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Rahman MM, Feng Y, Yankeelov TE, Oden JT. A fully coupled space-time multiscale modeling framework for predicting tumor growth. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 2017; 320:261-286. [PMID: 29158608 PMCID: PMC5693401 DOI: 10.1016/j.cma.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Most biological systems encountered in living organisms involve highly complex heterogeneous multi-component structures that exhibit different physical, chemical, and biological behavior at different spatial and temporal scales. The development of predictive mathematical and computational models of multiscale events in such systems is a major challenge in contemporary computational biomechanics, particularly the development of models of growing tumors in humans. The aim of this study is to develop a general framework for tumor growth prediction by considering major biological events at tissue, cellular, and subcellular scales. The key to developing such multiscale models is how to bridge spatial and temporal scales that range from 10-3 to 103 mm in space and from 10-6 to 107 s in time. In this paper, a fully coupled space-time multiscale framework for modeling tumor growth is developed. The framework consists of a tissue scale model, a model of cellular activities, and a subcellular transduction signaling pathway model. The tissue, cellular, and subcellular models in this framework are solved using partial differential equations for tissue growth, agent-based model for cellular events, and ordinary differential equations for signaling transduction pathway as a network at subcellular scale. The model is calibrated using experimental observations. Moreover, this model is biologically-driven from a signaling pathway, volumetrically-consistent between cellular and tissue scale in terms of tumor volume evolution in time, and a biophysically-sound tissue model that satisfies all conservation laws. The results show that the model is capable of predicting major characteristics of tumor growth such as the morphological instability, growth patterns of different cell phenotypes, compact regions of the higher cell density at the tumor region, and the reduction of growth rate due to drug delivery. The predicted treatment outcomes show a reduction in proliferation at different rates in response to different drug dosages. Moreover, the results of several 3D applications to tumor growth and the evolution of cellular and subcellular events are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mamunur Rahman
- Center for Simulation, Visualization and Real-Time Prediction, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Yusheng Feng
- Center for Simulation, Visualization and Real-Time Prediction, The University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Thomas E. Yankeelov
- Center for Computational Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 East 24th St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 East 24th St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Internal Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 East 24th St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, 2201 E. Sixth St. Austin, TX 78702, United States
| | - J. Tinsley Oden
- Center for Computational Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 East 24th St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 201 East 24th St, Austin, TX 78712, United States
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Xia Y, Yang C, Hu N, Yang Z, He X, Li T, Zhang L. Exploring the key genes and signaling transduction pathways related to the survival time of glioblastoma multiforme patients by a novel survival analysis model. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:950. [PMID: 28198665 PMCID: PMC5310279 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is to explore the key genes and signaling transduction pathways related to the survival time of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. RESULTS Our results not only showed that mutually explored GBM survival time related genes and signaling transduction pathways are closely related to the GBM, but also demonstrated that our innovated constrained optimization algorithm (CoxSisLasso strategy) are better than the classical methods (CoxLasso and CoxSis strategy). CONCLUSION We analyzed why the CoxSisLasso strategy can outperform the existing classical methods and discuss how to extend this research in the distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xia
- College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanwei Yang
- Systems Biology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
- Breast Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Nan Hu
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhou Yang
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Chongqing Zhongdi Medical Information Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 401320 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Computer and Information Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 People’s Republic of China
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 People’s Republic of China
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Kou Y, Zhao Y, Bao C, Wang Q. Comparison of Gene Expression Profile Between Tumor Tissue and Adjacent Non-tumor Tissue in Patients with Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST). Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 72:571-8. [PMID: 25586720 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are defined as spindle cell and/or epithelioid tumors originated from interstitial Cajal cells or precursors in the digestive tract. This study was conducted to identify genes differing in expression between the gastric tumors and the adjacent non-cancerous mucosas in patients with primary gastric GIST. The gene expression profile was determined by using oligonucleotide-based DNA microarrays and further validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was performed to predict signaling pathways involved in gastric GIST. Our data showed that the expression levels of 957 genes (RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family; VCAN, versican; etc.) were higher and that of 526 genes (CXCL14, chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 14; MTUS1, microtubule-associated tumor suppressor 1; etc.) were lower in the gastric tumor tissues as compared with normal gastric tissues. Results from KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched into 16 signaling transduction pathways, including Hedeghog and Wnt signaling pathways. Our study may provide basis for identification of novel biomarkers associated with primary gastric GIST pathogenesis and for exploration of underlying mechanisms involved in this gastric sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Kou
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Nutriology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Nutriology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhui Bao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Nutriology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Nutriology Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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Wu CL, Wu QY, Du JJ, Zeng JY, Li TT, Xu CQ, Sun YH. Calcium-sensing receptor in the T lymphocyte enhanced the apoptosis and cytokine secretion in sepsis. Mol Immunol 2014; 63:337-42. [PMID: 25256599 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily that existed in lymphocytes and promoted cytokine secretion. Lymphocytes are also involved in sepsis. However, the role of CaSR in lymphocytes in sepsis is unclear. In this study, we want to examine whether the CaSR in lymphocytes in sepsis is involved in the cytokine secretions and apoptosis and make clear the relationship between NF-κB and MAPK signal transduction pathways. We investigated the issues mentioned earlier using Western blotting, ELISA, and Flow Cytometry. The sepsis was remodeled by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We found that CaSR protein expression increased in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in CLP rats. The calcimimetic R568 (NPS R568) promoted, whereas the calcilytic NPS 2143 attenuated, signaling pathways proteins P65 (subunit of NF-κB), ERK1/2, and JNK (one subgroup of MAPKs) phosphorylation. However, P-P38 and P-JAKs exhibit no significant changes. Furthermore, the production TNF-α and IL-4 was greater in CLP rats than in normal rats, and NPS R568 promoted secretion of these cytokines. Simultaneously, the apoptotic ratio of T cells in CLP increased, and NPS R 568 exacerbated the apoptosis degree. However, these effects could also be inhibited by U0126 or SP600125 (MAPKs pathway inhibitor) or Bay-11-7082 or (NF-κB pathway inhibitor). From these results, we can conclude that, in the sepsis, CaSR activation promoted T-cell apoptosis and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 probably through NF-κB and partial MAPK signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-li Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Qiu-yue Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jing-jing Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Jing-ya Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ting-ting Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Daqing Affiliated School of Harbin Medical University, Daqing 150000, China
| | - Chang-qing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yi-hua Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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Ke J, Xiao X, Chen F, He L, Dai MS, Wang XP, Chen B, Chen M, Zhang CT. Function of the CaMKII-ryanodine receptor signaling pathway in rabbits with left ventricular hypertrophy and triggered ventricular arrhythmia. World J Emerg Med 2012; 3:65-70. [PMID: 25215041 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) can be more active in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which in turn causes phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors, resulting in inactivation and the instability of intracellular calcium homeostasis. The present study aimed to determine the effect of CaMKII-ryanodine receptor pathway signaling in rabbits with left ventricular hypertrophy and triggered ventricular arrhythmia. METHODS Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into four groups (10 per group): sham group, LVH group, KN-93 group (LVH+KN-93), and ryanodine group (LVH+ryanodine). Rabbits in the LVH, KN-93, and ryanodine groups were used to establish a left ventricular hypertrophy model by the coarctation of the abdominal aorta, while those in the sham group did not undergo the coarctation. After eight weeks, action potentials (APs) were recorded simultaneously in the endocardium and epicardium, and a transmural electrocardiogram (ECG) was also recorded in the rabbit left ventricular wedge model. Drugs were administered to the animals in the KN-93 and ryanodine groups, and the frequency of triggered APs and ventricular tachycardia was recorded after the rabbits were given isoprenaline (1 μmol/L) and high-frequency stimulation. RESULTS The frequency (animals/group) of triggered APs was 0/10 in the sham group, 10/10 in the LVH group, 4/10 in the KN-93 group, and 1/10 in the ryanodine group. The frequencies of ventricular tachycardia were 0/10, 9/10, 3/10, and 1/10, respectively. The frequencies of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation were 0/10, 7/10, 2/10, and 1/10, respectively. The frequencies of triggered ventricular arrhythmias in the KN-93 and ryanodine groups were much lower than those in the LVH group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS KN-93 and ryanodine can effectively reduce the occurrence of triggered ventricular arrhythmia in rabbits with LVH. The CaMKII-ryanodine signaling pathway can be used as a new means of treating ventricular arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ke
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xing Xiao
- Integrated Department, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong Science Technology University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong Science Technology University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mu-Sen Dai
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Cun-Tai Zhang
- Integrated Department, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong Science Technology University, Wuhan 430030, China
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Abstract
The roles of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) fa-mily and its signaling transduction pathway in apoptosis has been the focus of intense investigation all over the world. Researches show that NF-κB signaling pathway exerts anti-apoptotic function via many other proteins, including IAPs, Bcl-2, TRAF, JNK, FLIP, A20, Gadd45b, MnSOD and so on, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. Inhibition of NF-κB activation can promote the process of programmed cell death, and may become new avenues for therapeutic intervention in immune diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases and certain cancers. Furthermore, recent studies reveal that NF-κB can promote apoptosis, and the types and quantity of NF-κB subunits play a key role in apoptosis. In this review, we presented an overview of the progress in the relationship between NF-κB and apoptosis.
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