1
|
Arasaratnam CJ, Singh-Bains MK, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RLM. Neuroimaging and neuropathology studies of X-linked dystonia parkinsonism. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105186. [PMID: 33227492 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked Dystonia Parkinsonism (XDP) is a recessive, genetically inherited neurodegenerative disorder endemic to Panay Island in the Philippines. Clinical symptoms include the initial appearance of dystonia, followed by parkinsonian traits after 10-15 years. The basal ganglia, particularly the striatum, is an area of focus in XDP neuropathology research, as the striatum shows marked atrophy that correlates with disease progression. Thus, XDP shares features of Parkinson's disease symptomatology, in addition to the genetic predisposition and presence of striatal atrophy resembling Huntington's disease. However, further research is required to reveal the detailed pathology and indicators of disease in the XDP brain. First, there are limited neuropathological studies that have investigated neuronal changes and neuroinflammation in the XDP brain. However, multiple neuroimaging studies on XDP patients provide clues to other affected brain regions. Furthermore, molecular pathological studies have elucidated that the main genetic cause of XDP is in the TAF-1 gene, but how this mutation relates to XDP neuropathology still remains to be fully investigated. Hence, we aim to provide an extensive overview of the current literature describing neuropathological changes within the XDP brain, and discuss future research avenues, which will provide a better understanding of XDP neuropathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Arasaratnam
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, New Zealand; University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Malvindar K Singh-Bains
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, New Zealand; University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Henry J Waldvogel
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, New Zealand; University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, New Zealand; University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lebouc M, Richard Q, Garret M, Baufreton J. Striatal circuit development and its alterations in Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 145:105076. [PMID: 32898646 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that usually starts during midlife with progressive alterations of motor and cognitive functions. The disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion within the huntingtin gene leading to severe striatal neurodegeneration. Recent studies conducted on pre-HD children highlight early striatal developmental alterations starting as soon as 6 years old, the earliest age assessed. These findings, in line with data from mouse models of HD, raise the questions of when during development do the first disease-related striatal alterations emerge and whether they contribute to the later appearance of the neurodegenerative features of the disease. In this review we will describe the different stages of striatal network development and then discuss recent evidence for its alterations in rodent models of the disease. We argue that a better understanding of the striatum's development should help in assessing aberrant neurodevelopmental processes linked to the HD mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Lebouc
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Quentin Richard
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Maurice Garret
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Jérôme Baufreton
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Blood AJ, Waugh JL, Münte TF, Heldmann M, Domingo A, Klein C, Breiter HC, Lee LV, Rosales RL, Brüggemann N. Increased insula-putamen connectivity in X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism. Neuroimage Clin 2017. [PMID: 29527488 PMCID: PMC5842648 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary evidence from postmortem studies of X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) suggests tissue loss may occur first and/or most severely in the striatal striosome compartment, followed later by cell loss in the matrix compartment. However, little is known about how this relates to pathogenesis and pathophysiology. While MRI cannot visualize these striatal compartments directly in humans, differences in relative gradients of afferent cortical connectivity across compartments (weighted toward paralimbic versus sensorimotor cortex, respectively) can be used to infer potential selective loss in vivo. In the current study we evaluated relative connectivity of paralimbic versus sensorimotor cortex with the caudate and putamen in 17 individuals with XDP and 17 matched controls. Although caudate and putamen volumes were reduced in XDP, there were no significant reductions in either “matrix-weighted”, or “striosome-weighted” connectivity. In fact, paralimbic connectivity with the putamen was elevated, rather than reduced, in XDP. This was driven most strongly by elevated putamen connectivity with the anterior insula. There was no relationship of these findings to disease duration or striatal volume, suggesting insula and/or paralimbic connectivity in XDP may develop abnormally and/or increase in the years before symptom onset. Previous work suggested striosomes might degenerate preferentially in early XDP. We developed a DTI tractography method to assess striosome and matrix integrity. Striosomal afferents to putamen were elevated in XDP, despite reduced putamen volume. Connectivity was particularly elevated from the insula (two to three-fold). Striosome connectivity strength was not associated with disease duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne J Blood
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Charlestown, MA, USA; Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Depts. of Neurology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Psychiatry, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept. of Radiology, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jeff L Waugh
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Charlestown, MA, USA; Depts. of Neurology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept. of Radiology, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Division of Child Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aloysius Domingo
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans C Breiter
- Mood and Motor Control Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Charlestown, MA, USA; Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, MGH, Charlestown, MA, USA; Psychiatry, MGH, Boston, MA, USA; Warren Wright Adolescent Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lillian V Lee
- XDP Study Group, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Raymond L Rosales
- XDP Study Group, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beste C, Mückschel M, Rosales R, Domingo A, Lee L, Ng A, Klein C, Münchau A. Dysfunctions in striatal microstructure can enhance perceptual decision making through deficits in predictive coding. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 222:3807-3817. [PMID: 28466359 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1435-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An important brain function is to predict upcoming events on the basis of extracted regularities of previous inputs. These predictive coding processes can disturb performance in concurrent perceptual decision-making and are known to depend on fronto-striatal circuits. However, it is unknown whether, and if so, to what extent striatal microstructural properties modulate these processes. We addressed this question in a human disease model of striosomal dysfunction, i.e. X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP), using high-density EEG recordings and source localization. The results show faster and more accurate perceptual decision-making performance during distraction in XDP patients compared to healthy controls. The electrophysiological data show that sensory memory and predictive coding processes reflected by the mismatch negativity related to lateral prefrontal brain regions were weakened in XDP patients and thus induced less cognitive conflict than in controls as reflected by the N2 event-related potential (ERP). Consequently, attentional shifting (P3a ERP) and reorientation processes (RON ERP) were less pronounced in the XDP group. Taken together, these results suggests that striosomal dysfunction is related to predictive coding deficits leading to a better performance in concomitant perceptual decision-making, probably because predictive coding does not interfere with perceptual decision-making processes. These effects may reflect striatal imbalances between the striosomes and the matrix compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. .,Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Raymond Rosales
- XDP Study Group, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Aloysius Domingo
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lillian Lee
- Faculty of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Arlene Ng
- XDP Study Group, Philippine Children's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|