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Borgini A, Veronese C, De Marco C, Boffi R, Tittarelli A, Bertoldi M, Fern Ndez E, Tigova O, Gallus S, Lugo A, Gorini G, Carreras G, L Pez MJ, Continente X, Semple S, Dobson R, Clancy L, Keogan S, Tzortzi A, Vardavas C, Nicol S LP, Starchenko P, Soriano JB, Ruprecht AA. Particulate matter in aerosols produced by two last generation electronic cigarettes: a comparison in a real-world environment. Pulmonology 2024; 30:137-144. [PMID: 33879426 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) is constantly evolving and the latest models can aerosolize using high-power sub-ohm resistance and hence may produce specific particle concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the aerosol characteristics generated by two different types of electronic cigarette in real-world conditions, such as a sitting room or a small office, in number of particles (particles/cm3). We compared the real time and time-integrated measurements of the aerosol generated by the e-cigarette types Just Fog and JUUL. Real time (10s average) number of particles (particles/cm3) in 8 different aerodynamic sizes was measured using an optical particle counter (OPC) model Profiler 212-2. Tests were conducted with and without a Heating, Ventilating Air Conditioning System (HVACS) in operation, in order to evaluate the efficiency of air filtration. During the vaping sessions the OPC recorded quite significant increases in number of particles/cm3. The JUUL e-cig produced significantly lower emissions than Just Fog with and without the HVACS in operation. The study demonstrates the rapid volatility or change from liquid or semi-liquid to gaseous status of the e-cig aerosols, with half-life in the order of a few seconds (min. 4.6, max 23.9), even without the HVACS in operation. The e-cig aerosol generated by the JUUL proved significantly lower than that generated by the Just Fog, but this reduction may not be sufficient to eliminate or consistently reduce the health risk for vulnerable non e-cig users exposed to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Borgini
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - C Veronese
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - C De Marco
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - R Boffi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Tittarelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Bertoldi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - E Fern Ndez
- Tobacco Control Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L...Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L...Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus of Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respirarory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Spain
| | - O Tigova
- Tobacco Control Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L...Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L...Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus of Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respirarory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Spain
| | - S Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Lugo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gorini
- Oncologic network, prevention and research institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - G Carreras
- Oncologic network, prevention and research institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - M J L Pez
- Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Continente
- Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Sant Pau Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Semple
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - R Dobson
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - L Clancy
- Tobacco Free Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), Ireland
| | - S Keogan
- Tobacco Free Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), Ireland
| | - A Tzortzi
- Hellenic Cancer Society ... George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
| | - C Vardavas
- Hellenic Cancer Society ... George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Greece
| | | | - P Starchenko
- European Network on Smoking and Tobacco Prevention (ENSP), Belgium
| | - J B Soriano
- Fundaci..n para la Investigaci..n Biom..dica del Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Spain
| | - A A Ruprecht
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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