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Olías R, Rayner T, Clemente A, Domoney C. Combination of three null mutations affecting seed protein accumulation in pea (Pisum sativum L.) impacts positively on digestibility. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112825. [PMID: 37254400 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The presence of so-called anti-nutritional factors can reduce the bioavailability of nutrients following consumption of seeds which are otherwise an excellent source of proteins, carbohydrates and micronutrients. Among the proteins associated with negative effects on quality in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds are lectin, pea albumin 2 (PA2) and trypsin inhibitors (TI). Here we have investigated the impact of these proteins on protein digestibility and amino acid availability, using naturally occurring and derived mutant lines of pea lacking these proteins. The mutations were stacked to generate a triple mutant which was compared with a wild-type progenitor and a line lacking the major seed trypsin inhibitors alone. In vitro digestions following the INFOGEST protocol revealed significant differences in the degree of hydrolysis, protein profile and apparent amino acid availability among the pea variants. Proteins resistant to digestion were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and amino acid profiles of digested samples determined. The results indicate that pea seeds lacking certain proteins can be used in the development of novel foods which have improved protein digestibility, and without negative impact on seed protein concentration or yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Olías
- Department of Nutrition and Sustainable Animal Production, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Tracey Rayner
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Alfonso Clemente
- Department of Nutrition and Sustainable Animal Production, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), Granada, Spain.
| | - Claire Domoney
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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Khalid U, Waheed MQ, Parveen N, Arif MAR, Arif A. Estimation of genetic diversity using seed storage protein (SSP) profiling in wild and cultivated species of Cicer L. Mol Biol Rep 2023. [PMID: 36894768 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The narrow genetic diversity of chickpea is a serious impediment to modern cultivar creation. Seed storage proteins (SSPs) are stable and have minimal or no degradation when subjected to isolation and SDS-PAGE. METHODS AND RESULTS We have characterized SSPs of 436 chickpea genotypes, belonging to nine annual Cicer species, originated from 47 countries by SDS-PAGE and determined the extent of genetic diversity in chickpea through clustering. Based on scoring, a total of 44 bands (10 to 170 kDa) were identified, which were all polymorphic. The least appeared protein bands were 11, 160 and 170 kDa where band of 11 and 160 kDa was present exclusively in wild type. Five bands were present in < 10% of genotypes. Bands appeared in 200-300 genotypes were suggested less polymorphic, on contrary bands present in 10-150 genotypes were suggested more polymorphic. Polymorphism of protein bands in context to their potential functions reported in literature were explored and suggested that the glubulins were most and glutelins were least abundant, whereas albumins with their known role in stress tolerance can be used as marker in chickpea breeding. Cluster analysis produced 14 clusters, interestingly three clusters contained only Pakistani genotypes and thus Pakistani genotypes appeared as a separate entity from the rest of the genotypes. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that SDS-PAGE of SSPs is a powerful technique in determining the genetic diversity plus it is easily adaptable, due to its cost effectiveness in comparison to other genomics tools.
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Sharma M, Chaudhary M, Raina SN, Sahoo D, Bhavesh NS, Thakur RK, Rajpal VR, Raturi D, Singh A. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of seed protein profiles in assessing genetic variation and population structure among indigenous Manipur black rice cultivars. Mol Biol Rep 2023. [PMID: 36729207 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The state of Manipur, North East India has distinct topology of hill and valley regions with vast agroclimatic variability, being considered as one of the centers of rice diversity. The indigenous Manipur black rice cultivars exhibit wide range of diversity in morphology, pericarp color, shape and size of grain, aroma, glutinous or non-glutinous features but remain less characterised. Many of these cultivars, such as those named Chakhao, are endowed with multiple health benefits due to high anthocyanins, and hold special importance for the local people. It is important to analyse the genetic diversity and population structure for this germplasm with unique allelic combinations to utilize in rice breeding programme. METHODS AND RESULTS We characterized total soluble seed protein fractions to not only fingerprint the 45 indigenous black rice cultivars but assess their genetic relatedness. Cluster analyses generated mainly two groups, complemented by PCoA scatter plot ascertaining geographical distinction. The hill black rice were more diverse. The population structure analysis revealed seven subpopulations indicating high genetic variability. The 24 polymorphic bands were scored in the range of 127.8 to 10.3 kDa comprised of four protein fractions. Three polypeptide bands each were ascribed to known fractions of glutelins and prolamins, while one band each could be described for albumin and globulin fractions, besides other diagnostic bands. CONCLUSION Some diverse cultivars were Amubi, Chedo Anal, Chipi Buh, Athebu, Poireton, BuPu Mui, Kotha Chahao II. These cultivars can be used in future black rice breeding programmes. This can further prevent genetic erosion and protect intellectual property rights.
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Silva AL, Bezerra LP, Freitas CDT, Silva AFB, Mesquita FP, Neto NAS, Oliveira JPB, Aguiar TKB, Nagano CS, Carneiro RF, Oliveira JTA, Albuquerque CC, Souza PFN. Luffa operculata seed proteins: Identification by LC-ESI-MS/MS and biotechnological potential against Candida albicans and C. krusei. Anal Biochem 2022; 655:114851. [PMID: 35977597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
L: operculata is a plant commonly found in the North and Northeast of Brazil. Although the regional population knows its medicinal potential, there are few scientific studies about its antimicrobial potential. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the proteins from L. operculata seeds extracted using different solutions and evaluate their antimicrobial potentials. The protein extracts obtained with NaCl and sodium acetate buffer presented the best inhibitory activities against Candida albicans and C. krusei. The study of the mechanism of action revealed proteins from L. operculata seeds induced pore formation on the membrane and ROS overaccumulation. Scanning Electron Microscopy images also showed severe morphological changes in Candida albicans and C. krusei. Proteins from L.operculata seeds did not show antibacterial activity. The enzymatic assays revealed the presence of proteolytic enzymes, serine and cysteine protease inhibitors, and chitinases in both protein extracts. Proteomic analysis by LC-ESI-MS/MS identified 57 proteins related to many biological processes, such as defense to (a)biotic stress, energetic metabolism, protein folding, and nucleotide metabolism. In conclusion, the L. operculata seed proteins have biotechnological potential against the human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and C. krusei.
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Affiliation(s)
- André L Silva
- Plant Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, State University of Rio Grande of North, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Bezerra
- Plant Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, State University of Rio Grande of North, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cleverson D T Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ayrles F B Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Felipe P Mesquita
- Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Nilton A S Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João P B Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Tawanny K B Aguiar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Celso S Nagano
- Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Rômulo F Carneiro
- Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jose T A Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cynthia C Albuquerque
- Plant Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, State University of Rio Grande of North, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Pedro F N Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Department of Fishing Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Ribeiro IC, Leclercq CC, Simões N, Toureiro A, Duarte I, Freire JB, Chaves MM, Renaut J, Pinheiro C. Identification of chickpea seed proteins resistant to simulated in vitro human digestion. J Proteomics 2017; 169:143-152. [PMID: 28634118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and peptides able to resist gastrointestinal digestion and reach the intestinal mucosa have the potential to influence human health. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seed proteins are able to resist cooking (86.9% total protein) and/or in vitro simulated human digestion (15.9% total protein resists soaking, cooking and digestion with pepsin and pancreatin). To identify and characterize proteins resisting digestion we made use of different MS methodologies. The efficiency of several proteases (trypsin, AspN, chymotrypsin and LysC) was tested, and two technologies were employed (MALDI-MS/MS and LC-nESI-MS/MS). Digestion with trypsin and AspN were most successful for the identification of seed proteins. When analyzed by MALDI- MS/MS, trypsin allowed the identification of at least one protein in 60% of the polypeptide bands, while AspN allows the identification in 48%. The use of LC-nESI-MS/MS, allowed the identification of much more proteins/polypeptides from digested seeds (232 vs 17 using trypsin). The majority of the proteins found to be able to resist simulated digestion were members of the 7S vicilin and 11S legumin seed storage protein classes, which are reported to contain bio-active functions. In addition, we have found proteins that had not yet been described as potentially able to cause an impact on human health. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first proteomic study to analyze the effect of processing and simulated human gastrointestinal digestion on the proteome of chickpea seed. Chickpea is reported to have anti-nutritional effects as well as nutraceutical properties, so the identification and characterization of the proteins able to resist digestion is crucial to understand the targets underlying such properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Ribeiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C C Leclercq
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Forneaux, L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - N Simões
- INIAV, Elvas, Apartado 6, 7350-951 Elvas, Portugal
| | - A Toureiro
- INIAV, Elvas, Apartado 6, 7350-951 Elvas, Portugal
| | - I Duarte
- INIAV, Elvas, Apartado 6, 7350-951 Elvas, Portugal
| | - J B Freire
- LEAF, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M M Chaves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - J Renaut
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Forneaux, L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - C Pinheiro
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; DCV - Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Scarafoni A, Consonni A, Pessina S, Balzaretti S, Capraro J, Galanti E, Duranti M. Structural basis of the lack of endo-glucanase inhibitory activity of Lupinus albus γ-conglutin. Plant Physiol Biochem 2016; 99:79-85. [PMID: 26741537 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lupin γ-conglutin and soybean BG7S are two legume seed proteins strongly similar to plant endo-β-glucanases inhibitors acting against fungal GH11 and GH12 glycoside hydrolase. However these proteins lack inhibitory activity. Here we describe the conversion of lupin γ-conglutin to an active inhibitor of endo-β-glucanases belonging to GH11 family. A set of γ-conglutin mutants was designed and expressed in Pichia pastoris, along with the wild-type protein. Unexpectedly, this latter was able to inhibit a GH11 enzyme, but not GH12, whereas the mutants were able to modulate the inhibition capacity. In lupin, γ-conglutin is naturally cleaved in two subunits, whereas in P. pastoris it is not. The lack of proteolytic cleavage is one of the reasons at the basis of the inhibitory activity of recombinant γ-conglutin. The results provide new insights about structural features at the basis of the lack of inhibitory activity of wild-type γ-conglutin and its legume homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Scarafoni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Consonni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Pessina
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Balzaretti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Jessica Capraro
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Galanti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marcello Duranti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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