Sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with sleep duration in the euthyroid population with depression degree lower than moderate

We collected thyroid-related hormone index levels, sleep duration, and other basic characteristics of the population with depression from the NHANES 2009-2012 cycles and evaluated the association of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Index (TSHI) with sleep duration in the euthyroid population with depression via different analysis methods. We found that the association between TSHI and sleep duration was only found in patients with depression degree < Moderate (score: 1-14) rather than > Moderate group. Among the populations with degree < Moderate (N = 1918), only 4 indexes (parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile Index, PTFQI, Thyrotroph Thyroxine Resistance Index, TT4RI, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone TSH, and TSHI) reflecting the sensitivity to thyroid hormones were related to the sleep duration, with a significant non-linear relationship after adjusting for potential confounders (all P < 0.05). Trend analysis indicated that with the level increase of these 4 indexes, the sleep duration increased (all P for trend < 0.001). Further, we found that TSHI was relatively more important among the 4 indexes. Sum up, sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with sleep duration in the euthyroid population with depression degree lower than Moderate. Poor sensitivity referred to a longer sleep duration.

Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with albuminuria in the euthyroid population: results from NHANES

PURPOSE

The relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and albuminuria remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and the risk of albuminuria in a euthyroid population.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 7634 euthyroid adults collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2012. Central sensitivity to thyroid hormones was evaluated using the thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), the thyrotrophic thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), and the thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI). Peripheral sensitivity to thyroid hormones was measured using the free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine (FT3/FT4) ratio. Furthermore, the independent relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and albuminuria was assessed.

RESULTS

The proportion of albuminuria increased with a higher interquartile range of TFQI levels (7.31% vs. 7.89% vs. 7.95% vs. 9.89%, P = 0.024). Furthermore, TFQI was found to be independently associated with the risk of albuminuria after adjusting for confounding factors (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.60, P = 0.037). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant relationship between TFQI and albuminuria, especially among individuals over 60.

CONCLUSIONS

In euthyroid subjects, impaired central sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with albuminuria. TFQI holds significant potential as an epidemiological tool for quantifying the impact of impaired central sensitivity on the risk of albuminuria.

Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity modifies the association between first-trimester thyroid hormone sensitivity and gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a retrospective study from Northern China

BACKGROUND

Contradictory relationships have been observed between thyroid function and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Previous studies have indicated that pre-pregnancy BMI (pBMI) could modify their relationships. Few studies have illustrated the role of thyroid hormone sensitivity on GDM. We aimed to explore the effect of pre-pregnancy obesity on the association between early pregnancy thyroid hormone sensitivity and GDM in euthyroid pregnant women.

METHODS

This study included 1310 women with singleton gestation. Subjects were classified into pre-pregnancy obese and non-obese subgroups by pBMI levels with a cutoff of 25 kg/m2. Sensitivity to thyroid hormone was evaluated by Thyroid Feedback Quartile-Based Index (TFQI), Chinese-referenced parametric TFQI (PTFQI), TSH Index (TSHI) and Thyrotrophic T4 Resistance Index (TT4RI). The associations between these composite indices and GDM were analyzed using multivariate regression models in the two subgroups, respectively.

RESULTS

In pre-pregnancy non-obese group, early pregnancy TFQI, PTFQI, TSHI and TT4RI levels were higher in subjects with incident GDM compared to those without GDM (all P < 0.05). By contrast, obese women with GDM exhibited lower levels of those indices (all P < 0.05). The occurrence of GDM were increased with rising TFQI, PTFQI, TSHI and TT4RI quartiles in non-obese women ( all P for trend < 0.05), while exhibited decreased trend across quartiles of those indices in obese women (all P for trend < 0.05). Further logistic analysis indicated contrary relationships between thyroid hormone sensitivity and the occurrence of GDM in the two groups, respectively. The OR of the fourth versus the first quartile of TFQI for GDM was 1.981 (95% CI 1.224, 3.207) in pre-pregnancy non-obese group, while was 0.131 (95% CI 0.036, 0.472) in pre-pregnancy obese group. PTFQI and TSHI yielded similar results.

CONCLUSIONS

The association between maternal sensitivity to thyroid hormones during early gestation and the occurrence of GDM was modified by pre-pregnancy obesity.

Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone correlates to osteoporosis and fractures in euthyroid individuals

BACKGROUND

There is growing evidence that thyroid function affects bone metabolism and even fractures risk. However, little is known about the relationship between thyroid sensitivity and osteoporosis and fractures. Therefore, we explored the relationship between thyroid sensitivity-related indices and bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures in euthyroid US adults.

METHODS

In this cross-sectional study, 20,686 subjects from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were extracted and analyzed during 2007 to 2010. A total of 3403 men and postmenopausal women aged 50 years or older with available data on diagnosis of osteoporosis and/or fragility fractures, bone mineral density (BMD) and thyroid function, were eligible. TSH index (TSHI), thyrotrophin T4/T3 resistance index (TT4RI/TT3RI), Thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), Parametric TFQI (PTFQI), free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine ratio (FT3/FT4), the secretory capacity of the thyroid gland (SPINA-GT) and the sum activity of peripheral deiodinases (SPINA-GD) were calculated.

RESULTS

FT3/FT4, SPINA-GD, FT4, TSHI, TT4RI, TFQI and PTFQIFT4 were significantly correlated with BMD (P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that FT3/FT4 and SPINA-GD was significantly positively associated with BMD, while FT4, TSHI, TT4RI, TFQI and PTFQIFT4 were negatively associated with BMD (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) for osteoporosis of TSHI, TFQI and PTFQIFT4 were 1.314(1.076, 1.605), 1.743(1.327, 2.288) and 1.827(1.359, 2.455) respectively, and were 0.746(0.620, 0.898) for FT3/FT4 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

In elderly euthyroid individuals, impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones correlates to osteoporosis and fractures, independent of other conventional risk factors.

Association between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and risk of arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease: a RCSCD-TCM study in China

BACKGROUND

Thyroid dysfunction is closely related to arrhythmia. However, the relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormone and risk of arrhythmia remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between the thyroid system complex index and risk of arrhythmia in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODS

This large, multicenter study included 28,413 patients with CHD. Central sensitivity to thyroid hormone was assessed by calculating the thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormone and risk of arrhythmia. This study also assessed the relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormone and risk of arrhythmia in different sexes, ages, and glucose regulation and blood lipid states.

RESULTS

Of the 28,413 participants, 8935 (31.4%) patients with CHD had arrhythmia. There was a remarkable association between TFQI and risk of arrhythmia (odds ratio [OR]: 0.783; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.735-0.836). Furthermore, the association between the TFQI and risk of arrhythmia in women (OR: 0.731; 95% CI: 0.667-0.802) was stronger than that in men (OR: 0.894; 95% CI: 0.816-0.910), as well as higher in elder (OR: 0.779; 95% CI: 0.721-0.843) than middle-aged (OR: 0.789; 95% CI: 0.703-0.886) patients. Furthermore, the association was strong in the state of diabetes (OR: 0.635; 95% 0.569-0.709) and dyslipidemia (OR: 0.706; 95% CI: 0.644-0.774).

CONCLUSION

There is a remarkable association between sensitivity to thyroid hormone and risk of arrhythmia in patients with CHD, which is more pronounced among women and the elderly. The association is also stronger in CHD patients with dyslipidemia or diabetes.