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Gudiol F, Aguado JM, Almirante B, Bouza E, Cercenado E, Domínguez MÁ, Gasch O, Lora-Tamayo J, Miró JM, Palomar M, Pascual A, Pericas JM, Pujol M, Rodríguez-Baño J, Shaw E, Soriano A, Vallés J. Diagnosis and treatment of bacteremia and endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. A clinical guideline from the Spanish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (SEIMC). Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2015; 33:625.e1-625.e23. [PMID: 25937457 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Both bacteremia and infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus are common and severe diseases. The prognosis may darken not infrequently, especially in the presence of intracardiac devices or methicillin-resistance. Indeed, the optimization of the antimicrobial therapy is a key step in the outcome of these infections. The high rates of treatment failure and the increasing interest in the influence of vancomycin susceptibility in the outcome of infections caused by both methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates has led to the research of novel therapeutic schemes. Specifically, the interest raised in recent years on the new antimicrobials with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci has been also extended to infections caused by susceptible strains, which still carry the most important burden of infection. Recent clinical and experimental research has focused in the activity of new combinations of antimicrobials, their indication and role still being debatable. Also, the impact of an appropriate empirical antimicrobial treatment has acquired relevance in recent years. Finally, it is noteworthy the impact of the implementation of a systematic bundle of measures for improving the outcome. The aim of this clinical guideline is to provide an ensemble of recommendations in order to improve the treatment and prognosis of bacteremia and infective endocarditis caused by S. aureus, in accordance to the latest evidence published.
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Gudiol F, Aguado JM, Almirante B, Bouza E, Cercenado E, Domínguez MÁ, Gasch O, Lora-Tamayo J, Miró JM, Palomar M, Pascual A, Pericas JM, Pujol M, Rodríguez-Baño J, Shaw E, Soriano A, Vallés J. Executive summary of the diagnosis and treatment of bacteremia and endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. A clinical guideline from the Spanish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (SEIMC). Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2015; 33:626-32. [PMID: 25937456 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacteremia and infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus are common and severe diseases. Optimization of treatment is fundamental in the prognosis of these infections. The high rates of treatment failure and the increasing interest in the influence of vancomycin susceptibility in the outcome of infections caused by both methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates have led to research on novel therapeutic schemes. The interest in the new antimicrobials with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococci has been extended to susceptible strains, which still carry the most important burden of infection. New combinations of antimicrobials have been investigated in experimental and clinical studies, but their role is still being debated. Also, the appropriateness of the initial empirical therapy has acquired relevance in recent years. The aim of this guideline is to update the 2009 guidelines and to provide an ensemble of recommendations in order to improve the treatment of staphylococcal bacteremia and infective endocarditis, in accordance with the latest published evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Gudiol
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Aguado
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Investigación i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Benito Almirante
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Valle de Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Bouza
- Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Cercenado
- Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Domínguez
- Servicio de Microbiología, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de patología y terapéutica experimental, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Gasch
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Jaime Lora-Tamayo
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Investigación i + 12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Miró
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic - IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Palomar
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alvaro Pascual
- Unidad Clínica Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan M Pericas
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic - IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Pujol
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Baño
- Unidad Clínica Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Evelyn Shaw
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Soriano
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic - IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vallés
- Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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