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Sugiyama C, Kotake Y, Yamaguchi M, Umeda K, Tsuyama Y, Sanoh S, Okuda K, Ohta S. Development of a simple measurement method for GluR2 protein expression as an index of neuronal vulnerability. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:450-460. [PMID: 28962381 PMCID: PMC5598506 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro estimating strategies for potential neurotoxicity are required to screen multiple substances. In a previous study, we showed that exposure to low-concentrations of some chemicals, such as organotin, decreased the expression of GluR2 protein, which is a subunit of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors, and led to neuronal vulnerability. This result suggested that GluR2 decreases as an index of neuronal cell sensitivity and vulnerability to various toxic insults. Accordingly, we developed a versatile method that is a large scale determination of GluR2 protein expression in the presence of environmental chemicals by means of AlphaLISA technology. Various analytical conditions were optimized, and then GluR2 protein amount was measured by the method using AlphaLISA. The GluR2 amounts were strongly correlated with that of measured by western blotting, which is currently used to determine GluR2 expression. An ideal standard curve could be written with the authentic GluR2 protein from 0 ng to 100 ng. Subsequently, twenty environmental chemicals were screened and nitenpyram was identified as a chemical which lead to decrease in GluR2 protein expression. This assay may provide a tool for detecting neurotoxic chemicals according to decreases in GluR2 protein expression.
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Key Words
- AMPA receptor
- AMPA receptor, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor
- AlphaLISA
- Cell-based assay
- DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- FCS, fetal calf serum
- Glu, glutamate
- GluR2
- HS, horse serum
- MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2
- NAS, 1-naphthylacetylspermine
- Neurotoxicity
- Nitenpyram
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- TBT, tributyltin
- WST-1, 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yaichiro Kotake
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshinkai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan
| | - Kanae Umeda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yumi Tsuyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Seigo Sanoh
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Okuda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ohta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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