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Fan W, Ao L, Zhang S. Sedimentary phosphorus fractions in typical lacustrine wetland of Changshou Lake flowing into the Three-Gorges Reservoir. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:706-712. [PMID: 35687132 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03559-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
River damming is ubiquitous which would impact the nutrient cycles of the river systems. Here an early eutrophicated reservoir (Changshou Lake) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) was selected to investigate the phosphorus (P) biogeochemical migration. Nine sediment cores were collected in the littoral nature lacustrine wetland to help to determine the phosphorus distribution and fraction along the water level. Results revealed that the concentrations of phosphorus varied from 106 to 1178 mg/kg, with the highest concentration reported in the shallow water area. This was affected by the fluctuations of the water level and algae accumulation from the deep-water. In addition, it also indicated that the higher accumulation of phosphorus in the shallow water areas was predominated by HCl-P and BD-P fractions, which were potentially the main source of phosphorus in lacustrine wetlands. Hence, more attention should be paid to the autochthonous phosphorus control in the water level fluctuation area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Ranjiaba Qishan Road 252 Yubei District Chongqing, 401147, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Ao
- Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Ranjiaba Qishan Road 252 Yubei District Chongqing, 401147, Chongqing, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Environmental Science, Ranjiaba Qishan Road 252 Yubei District Chongqing, 401147, Chongqing, China
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Li T, Zhu Z, Shao Y, Chen Z, Roß-Nickoll M. Soil seedbank: Importance for revegetation in the water level fluctuation zone of the reservoir area. Sci Total Environ 2022; 829:154686. [PMID: 35314245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation succession in the water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) is driven by periodical water fluctuations, the mechanisms of response and synergistic evolution between aboveground vegetation (AGV) and soil seed bank (SSB) in the WLFZ remain unclear. To illustrate the response between AGV and SSB and the importance of SSB for revegetation in the WLFZ, the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) was taken as the target in the current study, and five sampling sites that lie in the center of reservoir and major tributaries of the TGR were selected. Plant community survey along the three water level gradients (i.e., 165-170 m, 170-175 m and 175-180 m) was conducted. Simultaneously, SSB samples on the topsoil (0-5 cm) were collected for germination experiments. A total of forty-nine species were observed from the SSB, belonging to 24 families and 47 genera, of which Asteraceae (8 species) and Poaceae (6 species) dominated. The number of total germinated seedlings species from soil samples from the sampling sites differed, i.e., was lower in Fengjie and Wushan compared to Yunyang, Gaoyang and Fengdu. The seed density in 165-170 m was significantly lower than that of 170-175 m and 175-180 m (p < 0.05). The Sørensen similarity coefficients between AGV and SSB tended to decrease with the increase of water level gradient, ranging from 0.04 to 0.42. SSB species composition was significantly associated with total carbon and total nitrogen contents of the soil (both p < 0.05). The SSB density was significantly negatively correlated with concentration of soil total nitrogen (p < 0.05), the species richness of SSB was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH value (p < 0.05). Hence, the relationship between the SSB and the soil habitat might be an important factor driving the construction of vegetation in the WLFZ. The correlation between dynamic of SSB and TGR hydrological regimes should be considered for revegetation in the WLFZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, China
| | - Zihan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongli Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, China.
| | - Martina Roß-Nickoll
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, China; Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
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Li Y, Yang N, Qian B, Yang Z, Liu D, Niu L, Zhang W. Development of a bacteria-based index of biotic integrity (Ba-IBI) for assessing ecological health of the Three Gorges Reservoir in different operation periods. Sci Total Environ 2018; 640-641:255-263. [PMID: 29859441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It is urgently needed to quantitatively assess ecological health of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) when considering its special environmental conditions and temporal variations caused by reservoir operation. This study developed a bacteria-based index of biotic integrity (Ba-IBI) based on sediment samples collected along the TGR in low water level period, impoundment period and sluicing period, respectively. Reference conditions were defined using 8 ecological variables describing the hydromorphology and anthropogenic disturbances around the sites. Five core metrics, including % Acidobacteria, % Gemmatimonadetes, % Geobacter, Methanotroph and Phototroph, were selected after the screening processes. The developed index could clearly discriminate reference and impaired conditions and exhibited significant relationship with environmental parameters according to the redundancy (p < 0.01) and multivariable linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.76). By implementing Ba-IBI in the TGR, the ecological health of the sampling sites was defined as "Excellent" (25%), "Good" (50%) and "Fair" (25%) separately. The spatial variation of biotic integrity was closely associated with environmental and ecological changes, especially the increase of nutrient concentrations. This study revealed a significant tendency that the ecological health in the low water level and sluicing periods was better than that in the impoundment period, which could be attributed to the hydrodynamic changes due to water level fluctuation. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of ecological health of the TGR in different operation periods and the index offers a guideline for the reservoir regulation in the similar areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Bao Qian
- Hydrology Bureau of Changjiang Water Resources Commission, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, PR China
| | - Zhengjian Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Defu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of River-lakes and Algal Utilization, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
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Liu J, Jiang T, Wang F, Zhang J, Wang D, Huang R, Yin D, Liu Z, Wang J. Inorganic sulfur and mercury speciation in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China: The role of inorganic reduced sulfur on mercury methylation. Environ Pollut 2018; 237:1112-1123. [PMID: 29153472 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China is a unique geomorphological unit that undergoes annual flooding and drying alternation cycle. The alternating redox conditions within the WLFZ are expected to result in dynamic cycling of reduced sulfur species, which could affect mercury (Hg) methylation due to the high affinity of reduced sulfur species to both inorganic divalent mercury (Hg(II)i) and methylmercury (MeHg). Variations of inorganic sulfur species (measured as acid volatile sulfide, chromium reductive sulfur, elemental sulfur, and water-soluble sulfate), total mercury (THg) and MeHg were studied at two typical WLFZ sites in the TGR from July 2015 to June 2016. Whereas the water-soluble sulfate contents stayed essentially constant, the reduced inorganic sulfur contents varied greatly as the water level changed. Compared with the control soils, the MeHg contents in the WLFZ soils increased, suggesting that water level fluctuations accelerated the methylation process of Hg(II)i. In situ Hg(II)i-methylation also appeared to occur in the sub-layer of the drained sediment during the draw-down season. The significant correlation between MeHg and elemental sulfur (S(0)) further suggests that polysulfides may have played a role in Hg(II)i-methylation by increasing the bioavailable Hg(II)i content in the WLFZ of the TGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Centre for Earth Observation Science, Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-90183, Sweden
| | - Feiyue Wang
- Centre for Earth Observation Science, Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Deliang Yin
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Zeyan Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jinzhu Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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Liu J, Jiang T, Huang R, Wang D, Zhang J, Qian S, Yin D, Chen H. A simulation study of inorganic sulfur cycling in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China and the implications for mercury methylation. Chemosphere 2017; 166:31-40. [PMID: 27681258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China experiences a drying and wetting rotation every year, and the water level induced redox variation may influence inorganic sulfur speciation and mercury methylation. In this work, a simulative flooding and drying experiment and a sulfate added flooding experiment were conducted to study this topic. The results showed that sulfate was reduced from the 10th d during the flooding period based on the detected sulfide in water and the increased elemental sulfur (S0) in sediment. Sulfate reduction and sulfide re-oxidation led to the increase of S0 contents with the maximal values of 1.86 and 0.46 mg kg-1 during the flooding and drying period, respectively. Methylmercury (MeHg) content in sediment displayed a rising trend (0.16-0.28 μg kg-1) in the first 40 d during the flooding period, and then declined from 0.28 to 0.15 μg kg-1. A positive correlation between MeHg content and S0 content in soil (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) was found during the flooding period, and a positive but not significant correlation between the percent of MeHg in THg (%MeHg) and S0 content (r = 0.85, p = 0.08). In sulfate added flooding simulation, MeHg content in sediment did not increase with the sulfate concentration increasing. The increased pyrite in high-sulfate treatment may fix mercury through adsorption process. This study demonstrated that inorganic sulfur species especially S0 and chromium reducible sulfur (CRS) play an important role on mercury methylation in the WLFZ of the TGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-90183, Sweden
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Dingyong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
| | - Sheng Qian
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Deliang Yin
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
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Zheng B, Ma Y, Qin Y, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Cao W, Yang C, Han C. Distribution, sources, and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water in industrial affected areas of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:23485-23495. [PMID: 27614636 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water samples were collected from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), drain water (DW), major tributaries (MT), and main course of the Yangtze River (MY) in areas of three industrial parks (IPs) in Chongqing city in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Sixteen EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants were quantified to identify the effects of industrial activities on water quality of the TGR. The results showed that 11 individual PAHs were quantified and 5 PAHs (naphthalene (Nap), acenaphthylene (Acy), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (InP), and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BgP)) were under detection limits in all of the water samples. Three-ring and four-ring PAHs were the most detected PAHs. Concentrations of individual PAHs were in the range of not detected (nd) to 24.3 ng/L. Total PAH concentrations for each site ranged from nd to 42.9 ng/L and were lower compared to those in other studies. The mean PAH concentrations for sites WWTP, DW, MT, and MY showed as follows: DW (25.9 ng/L) > MY (15.5 ng/L) > MT (14.0 ng/L) > WWTP (9.3 ng/L), and DW contains the highest PAH concentrations. Source identification ratios showed that petroleum and combustion of biomass coal and petroleum were the main sources of PAHs. The results of potential ecosystem risk assessment indicated that, although PAH concentrations in MT and MY are likely harmless to ecosystem, contaminations of PAHs in DW were listed as middle levels and some management strategies and remediation actions, like strengthen clean production processes and banning illegal sewage discharging activities, etc., should be taken to lighten the ecosystem risk caused by PAHs especially risks caused by water discharging drains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yingqun Ma
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wei Cao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chaonan Han
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- National Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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