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Bogl LH, Mehlig K, Ahrens W, Gwozdz W, de Henauw S, Molnár D, Moreno L, Pigeot I, Russo P, Solea A, Veidebaum T, Kaprio J, Lissner L, Hebestreit A. Like me, like you - relative importance of peers and siblings on children's fast food consumption and screen time but not sports club participation depends on age. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:50. [PMID: 32295621 PMCID: PMC7160987 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-00953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle interventions to prevent paediatric obesity often target family and peer settings; their success is likely to depend on the influence that peers and families exert on children’s lifestyle behaviors at different developmental stages. Objective First, to determine whether children’s lifestyle behavior more closely resembles their peers’ or siblings’ behaviors. Secondly, to investigate longitudinally whether children’s behavioral change is predicted by that of their peers or their siblings as they grow older. Methods The European prospective IDEFICS/I.Family cohort (baseline survey: 2007/2008, first follow-up: 2009/2010, and second follow-up: 2013/2014) aims at investigating risk factors for overweight and related behaviors during childhood and adolescence. The present investigation includes 2694 observations of children and their siblings aged 2 to 18 years. Peers were defined as same-sex, same-age children in the same community and identified from the full cohort. The longitudinal analysis (mean follow-up time: 3.7 years) includes 525 sibling pairs. Children’s lifestyle behaviors including fast food consumption (frequency/week), screen time (hours/week) and sports club participation (hours/week) were assessed by questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear models. Results Children’s lifestyle behavior was associated with the respective behavior of their peers and sibling for all 3 behaviors. For fast food consumption, the peer resemblance was more than 6-fold higher than the sibling resemblance and the peer resemblance surpassed the sibling resemblance by the age of 9–10 years. The similarities with peers for fast food consumption and screen time steadily increased, while the similarities with siblings steadily decreased with increasing age of the children (Pinteraction < 0.001). In contrast, the relative importance of peers and siblings on sports club duration did not vary by the age of the children. Longitudinal results showed that children’s changes in fast food consumption were more strongly associated with those in their peer group than their sibling, in particular if the age gap between siblings was large. Conclusion In conclusion, our results support the implementation of multi-setting interventions for improving lifestyle behaviors in children. Our findings might also guide future intervention studies in the choice of timing and setting in which interventions are likely to be most effective. From the ages of 9–10 years onwards, family- or home-based interventions targeting children’s fast food intake and screen time behavior may become less effective than school- or community-based interventions aimed at peer groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie H Bogl
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359, Bremen, Germany. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1st floor, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Kirsten Mehlig
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Institute of Statistics, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wencke Gwozdz
- Department of Management, Society and Communication, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Faculty Agricultural Sciences, Nutritional Sciences & Environmental Management, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Luis Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Iris Pigeot
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Institute of Statistics, Bremen, Germany
| | - Paola Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Antonia Solea
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauren Lissner
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antje Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359, Bremen, Germany.
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Bogl LH, Mehlig K, Intemann T, Masip G, Keski-Rahkonen A, Russo P, Michels N, Reisch L, Pala V, Johnson L, Molnár D, Tornaritis M, Veidebaum T, Moreno L, Ahrens W, Lissner L, Kaprio J, Hebestreit A. A within-sibling pair analysis of lifestyle behaviours and BMI z-score in the multi-centre I.Family study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:580-589. [PMID: 30952577 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS By investigating differences in lifestyle behaviours and BMI in sibling pairs, family-level confounding is minimized and causal inference is improved, compared to cross-sectional studies of unrelated children. Thus, we aimed to investigate within-sibling pair differences in different lifestyle behaviours and differences in BMI z-scores in children and adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined three groups of sibling pairs 1) all same-sex sibling pairs with maximum 4 years age difference (n = 1209 pairs from 1072 families in 8 countries, mean age 10.7 years, standard deviation 2.4 years), 2) sibling pairs discordant for overweight (n = 262) and 3) twin pairs (n = 85). Usual dietary intake was estimated by 24-h recalls and time spent in light (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was measured by accelerometers. Screen time, sleep and dieting for weight loss were assessed by questionnaires. Within all 3 groups of sibling pairs, more time in MVPA was associated with lower BMI z-score. Higher energy intake was associated with higher BMI z-score within twin pairs and within all sibling pairs who were not currently dieting for weight loss. Regarding LPA, screen time or sleep duration, no or inconsistent associations were observed for the three groups of sibling pairs. CONCLUSIONS MVPA and energy intake were associated with BMI differences within sibling and twin pairs growing up in the same home, thus independent of family-level confounding factors. Future studies should explore whether genetic variants regulating appetite or energy expenditure behaviours account for weight differences in sibling pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Bogl
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
| | - K Mehlig
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - T Intemann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - G Masip
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - A Keski-Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - P Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.
| | - N Michels
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - L Reisch
- Copenhagen Business School, Department of Management, Society and Communication, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - V Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori - Milan, Italy.
| | - L Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - D Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - M Tornaritis
- Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus.
| | - T Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - L Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - W Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany; Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | - L Lissner
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - J Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - A Hebestreit
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
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