambi P, Madhanmohan M, Madan N, Kumaran D, Latha Mala Priyadharshini M, Bharathi R, Senthilkumar TMA, Manoharan S. Successful treatment of severe form of bovine tropical theileriosis in dairy cattle and genotyping of Theileria annulata isolates of Tamil Nadu, India. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 26:100628. [PMID: 34879939 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tropical theileriosis (BTT) is a tick-borne protozoan disease of cattle and responsible for major economic losses to the dairy farmers in India. This report describes diagnosis, genotyping and successful treatment of heavy infection of Theileria annulata in an organized dairy farm at Kattupakkam, Chennai. Four cross bred cows of 2 to 5 years of age showed clinical signs i.e., anorexia, salivation and panting. Clinical examination revealed pyrexia (40.0 °C to 40.1 °C), pale mucus membranes, enlarged prescapular lymph nodes and haemoglobinuria. The peripheral blood smear examination of infected cows revealed presence of piroplasm within the RBCs indicating high parasitemia. Haematology results suggested that decreased levels of Hb, RBC, WBC and PCV in the infected cows when compared with normal reference values. There were increased serum ALT and AST values and reduced serum total protein, albumin, calcium and phosphorous values in the infected cows. Semi-nested PCR using T. annulata specific oligonucleotide primers amplified 199 bp of the partial T. annulata 18S rRNA gene. Presence of four satellite markers TS6, TS8, TS9, and TS12 in the Theileria annulata isolates 1 and 2 indicating that the isolates were the same haplotype and suggested the infection in the farm was due to a single haplotype of T. annulata parasite. Based on the clinical signs, microscopic examination of blood smear and molecular diagnosis, the condition was diagnosed as tropical theileriosis. Infected cows were successfully treated with a single deep intramuscular injection of buparvaquone (Zubion®, INTAS pharmaceuticals LTD, Ahmedabad, India) along with supportive medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palavesam Azhahianambi
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Muthukrishnan Madhanmohan
- Vaccine Research Centre - Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India
| | - N Madan
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India
| | - D Kumaran
- Chennai Pet Clinic, Iyyappanthangal, Chennai 600 056, India
| | - M Latha Mala Priyadharshini
- Vaccine Research Centre - Bacterial Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India
| | - R Bharathi
- Central University Laboratory, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India
| | - T M A Senthilkumar
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Seeralan Manoharan
- Vaccine Research Centre - Bacterial Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India.
| |
Collapse
|