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Tao S, Veen GFC, Zhang N, Yu T, Qu L. Tree and shrub richness modifies subtropical tree productivity by regulating the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria and archaea. Microbiome 2023; 11:261. [PMID: 37996939 PMCID: PMC10666335 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Declines in plant biodiversity often have negative consequences for plant community productivity, and it becomes increasingly acknowledged that this may be driven by shifts in soil microbial communities. So far, the role of fungal communities in driving tree diversity-productivity relationships has been well assessed in forests. However, the role of bacteria and archaea, which are also highly abundant in forest soils and perform pivotal ecosystem functions, has been less investigated in this context. Here, we investigated how tree and shrub richness affects stand-level tree productivity by regulating bacterial and archaeal community diversity and composition. We used a landscape-scale, subtropical tree biodiversity experiment (BEF-China) where tree (1, 2, or 4 species) and shrub richness (0, 2, 4, 8 species) were modified. RESULTS Our findings indicated a noteworthy decline in soil bacterial α-diversity as tree species richness increased from monoculture to 2- and 4- tree species mixtures, but a significant increase in archaeal α-diversity. Additionally, we observed that the impact of shrub species richness on microbial α-diversity was largely dependent on the level of tree species richness. The increase in tree species richness greatly reduced the variability in bacterial community composition and the complexity of co-occurrence network, but this effect was marginal for archaea. Both tree and shrub species richness increased the stand-level tree productivity by regulating the diversity and composition of bacterial community and archaeal diversity, with the effects being mediated via increases in soil C:N ratios. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into the importance of bacterial and archaeal communities in driving the relationship between plant diversity and productivity in subtropical forests and highlight the necessity for a better understanding of prokaryotic communities in forest soils. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Effecient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 518000, Shuangyashan, People's Republic of China
| | - G F Ciska Veen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Droevendaalstesteeg 10, Wageningen, 6708 PB, the Netherlands
| | - Naili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Effecient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
- Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, 518000, Shuangyashan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianhe Yu
- Department of Biology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Laiye Qu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
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Desie E, Zuo J, Verheyen K, Djukic I, Van Meerbeek K, Auge H, Barsoum N, Baum C, Bruelheide H, Eisenhauer N, Feldhaar H, Ferlian O, Gravel D, Jactel H, Schmidt IK, Kepfer-Rojas S, Meredieu C, Mereu S, Messier C, Morillas L, Nock C, Paquette A, Ponette Q, Reich PB, Roales J, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Seitz S, Schmidt A, Stefanski A, Trogisch S, Halder IV, Weih M, Williams LJ, Yang B, Muys B. Disentangling drivers of litter decomposition in a multi-continent network of tree diversity experiments. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159717. [PMID: 36302436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Litter decomposition is a key ecosystem function in forests and varies in response to a range of climatic, edaphic, and local stand characteristics. Disentangling the relative contribution of these factors is challenging, especially along large environmental gradients. In particular, knowledge of the effect of management options, such as tree planting density and species composition, on litter decomposition would be highly valuable in forestry. In this study, we made use of 15 tree diversity experiments spread over eight countries and three continents within the global TreeDivNet network. We evaluated the effects of overstory composition (tree identity, species/mixture composition and species richness), plantation conditions (density and age), and climate (temperature and precipitation) on mass loss (after 3 months and 1 year) of two standardized litters: high-quality green tea and low-quality rooibos tea. Across continents, we found that early-stage decomposition of the low-quality rooibos tea was influenced locally by overstory tree identity. Mass loss of rooibos litter was higher under young gymnosperm overstories compared to angiosperm overstories, but this trend reversed with age of the experiment. Tree species richness did not influence decomposition and explained almost no variation in our multi-continent dataset. Hence, in the young plantations of our study, overstory composition effects on decomposition were mainly driven by tree species identity on decomposer communities and forest microclimates. After 12 months of incubation, mass loss of the high-quality green tea litter was mainly influenced by temperature whereas the low-quality rooibos tea litter decomposition showed stronger relationships with overstory composition and stand age. Our findings highlight that decomposition dynamics are not only affected by climate but also by management options, via litter quality of the identity of planted trees but also by overstory composition and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Desie
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E - box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Juan Zuo
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E - box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kris Verheyen
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University; Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle, Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Ika Djukic
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Koenraad Van Meerbeek
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E - box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Harald Auge
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadia Barsoum
- Forest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, Surrey GU10 4LH, UK
| | - Christel Baum
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Feldhaar
- Animal Ecology I, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hervé Jactel
- INRAE, Université Bordeaux, Biogeco, F-33612 Cestas, France
| | - Inger Kappel Schmidt
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Simone Mereu
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la BioEconomia, CNR-IBE, Traversa la Crucca 3, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Christian Messier
- Département des sciences naturelles and Institut des sciences de la forêt tempérée (ISFORT), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), 58 rue Principale, Ripon, QC J0V 1V0, Canada
| | - Lourdes Morillas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes 10, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Charles Nock
- Department of Renewables Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alain Paquette
- Centre for Forest Research, Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Quentin Ponette
- Earth & Life Institute, UCLouvain - Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2, box L7.05.24, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, 2753, Australia; Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Javier Roales
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Michael Scherer-Lorenzen
- Geobotany, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Seitz
- Universität Tübingen, Institute of Geography, Department of Geosciences, Rümelinstrasse 19-23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schmidt
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Artur Stefanski
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Stefan Trogisch
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Martin Weih
- Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Laura J Williams
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, 2753, Australia
| | - Bo Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biodiversity, Jingdezhen University, Jingdezhen, 333400, China
| | - Bart Muys
- Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E - box 2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Liu X, Tang X, Lie Z, He X, Zhou G, Yan J, Ma K, Du S, Li S, Han S, Ma Y, Wang G, Liu J. Tree species richness as an important biotic factor regulates the soil phosphorus density in China's mature natural forests. Sci Total Environ 2022; 845:157277. [PMID: 35835196 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tree species richness has been recognized as an underlying driving factor for regulating soil phosphorus (P) status in many site-specific studies. However, it remains poorly understood whether this is true at broad scales where soil P strongly rely on climate, soil type and vegetation type. Here, based on the data of 946 mature natural forest sites from a nationwide field survey in China, we analyzed the impact of tree species richness on soil P density of China's mature natural forests (deciduous coniferous forest, DCF; evergreen coniferous forest, ECF; deciduous broad-leaved forest, DBF; evergreen broad-leaved forest, EBF; and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, MF). Our results showed that tree species richness had a negative effect on soil P density in China's mature natural forests. The Random Forest regression model showed that the relative importance of tree species richness to soil P density was second only to the climate factors (mean annual temperature, MAT; mean annual precipitation, MAP). In addition, the structural equation model (SEM) results showed that the goodness fit of SEM increased when the tree species richness was included into the model. These results suggested that tree species richness was an important factor in regulating the China's mature natural forests soil P density. Furthermore, the SEM results showed that the decreased soil P density was related to the increase in ANPP and the decrease in litter P concentration induced by tree species richness. This result indicates that tree species richness could facilitate plant P absorption and inhibit plant P return into the soil, and thus reducing the soil P density in China's mature natural forests. In conclusion, we found tree species richness was an important biotic factor in regulating soil P density at broad scales, which should be fully considered in Earth models that represent P cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuli Tang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhiyang Lie
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xinhua He
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Guoyi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shenggong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shijie Han
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Road, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Youxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming 650223, People's Republic of China
| | - Genxu Wang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Juxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723Xingke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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4
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Liu M, Xu X, Yang B, Zhang N, Ma Z, van Dam NM, Bruelheide H. Niche partitioning in nitrogen uptake among subtropical tree species enhances biomass production. Sci Total Environ 2022; 823:153716. [PMID: 35149074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is a main nutrient limiting plant growth in most terrestrial ecosystems, but so far it remains unknown which role plant N uptake plays for the positive relationship between species richness and productivity. An in situ15N labeling experiment was carried out by planting four subtropical tree species (i.e., Koelreuteria bipinnata, Lithocarpus glaber, Cyclobalanopsis myrsinaefolia and Castanopsis eyrei) in pots, at richness levels 1, 2 and 4 species per pot. Plant N uptake preference for inorganic N form of NO3- to NH4+ and organic N form of glycine, as well as biomass and plant functional traits was evaluated under different tree species richness level. Overall, pot biomass productivity increased with tree species richness. Biomass of the most productive species, K. bipinnata increased, but not at the expense of a decreased growth of the other species. In mixtures, the species shifted their preference for the inorganic N form, from NO3- to NH4+ or vice versa. The uptake preference for glycine remained stable along the species richness gradient. Plant N uptake was well correlated with numerous functional traits, both aboveground, such as height and shoot diameter, and belowground, such as root diameter and root length. We conclude that increased ecosystem biomass production with tree species richness could be largely explained by niche partitioning in N uptake among tree species. Our findings highlight that niche partitioning for N uptake should be a possible important mechanism maintaining species diversity and ecosystem production in subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xingliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biodiversity, Jingdezhen University, 3 Fuliang Avenue, Jingdezhen 333400, Jiangxi, China
| | - Naili Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zeqing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nicole M van Dam
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Lu S, Zhou S, Yin X, Zhang C, Li R, Chen J, Ma D, Wang Y, Yu Z, Chen Y. Patterns of tree species richness in Southwest China. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:97. [PMID: 33511429 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a region known for its high species richness, southwest China plays an important role in preserving global biodiversity and ensuring ecological security in the Yangtze, Mekong, and Salween river basins. However, relatively few studies focus on the response of tree species richness to climate change in this part of China. This study determined the main tree species in southwest China using the Vegetation Map of China and the Flora of China. From simulations of 1970 to 2000 and three forecasts of future benign, moderate, and extreme climate warming anticipated during 2061 to 2080, this study used a maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) to simulate main tree species richness in southwest China. Regions with a peak species richness at intermediate elevations were typically dominated by complex mountainous terrain, such as in the Hengduan Mountains. Likewise, regions with the smallest richness were low-elevation areas, including the Sichuan Basin, and the high-elevation Sichuan-Tibet region. Annual precipitation, minimum temperature of the coldest month, temperature seasonality, and elevation were the most critical factors in estimating tree species richness in southwest China. During future 2061 to 2080 climate scenarios, tree species tended to migrate towards higher elevations as mean temperatures increased. For climate change scenarios RCP2.6-2070 (benign) and RCP4.5-2070 (moderate), the main tree species richness in the study area changed little. During the RCP8.5-2070 extreme scenario, tree species richness decreased. This study provides useful guidance to plan and implement measures to conserve biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Lu
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Siyi Zhou
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Xiaojie Yin
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Rongliang Li
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Dongxu Ma
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Zhexiu Yu
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Qingyun, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Yuheng Chen
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan, Nanjing, 210037, China
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Zeng W, Xiang W, Zhou B, Ouyang S, Zeng Y, Chen L, Zhao L, Valverde-Barrantes OJ. Effects of tree species richness on fine root production varied with stand density and soil nutrients in subtropical forests. Sci Total Environ 2020; 733:139344. [PMID: 32447081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine root production accounts for a large proportion of net primary production (NPP) in forest ecosystems that is highly responsive to environmental and biotic changes. The underlying mechanisms of the relationship between tree species richness and fine root production have not been fully examined. Here we hypothesized that: (i) the relationship between aboveground species richness and fine root production could be attributable to belowground spatial resource partitioning; (ii) either symmetrical or asymmetrical root proliferation to obtain nutrients leads to increased fine root production; and (iii) stand density affects the relationship between species richness and fine root production. We used an ingrowth core method to estimate fine root production coupled to molecular approaches for identifying the tree species of sampled fine roots within each ingrowth core. There was a significant and positive relationship between aboveground species richness and fine root production. The increase in fine root production might partially be attributed to asymmetrical root proliferation rather than belowground spatial resource partitioning. A piecewise structural equation model (SEM) linking stand density and soil nutrients revealed that both factors play dominant roles in mediating the effects of aboveground species richness on fine root production. Moreover, fine root production and relative abundance of fine root distribution within-layers both depended on the effects of aboveground species richness × stand density × soil phosphorus (P) interactions. Therefore, soil P concentration and stand density partially explained the positive aboveground species richness-fine root production relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixian Zeng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wenhua Xiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China; Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shuai Ouyang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China; Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China
| | - Yelin Zeng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China; Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China; Huitong National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China
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Landuyt D, Ampoorter E, Bastias CC, Benavides R, Müller S, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Valladares F, Wasof S, Verheyen K. Importance of overstorey attributes for understorey litter production and nutrient cycling in European forests. For Ecosyst 2020; 7:45. [PMID: 32685240 PMCID: PMC7357776 DOI: 10.1186/s40663-020-00256-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast with the negligible contribution of the forest understorey to the total aboveground phytobiomass of a forest, its share in annual litter production and nutrient cycling may be more important. Whether and how this functional role of the understorey differs across forest types and depends upon overstorey characteristics remains to be investigated. METHODS We sampled 209 plots of the FunDivEUROPE Exploratory Platform, a network of study plots covering local gradients of tree diversity spread over six contrasting forest types in Europe. To estimate the relative contribution of the understorey to carbon and nutrient cycling, we sampled non-lignified aboveground understorey biomass and overstorey leaf litterfall in all plots. Understorey samples were analysed for C, N and P concentrations, overstorey leaf litterfall for C and N concentrations. We additionally quantified a set of overstorey attributes, including species richness, proportion of evergreen species, light availability (representing crown density) and litter quality, and investigated whether they drive the understorey's contribution to carbon and nutrient cycling. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Overstorey litter production and nutrient stocks in litterfall clearly exceeded the contribution of the understorey for all forest types, and the share of the understorey was higher in forests at the extremes of the climatic gradient. In most of the investigated forest types, it was mainly light availability that determined the contribution of the understorey to yearly carbon and nutrient cycling. Overstorey species richness did not affect the contribution of the understorey to carbon and nutrient cycling in any of the investigated forest types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Landuyt
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evy Ampoorter
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cristina C. Bastias
- LINCGlobal, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Science-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Benavides
- LINCGlobal, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Science-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Müller
- Faculty of Biology, Geobotany, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | - Fernando Valladares
- LINCGlobal, Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Science-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Safaa Wasof
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kris Verheyen
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Kwon Y, Lee T, Lang A, Burnette D. Assessment on latitudinal tree species richness using environmental factors in the southeastern United States. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6781. [PMID: 31024776 PMCID: PMC6475148 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The southeastern region of the United States exhibits an unusual trend of decreasing tree species richness (TSR) from higher to lower latitudes over the Florida peninsula. This trend contradicts the widely marked latitudinal diversity gradient where species richness is highest in tropical zones and decreases towards extratropical regions. This study aims to assess the environmental factors that prompt this atypical inverse latitudinal gradient seen in TSR using the USDA Forest Service’s Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) database. Fifteen variables under four categories of forested area, groundwater, soil properties, and climate groups were examined to model TSR in the region. Generalized linear models (GLMs) with Poisson distributions first assessed individual variables to test explanatory power then the LASSO regularization method was utilized to extract two subsets of the most influential variables to predict TSR. Forest area and four climate variables (mean annual temperature, precipitation seasonality, mean temperature of coldest quarter, and mean precipitation of driest quarter) were the top five variables during the initial GLM assessment implying their potential individual influence in regulating TSR. Two subsets of LASSO models contained seven and three predictor variables, respectively. Frist subset includes seven predictors, presented in highest to low standardized coefficient, mean temperature of coldest quarter, forested area, precipitation seasonality, mean precipitation of driest quarter, water table depth, spodosol, and available water storage. The other subset further excluded four lowest influential variables from the first set, leaving the top three variables from the first subset. The first subset of the LASSO model predicted TSR with 63.4% explained deviance while the second subset reproduced 60.2% of deviance explained. With only three variables used, the second model outperformed the first model evaluated by the AIC value. We conclude that forest patch area, mean temperature of coldest quarter, and precipitation seasonality are the highly influential variables of TSR among environmental factors in the southeastern region of U.S., but evolutionary or historic cause should be further incorporated to fully understand tree species diversity pattern in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsang Kwon
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Taesoo Lee
- Department of Geography, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Alison Lang
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Dorian Burnette
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
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