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Borel V, Boeing S, Van Wietmarschen N, Sridharan S, Hill BR, Ombrato L, Perez-Lloret J, Jackson D, Goldstone R, Boulton SJ, Nussenzweig A, Bellelli R. Disrupted control of origin activation compromises genome integrity upon destabilization of Polε and dysfunction of the TRP53-CDKN1A/P21 axis. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110871. [PMID: 35649380 PMCID: PMC9637995 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of genome stability relies on coordinated control of origin activation and replication fork progression. How the interplay between these processes influences human genetic disease and cancer remains incompletely characterized. Here we show that mouse cells featuring Polε instability exhibit impaired genome-wide activation of DNA replication origins, in an origin-location-independent manner. Strikingly, Trp53 ablation in primary Polε hypomorphic cells increased Polε levels and origin activation and reduced DNA damage in a transcription-dependent manner. Transcriptome analysis of primary Trp53 knockout cells revealed that the TRP53-CDKN1A/P21 axis maintains appropriate levels of replication factors and CDK activity during unchallenged S phase. Loss of this control mechanism deregulates origin activation and perturbs genome-wide replication fork progression. Thus, while our data support an impaired origin activation model for genetic diseases affecting CMG formation, we propose that loss of the TRP53-CDKN1A/P21 tumor suppressor axis induces inappropriate origin activation and deregulates genome-wide fork progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Borel
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT London, UK
| | - Stefan Boeing
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT London, UK
| | | | - Sriram Sridharan
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bethany Rebekah Hill
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, The Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, EC1M 6BE London, UK
| | - Luigi Ombrato
- Centre for Tumour Microenvironment, The Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, EC1M 6BE London, UK
| | | | - Deb Jackson
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT London, UK
| | | | - Simon J Boulton
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT London, UK
| | - Andre Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roberto Bellelli
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, The Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, Barbican, EC1M 6BE London, UK.
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2
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Shi M, Whorton AE, Sekulovski N, Paquet M, MacLean JA, Song Y, Van Dyke T, Hayashi K. Inactivation of TRP53, PTEN, RB1, and/or CDH1 in the ovarian surface epithelium induces ovarian cancer transformation and metastasis. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:1055-1064. [PMID: 31930396 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) remains the most common cause of death from gynecological malignancies. Genetically engineered mouse models have been used to study initiation, origin, progression, and/or mechanisms of OvCa. Based on the clinical features of OvCa, we examined a quadruple combination of pathway perturbations including PTEN, TRP53, RB1, and/or CDH1. To characterize the cancer-promoting events in the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), Amhr2cre/+ mice were used to ablate floxed alleles of Pten, Trp53, and Cdh1, which were crossed with TgK19GT121 mice to inactivate RB1 in KRT19-expressing cells. Inactivation of PTEN, TRP53, and RB1 with or without CDH1 led to the development of type I low-grade OvCa with enlarged serous papillary carcinomas and some high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) in older mice. Initiation of epithelial hyperplasia and micropapillary carcinoma started earlier at 1 month in the triple mutations of Trp53, Pten, and Rb1 mice as compared to 2 months in quadruple mutations of Trp53, Pten, Rb1, and Cdh1 mice, whereas both genotypes eventually developed enlarged proliferating tumors that invaded into the ovary at 3-4 months. Mice with triple and quadruple mutations developed HGSC and/or metastatic tumors, which disseminated into the peritoneal cavity at 4-6 months. In summary, inactivation of PTEN, TRP53, and RB1 initiates OvCa from the OSE. Additional ablation of CDH1 further increased persistence of tumor dissemination and ascites fluid accumulation enhancing peritoneal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Shi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Allison E Whorton
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikola Sekulovski
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Marilène Paquet
- Departement de Pathologie et de Microbiologie, Université de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - James A MacLean
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Yurong Song
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Terry Van Dyke
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
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Huang T, Jiang C, Yang M, Xiao H, Huang X, Wu L, Yao M. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium inhibits the innate immune response and promotes apoptosis in a ribosomal/ TRP53-dependent manner in swine neutrophils. Vet Res 2020; 51:105. [PMID: 32854785 PMCID: PMC7450969 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first barriers for resisting the invasion, proliferation, and damage caused by Salmonella Typhimurium. However, the mechanisms that control this resistance are not completely understood. In this study, we established an in vitro Salmonella infection model in porcine neutrophils, and analyzed the cellular transcriptome by deep sequencing and flow cytometry. The results showed that ribosomal gene transcription was inhibited, and two of these genes, RPL39 and RPL9, were related to TRP53 activation. Furthermore, several important innate immunity genes were also inhibited. Knock-down of RPL39 and RPL9 by siRNA caused an approximate fourfold up-regulation of TRP53. Knock-down of RPL39 and RPL9 also resulted in a significant down-regulation of IFNG and TNF, indicating an inhibition of the innate immune response. Silencing of RPL39 and RPL9 also resulted in the up-regulation of FAS, RB1, CASP6, and GADD45A, which play roles in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Neutrophils were either first treated with RPL39 siRNA, RPL9 siRNA, TRP53 activator, or TRP53 inhibitor, and then infected with Salmonella. Knock-down of RPL39 and RPL9, or treatment with TRP53 activator, can increase the intracellular proliferation of Salmonella in neutrophils. We speculate that much of the Salmonella virulence can be attributed to the enhancement of cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of the innate immune response, which allows the bacteria to successfully proliferate intracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghua Huang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Caiyun Jiang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiali Huang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lingbo Wu
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Min Yao
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, 434025, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
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Branca JA, Low BE, Saxl RL, Sargent JK, Doty RA, Wiles MV, Dumont BL, Hasham MG. Loss of TRP53 (p53) accelerates tumorigenesis and changes the tumor spectrum of SJL/J mice. Genes Cancer 2020; 11:83-94. [PMID: 32577159 PMCID: PMC7289902 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Known as the guardian of the genome, transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53) is a well -known tumor suppressor. Here, we describe a novel TRP53 deficient mouse model on a tumor prone background—SJL/J mice. The absence of TRP53 (TRP53 nullizygosity) leads to a shift in the tumor spectrum from a non-Hodgkin’s-like disease to thymic lymphomas and testicular teratomas at a very rapid tumor onset averaging ~12 weeks of age. In haplotype studies, comparing tumor prone versus tumor resistant Trp53 null mouse strains, we found that other tumor suppressor, DNA repair and/or immune system genes modulate tumor incidence in TRP53 null strains, suggesting that even a strong tumor suppressor such as TRP53 is modulated by genetic background. Due to their rapid development of tumors, the SJL/J TRP53 null mice generated here can be used as an efficient chemotherapy or immunotherapy screening mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruth L Saxl
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA
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Aubrey BJ, Janic A, Chen Y, Chang C, Lieschke EC, Diepstraten ST, Kueh AJ, Bernardini JP, Dewson G, O'Reilly LA, Whitehead L, Voss AK, Smyth GK, Strasser A, Kelly GL. Mutant TRP53 exerts a target gene-selective dominant-negative effect to drive tumor development. Genes Dev 2018; 32:1420-1429. [PMID: 30366906 PMCID: PMC6217734 DOI: 10.1101/gad.314286.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Here, Aubrey et al. researched how mutant TRP53 drives tumor development. Their findings demonstrate a strong functional synergy between deregulated expression of c-MYC and the hot spot mutant TRP53 proteins that distinguishes them from the less frequently occurring TRP53 mutants and that mutant TRP53 drives tumorigenesis primarily through dominant-negative effects. Mutations in Trp53, prevalent in human cancer, are reported to drive tumorigenesis through dominant-negative effects (DNEs) over wild-type TRP53 function as well as neomorphic gain-of-function (GOF) activity. We show that five TRP53 mutants do not accelerate lymphomagenesis on a TRP53-deficient background but strongly synergize with c-MYC overexpression in a manner that distinguishes the hot spot Trp53 mutations. RNA sequencing revealed that the mutant TRP53 DNE does not globally repress wild-type TRP53 function but disproportionately impacts a subset of wild-type TRP53 target genes. Accordingly, TRP53 mutant proteins impair pathways for DNA repair, proliferation, and metabolism in premalignant cells. This reveals that, in our studies of lymphomagenesis, mutant TRP53 drives tumorigenesis primarily through the DNE, which modulates wild-type TRP53 function in a manner advantageous for neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Aubrey
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Ana Janic
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Yunshun Chen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Catherine Chang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth C Lieschke
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Sarah T Diepstraten
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Andrew J Kueh
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Bernardini
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Grant Dewson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Lorraine A O'Reilly
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Lachlan Whitehead
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Gordon K Smyth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Gemma L Kelly
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia
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6
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Lim SL, Mustapha NM, Goh YM, Bakar NAA, Mohamed S. Metastasized lung cancer suppression by Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf compared to Erlotinib via anti-inflammatory, endogenous antioxidant responses and apoptotic gene activation. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 416:85-97. [PMID: 27106908 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastasized lung and liver cancers cause over 2 million deaths annually, and are amongst the top killer cancers worldwide. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaves are traditionally consumed as vegetables in the tropics. The macro and micro effects of M. citrifolia (Noni) leaves on metastasized lung cancer development in vitro and in vivo were compared with the FDA-approved anti-cancer drug Erlotinib. The extract inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in A549 cells (IC50 = 23.47 μg/mL) and mouse Lewis (LL2) lung carcinoma cells (IC50 = 5.50 μg/mL) in vitro, arrested cancer cell cycle at G0/G1 phases and significantly increased caspase-3/-8 without changing caspase-9 levels. The extract showed no toxicity on normal MRC5 lung cells. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549-induced BALB/c mice were fed with 150 and 300 mg/kg M. citrifolia leaf extract and compared with Erlotinib (50 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days. It significantly increased the pro-apoptotic TRP53 genes, downregulated the pro-tumourigenesis genes (BIRC5, JAK2/STAT3/STAT5A) in the mice tumours, significantly increased the anti-inflammatory IL4, IL10 and NR3C1 expression in the metastasized lung and hepatic cancer tissues and enhanced the NFE2L2-dependent antioxidant responses against oxidative injuries. The extract elevated serum neutrophils and reduced the red blood cells, haemoglobin, corpuscular volume and cell haemoglobin concentration in the lung cancer-induced mammal. It suppressed inflammation and oedema, and upregulated the endogenous antioxidant responses and apoptotic genes to suppress the cancer. The 300 mg/kg extract was more effective than the 50 mg/kg Erlotinib for most of the parameters measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee-Ling Lim
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Level 4, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noordin M Mustapha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong-Meng Goh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Ain Abu Bakar
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Level 4, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suhaila Mohamed
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Level 4, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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