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Rivera-Tarazona LK, Sivaperuman Kalairaj M, Corazao T, Javed M, Zimmern PE, Subashchandrabose S, Ware TH. Controlling shape morphing and cell release in engineered living materials. Biomater Adv 2022; 143:213182. [PMID: 36375222 PMCID: PMC11005089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Engineered living materials (ELMs) derive functionality from both a polymer matrix and the behavior of living cells within the material. The long-term goal of this work is to enable a system of ELM-based medical devices with both mechanical and bioactive functionality. Here, we fabricate multifunctional, stimuli-responsive ELMs comprised of acrylic hydrogel matrix and Escherichia coli. These ELMs undergo controlled changes in form and have a controlled release of bacteria from the composite. We hypothesize that the mechanical forces associated with cell proliferation within a covalently-crosslinked, non-degradable hydrogel are responsible for both phenomena. At constant cell loading, increased hydrogel elastic modulus significantly reduces both cell delivery and volume change associated with cell proliferation. ELMs that change volume over 100 % also result in ~106 colony forming units/mL in the growth medium over 2 h after 1 day of growth. At constant monomer feed ratios, increased cell loading leads to significantly increased cell delivery. Finally, these prokaryotic ELMs were investigated for their potential to deliver a probiotic that can reduce the proliferation of a uropathogen in vitro. Controlling the long-term delivery of bacteria could potentially be used in biomedical applications to modulate microbial communities within the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tyler Corazao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mahjabeen Javed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Philippe E Zimmern
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Taylor H Ware
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Du P, Xu Y, Shi Y, Xu Q, Li S, Gao M. Preparation and shape change of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded on the dialdehyde cellulose by in-situ synthesis method. Cellulose (Lond) 2022; 29:6831-6843. [PMID: 35789831 PMCID: PMC9244189 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-022-04692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED With the improvement of medical and health care level in our society, the demand for antibacterial materials is increasing. In this work, we prepared the antibacterial materials by loading silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) with in-situ synthesis method. DAC was prepared by pretreating cellulose fiber with sodium metaperiodate (NaIO4) to convert the hydroxyl group into aldehyde group, and then reacted with silver nitrate (AgNO3) to obtain AgNPs loaded on DAC. UV-Vis results show that the characteristic absorption peak of AgNPs at 428 nm appeared in the AgNPs-loaded-DAC. It was observed by SEM that the spherical AgNPs were distributed uniformly on the DAC surface without obvious flocculation. The color of DAC was not changed significantly, indicating that a small amount of AgNPs was loaded. In addition, sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7) was added in the reaction of DAC and AgNO3 and its effect on the formation of AgNPs was studied. The results demonstrated that the color of DAC turned deeper and finally dark yellow with reaction time extended. When the reaction time was 60 h, the spherical AgNPs were gradually grown and transformed into triangular prism on the DAC surface. The antibacterial properties of AgNPs showed inhibition zones of 4.90 mm and 7.35 mm (60 h) against Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus), respectively, which increased by 40.00% and 14.85% compared with spherical AgNPs (2.5 h) obtained without Na3C6H5O7. The research of AgNPs-loaded cellulose-based materials promotes the development prospect of new nano-antibacterial materials. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10570-022-04692-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Du
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China
| | - Yun Shi
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China
| | - Qinghua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Shasha Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China
| | - Minlan Gao
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710021 China
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Javaid M, Haleem A. Significant advancements of 4D printing in the field of orthopaedics. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2020; 11:S485-90. [PMID: 32774016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers, engineers and doctors are continuously focusing on the development of orthopaedics parts characterised by the required responses. So, advanced manufacturing technologies are introduced to fulfil various previously faced challenges. 4D printing provides rapid development with its capability of customization of smart orthopaedics implants and appropriate surgical procedure. This technology opens up the making of innovative, adaptable internal splints, stents, replacement of tissues and organs. Thus, to write this review based article, relevant papers on 4D printing in medical/orthopaedics and smart materials are identified and studied. 4D printed parts show the capability of shape-changing and self-assembly to perform the required functions, which otherwise manufactured parts are not providing. Smart orthopaedics implants are used for spinal deformities, fracture fixation, joint, knee replacement and other related orthopaedics applications. This paper briefs about the 4D printing technology with its major benefits for orthopaedics applications. Today various smart materials are available, which could be used as raw material in 4D printing, and we have discussed capabilities of some of them. Due to the ability of shape-changing, smart implants can change their shape after being implanted in the patient body. Finally, twelve significant advancements of 4D printing in the field of orthopaedics are identified and briefly provided. Thus, 4D printing help to provide a significant effect on personalised treatments.
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Anand P, Harper AGS. Human platelets use a cytosolic Ca 2+ nanodomain to activate Ca 2+-dependent shape change independently of platelet aggregation. Cell Calcium 2020; 90:102248. [PMID: 32629299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human platelets use a rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration to activate all stages of thrombus formation, however, how they are able to decode cytosolic Ca2+ signals to trigger each of these independently is unknown. Other cells create local Ca2+ signals to activate Ca2+-sensitive effectors specifically localised to these subcellular regions. However, no previous study has demonstrated that agonist-stimulated human platelets can generate a local cytosolic Ca2+ signal. Platelets possess a structure called the membrane complex (MC) where the main intracellular calcium store, the dense tubular system (DTS), is coupled tightly to an invaginated portion of the plasma membrane called the open canalicular system (OCS). Here we hypothesised that human platelets use a Ca2+ nanodomain created within the MC to control the earliest phases of platelet activation. Dimethyl-BAPTA-loaded human platelets were stimulated with thrombin in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ to isolate a cytosolic Ca2+ nanodomain created by Ca2+ release from the DTS. In the absence of any detectable rise in global cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, thrombin stimulation triggered Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX)-dependent Ca2+ removal into the extracellular space, as well as Ca2+-dependent shape change in the absence of platelet aggregation. The NCX-mediated Ca2+ removal was dependent on the normal localisation of the DTS, and immunofluorescent staining of NCX3 demonstrated its localisation to the OCS, consistent with this Ca2+ nanodomain being formed within the MC. These results demonstrated that human platelets possess a functional Ca2+ nanodomain contained within the MC that can control shape change independently of platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peterson Anand
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Alan G S Harper
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
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Chaudhary PK, Han JS, Jee Y, Lee SH, Kim S. Pyk2 downstream of G 12/13 pathways regulates platelet shape change through RhoA/p160 ROCK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:738-743. [PMID: 32265034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rho/Rho-kinase downstream of G12/13 plays an important role in the regulation of calcium-independent platelet shape change. We have previously shown that proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) is activated downstream of G12/13 pathways. In this study, we evaluated the role of Pyk2 in G12/13-induced platelet shape change. We used low concentrations of YFLLRNP, a heptapeptide binding to protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), or PAR4-activating peptide AYPGKF in the presence of Gαq inhibitor YM254890 to selectively stimulate G12/13 pathways. We found that G12/13-induced platelet shape change was completely inhibited in the presence of Pyk2 inhibitors AG17 and TAT-Pyk2-CT, suggesting an important role of Pyk2 in platelet shape change. In addition, AYPGKF-induced shape change in Gq -/- platelets was completely inhibited in the presence of AG17 or RhoA/p160ROCK inhibitor Y27632, confirming the role of Pyk2 in RhoA-dependent shape change. Furthermore, AYPGKF-induced platelet aggregation and dense granule secretion were inhibited by blocking Pyk2 or RhoA. Finally, G12/13-induced myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) phosphorylation was inhibited by AG17, confirming that Pyk2 regulates RhoA/p160ROCK activation in platelets. These results demonstrate that Pyk2 downstream of G12/13 pathways regulates platelet shape change as well as platelet aggregation and dense granule secretion through the regulation of RhoA/p160ROCK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeung-Sul Han
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Youngheun Jee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Soochong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, South Korea.
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Tsukamoto T, Miyata M, Hirata N, Hosoi N, Matsumura Y, Akiba T. Modification of the Dialysate Port of Plasma Separators for Safe Blood Purification in Japan. Ther Apher Dial 2019; 23:396-403. [PMID: 30556345 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A fatal mix-up of a hemofilter with a plasma separator occurred in 2011. The close resemblance between the two blood purification columns commonly used in Japan posed a fundamental risk for such mix-ups. Both the in-hospital case investigation committee and the relevant academic societies have independently proposed the modifications of the dialysate port (D port) of the plasma separator to avoid this type of misuse. To make these devices foolproof, medical professionals, including physicians and clinical engineers, and members of the Medical Technology Association of Japan discussed measures to prevent this type of recurrence. Since new standards were soon to be issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the modifications were temporarily postponed. In September 2016, the ISO released new standards for small-bore connectors. The shape changes of the D port from the current slip-in type (ISO8637) to the Luer lock type (ISO80369-7) had been already approved by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan by the end of November 2018, including a temporal use of a converter to connect the current type of D port to the new type of blood circuit. We must address the next issue that the new standard and the older standard coexist in the clinical setting, which may create a new risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Tsukamoto
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makiko Miyata
- Medical Technology Association of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Hirata
- Medical Technology Association of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yumi Matsumura
- Department of Patient Safety, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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Ríos L, Palancar C, Pastor F, Llidó S, Sanchís-Gimeno JA, Bastir M. Shape change in the atlas with congenital midline non-union of its posterior arch: a morphometric geometric study. Spine J 2017; 17:1523-1528. [PMID: 28571788 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT The congenital midline non-union of the posterior arch of the atlas is a developmental variant present at a frequency ranging from 0.7% to 3.9%. Most of the reported cases correspond to incidental findings during routine medical examination. In cases of posterior non-union, hypertrophy of the anterior arch and cortical bone thickening of the posterior arches have been observed and interpreted as adaptive responses of the atlas to increased mechanical stress. PURPOSE We sought to determine if the congenital non-union of the posterior arch results in a change in the shape of the atlas. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING This study is an analysis of the first cervical vertebrae from osteological collections through morphometric geometric techniques. METHODS A total of 21 vertebrae were scanned with a high-resolution three-dimensional scanner (Artec Space Spider, Artec Group, Luxembourg). To capture vertebral shape, 19 landmarks and 100 semilandmarks were placed on the vertebrae. Procrustes superimposition was applied to obtain size and shape data (MorphoJ 1.02; Klingenberg, 2011), which were analyzed through principal component analysis (PCA) and mean shape comparisons. RESULTS The PCA resulted in two components explaining 22.32% and 18.8% of the total shape variance. The graphic plotting of both components indicates a clear shape difference between the control atlas and the atlas with posterior non-union. This observation was supported by statistically significant differences in mean shape comparisons between both types of vertebra (p<.0001). Changes in shape were observed in the superior and inferior articular facets, the transverse processes, and the neural canal between the control and non-union vertebrae. CONCLUSIONS Non-union of the posterior arch of the atlas is associated with significant changes in the shape of the vertebra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ríos
- Paleoanthropology Group, Department of Paleobiology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Palancar
- Paleoanthropology Group, Department of Paleobiology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Pastor
- Anatomical Museum, Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Susana Llidó
- Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibanez 15, E46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Alberto Sanchís-Gimeno
- Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibanez 15, E46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Markus Bastir
- Paleoanthropology Group, Department of Paleobiology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Gandy JR, Foulad A, Chao KK, Wong BJF. Injectable chondroplasty: Enzymatic reshaping of cartilage grafts. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2017; 134:217-220. [PMID: 28209412 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS To develop an injection-based enzymatic technique that selectively softens cartilage tissue for reshaping cartilaginous structures in the head and neck. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two groups were formed using fresh rabbit ears: (1) whole rabbit ear group; (2) composite graft group (2.5mm×3.0cm specimens sectioned from the central region of the pinna). Subperichondrial injections using three enzymes (hyaluronidase, pronase, and collagenase II) in sequence were performed for the experimental specimens from both groups. In the control specimens, phosphate buffered saline was injected in a similar fashion. The whole ear specimens were then photographed while held upright in the anatomical vertical position to evaluate for buckling, which corresponds to the integrity of the cartilage. In addition, backlight photography was performed for all specimens to further evaluate the effect of the enzymes, such that increased light intensity represents increased cartilage digestion. RESULTS The application of the digestive enzymes resulted in marked reduction of cartilage tissue matrix resiliency, while preserving overlying skin layers. Enzymatically treated whole pinnae buckled at the site where enzymes were delivered. Backlit images revealed increased local light intensity at the regions of digestion. There was no obvious destruction of the overlying skin upon visual inspection. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of injectable chondroplasty as a potential alternative method to conventional surgery for auricular cartilage reshaping. Sequential injection of hyaluronidase, pronase, and collagenase II into the subperichondrial space can be performed to digest and soften cartilage structure with minimal involvement of surrounding tissue. Future studies will need to include chondrocyte viability testing and optimization of delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Gandy
- Division of facial plastic surgery, department of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, university of California Irvine, 101, The City Drive, CA 92668 Orange, United States; Beckman Laser institute and medical clinic, university of California Irvine, 1002, Health Sciences Road East, CA 92612 Irvine, United States
| | - A Foulad
- Division of facial plastic surgery, department of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, university of California Irvine, 101, The City Drive, CA 92668 Orange, United States; Beckman Laser institute and medical clinic, university of California Irvine, 1002, Health Sciences Road East, CA 92612 Irvine, United States
| | - K K Chao
- Beckman Laser institute and medical clinic, university of California Irvine, 1002, Health Sciences Road East, CA 92612 Irvine, United States; Department of radiation oncology, Epic Care, 400, Taylor Boulevard, Suite 102, CA 94523 Pleasant Hill, United States
| | - B J F Wong
- Division of facial plastic surgery, department of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, university of California Irvine, 101, The City Drive, CA 92668 Orange, United States; Beckman Laser institute and medical clinic, university of California Irvine, 1002, Health Sciences Road East, CA 92612 Irvine, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, university of California Irvine, CA 92612 Irvine, United States.
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