THE TOOTH SHADE MATCHING ABILITY AMONG DENTAL PROFESSIONALS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Background

Shade matching presents a complex and multidimensional process that involves the cognitive ability of the operator. Hence, dental professionals need to have high shade matching skill.

Objective

To compare the shade matching ability among three categories of dental professionals and assess the inter-examiner reliability of the visual shade selection.

Methods

This was a cross sectional study involving conventional visual tooth shade selection by three categories of dental professionals. Twenty four patients that met the selection criteria were included in the study and Ethical approval duly obtained. Visual shade selection using vital classical shade guide was done by calibrated 3 categories of the dental professionals. Data collected was analysed using IBM SPSS with statistical significance placed at p ≤0.05.

Results

There were 9 (37.5%) male and 15 (62.5%) female participants with mean age ±SD of 39.9 ± 18.47 years. In the shade selection, the dental surgery technician and the house officer agreed in 2 (7.7%) teeth, dental surgery technician and consultant in 6 (23.1%) teeth while the house officer and consultant did so for 8 (30.8%) teeth. The three examiners agreed on shades selected for only 1 (3.8%) tooth. Inter-examiner reliability was 0.11. Shades selected by the consultant matched that of the spectrophotometer in 3 of the 26 teeth (11.5%) being the best.

Conclusion

Inter-examiner reliability was very low in the conventional visual shade selection. Experience and training in colour science and shade selection may play a role in correct tooth shade selection.

Evaluation of accuracy and characteristics of tooth-color matching by intraoral scanners based on Munsell color system: an in vivo study

To compare the accuracy of visual and instrumental methods for tooth-color matching based on three attributes in the Munsell color system and to investigate the characteristics of intraoral scanners for tooth-color matching. Shades of the cervical, middle, and incisal third region of 130 maxillary anterior teeth were matched visually by an experienced prosthodontist (EP) using Vita classical A1-D4 (VC) and Vita System 3D-Master (V3D) shade guides, and digitally by a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V, VE) and two intraoral scanners (3Shape TRIOS 3, T3; TRIOS 4, T4). VE was used as a reference. The reproducibility of the three test groups was examined by repeating the measurements in triplicate. The overall trueness of the three test groups (from high to low) was T3 > EP > T4 for VC values (p < 0.01), and T3, EP > T4 (p < 0.01) for V3D. The trueness of T3 in incisal regions was lower than cervical and middle regions. When hue or lightness was correct, the mismatched chroma in test groups was smaller than VE (p < 0.01). The repeatability of EP was the poorest (p < 0.01). The color-matching trueness of T3 was higher than EP and T4. The reproducibility of intraoral scanners was better than visual methodology.

Effects of preoperative air-powder polishing and rubber-cup prophylaxis on tooth bleaching: randomized controlled split-mouth clinical study

OBJECTIVE

This clinical study aimed to compare the effects of preoperative air-powder polishing and rubber-cup prophylaxis on tooth bleaching.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Twenty-three patients with tooth discoloration were enrolled in this randomized controlled split-mouth experimental study. Before bleaching, air-powder polishing (APP) and rubber-cup polishing (RCP) techniques were applied on either side of the mouth. A 40% hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent was applied twice for 15 min for the in-office bleaching treatment. The tooth bleaching effects were assessed immediately and 1 week after bleaching.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences between the prophylaxis groups with respect to all color parameters (ΔL, Δa, Δb, ΔSGU, and ΔE00) immediately after bleaching (p > 0.05). At 1-week assessment period, there were no significant differences between the prophylaxis groups with respect to all color parameters (p > 0.05), except ΔE00 (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Immediately after the bleaching treatment, the two prophylactic techniques produced similar efficacy. One week after the bleaching treatment, the APP technique produced higher levels of color changes.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

APP prophylaxis before bleaching treatment may reduce the application time and the number of sessions to achieve the desired color.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT04407910.

MOST FREQUENTLY SELECTED SHADE FOR ADVANCE RESTORATION DELIVERED IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL FACILITY IN SOUTH WESTERN NIGERIA

BACKGROUND

Bulk purchase of Porcelain materials with some in less use and expiring before being exhausted has resulted in colossal economic loss in the past and present in our environment. Having knowledge of prevalent shade in this environment will minimize this loss.

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed at auditing the shade selection and identifying the most frequently selected shade for advanced restoration in the Conservative Dentistry Clinic as well as assessing the influence of gender and age on choice of shade selected.

METHODS

This is a retrospective study of shade selection for advanced restorations fabricated over a period of seven years in the University College Hospital Dental Clinic spanning January 2009 to December 2016. Data collected which was analyzed using the SPSS Version 22, includes: Socio demographic data, oral hygiene status and social habits, designation of the doctors that took the shade, types of advanced restorations, tooth/teeth restored, shades selected and types of shade guides used if indicated.

RESULTS

The outcome of the study showed that 'A' group shades were more chosen for advance restorations (50.6%). However, Vita shade A3 was the most selected of all the shades, while shade C4 was the least selected. Lighter shades of 'A' were more frequently selected in female patients (57%) while shade 'D' were chosen in the greater percentage of male patients (60%). Younger age groups less than 45years old tend to have lighter shade selected for their restorations. (Fig. 2).

CONCLUSION

Vita shade A3 (3M3) was the most frequently selected shade for aesthetic advanced restoration. Lighter shades are generally selected more in the female patients and younger age group.

Prevalence of Tooth Shade and its Correlation with Skin Colour - A Cross-sectional Study

INTRODUCTION

Aesthetics has become an important issue in modern society. Tooth shade is one of the factors in determining aesthetics. Studies have revealed that tooth shade is influenced by age, gender, eye colour, skin colour and other factors.

AIM

The present study was aimed to assess the prevalence of tooth shade and its correlation with skin colour.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 300 subjects aged 18-20 years were evaluated for tooth shade using Vitapan - 3D shade guide. Anterior teeth were checked under natural light and facial skin colour by Lakme liquid foundation make up as a shade guide. Data was analysed using chi square test and spearman's correlation.

RESULTS

Out of 300 students, 114 (38.00%) had A2 tooth shade; the least prevalent tooth shade among Chitradurga population was C1 (4.00%). There was a positive correlation between tooth shade and skin colour which was found to be statistically significant (p <0.05).

CONCLUSION

The most prevalent tooth shade among Chitradurga population was A2 and least was C1. There was a significant correlation between tooth shade and skin colour with lighter skin tone subjects having lighter tooth shade hence skin colour can be used as a guide for shade selection.

Consistency in color parameters of a commonly used shade guide

OBJECTIVE

The use of shade guides to assess the color of natural teeth subjectively remains one of the most common means for dental shade assessment. Any variation in the color parameters of the different shade guides may lead to significant clinical implications. Particularly, since the communication between the clinic and the dental laboratory is based on using the shade guide designation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the consistency of the L∗a∗b∗ color parameters of a sample of a commonly used shade guide.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The color parameters of a total of 100 VITAPAN Classical Vacuum shade guide (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany(were measured using a X-Rite ColorEye 7000A Spectrophotometer (Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA). Each shade guide consists of 16 tabs with different designations. Each shade tab was measured five times and the average values were calculated.

RESULTS

The ΔE between the average L∗a∗b∗ value for each shade tab and the average of the 100 shade tabs of the same designation was calculated. Using the Student t-test analysis, no significant differences were found among the measured sample.

CONCLUSION

There is a high consistency level in terms of color parameters of the measured VITAPAN Classical Vacuum shade guide sample tested.