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Consalvi S, Venditti G, Zhu J, Boshoff HI, Arora K, De Logu A, Ioerger TR, Rubin EJ, Biava M, Poce G. 6-Fluorophenylbenzohydrazides inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth through alteration of tryptophan biosynthesis. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113843. [PMID: 34520959 PMCID: PMC10994514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A major constraint in reducing tuberculosis epidemic is the emergence of strains resistant to one or more of clinically approved antibiotics, which emphasizes the need of novel drugs with novel targets. Genetic knockout strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have established that tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis is essential for the bacterium to survive in vivo and cause disease in animal models. An anthranilate-like compound, 6-FABA, was previously shown to synergize with the host immune response to Mtb infection in vivo. Herein, we present a class of anthranilate-like compounds endowed with good antimycobacterial activity and low cytotoxicity. We show how replacing the carboxylic moiety with a hydrazide led to a significant improvement in both activity and cytotoxicity relative to the parent compound 6-FABA. Several new benzohydrazides (compounds 20-31, 33, 34, 36, 38 and 39) showed good activities against Mtb (0.625 ≤ MIC≤6.25 μM) and demonstrated no detectable cytotoxicity against Vero cell assay (CC50 ≥ 1360 μM). The target preliminary studies confirmed the hypothesis that this new class of compounds inhibits Trp biosynthesis. Taken together, these findings indicate that fluorophenylbenzohydrazides represent good candidates to be assessed for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Consalvi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Venditti
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Junhao Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Helena I Boshoff
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kriti Arora
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alessandro De Logu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Thomas R Ioerger
- Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University, 3112 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Eric J Rubin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mariangela Biava
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Poce
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Gutiérrez-Preciado A, Vargas-Chávez C, Reyes-Prieto M, Ordoñez OF, Santos-García D, Rosas-Pérez T, Valdivia-Anistro J, Rebollar EA, Saralegui A, Moya A, Merino E, Farías ME, Latorre A, Souza V. The genomic sequence of Exiguobacterium chiriqhucha str. N139 reveals a species that thrives in cold waters and extreme environmental conditions. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3162. [PMID: 28439458 PMCID: PMC5399880 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the genome sequence of Exiguobacterium chiriqhucha str. N139, isolated from a high-altitude Andean lake. Comparative genomic analyses of the Exiguobacterium genomes available suggest that our strain belongs to the same species as the previously reported E. pavilionensis str. RW-2 and Exiguobacterium str. GIC 31. We describe this species and propose the chiriqhucha name to group them. 'Chiri qhucha' in Quechua means 'cold lake', which is a common origin of these three cosmopolitan Exiguobacteria. The 2,952,588-bp E. chiriqhucha str. N139 genome contains one chromosome and three megaplasmids. The genome analysis of the Andean strain suggests the presence of enzymes that confer E. chiriqhucha str. N139 the ability to grow under multiple environmental extreme conditions, including high concentrations of different metals, high ultraviolet B radiation, scavenging for phosphorous and coping with high salinity. Moreover, the regulation of its tryptophan biosynthesis suggests that novel pathways remain to be discovered, and that these pathways might be fundamental in the amino acid metabolism of the microbial community from Laguna Negra, Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gutiérrez-Preciado
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Current affiliation: Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris Sud (Paris XI), Orsay, France
| | - Carlos Vargas-Chávez
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariana Reyes-Prieto
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar F. Ordoñez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Diego Santos-García
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Current affiliation: Department of Entomology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tania Rosas-Pérez
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Valdivia-Anistro
- Carrera de Biología, Faculta de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México coyoacan, Mexico City, México
| | - Eria A. Rebollar
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VI, United States of America
| | - Andrés Saralegui
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Andrés Moya
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Merino
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Amparo Latorre
- Unidad de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán Martínez, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Valeria Souza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México coyoacan, Mexico City, México
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Dalton JP, Uy B, Phummarin N, Copp BR, Denny WA, Swift S, Wiles S. Effect of common and experimental anti-tuberculosis treatments on Mycobacterium tuberculosis growing as biofilms. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2717. [PMID: 27904808 PMCID: PMC5126618 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known regarding the antibiotic susceptibility of planktonic cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for the lung disease tuberculosis (TB). As planktonically-grown M. tuberculosis are unlikely to be entirely representative of the bacterium during infection, we set out to determine how effective a range of anti-mycobacterial treatments were against M. tuberculosis growing as a biofilm, a bacterial phenotype known to be more resistant to antibiotic treatment. Light levels from bioluminescently-labelled M. tuberculosis H37Rv (strain BSG001) were used as a surrogate for bacterial viability, and were monitored before and after one week of treatment. After treatment, biofilms were disrupted, washed and inoculated into fresh broth and plated onto solid media to rescue any surviving bacteria. We found that in this phenotypic state M. tuberculosis was resistant to the majority of the compounds tested. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) increased by 20-fold to greater than 1,000-fold, underlying the potential of this phenotype to cause significant problems during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Dalton
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Bioluminescent Superbugs Lab, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Benedict Uy
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Bioluminescent Superbugs Lab, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Narisa Phummarin
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Brent R Copp
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - William A Denny
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Swift
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Siouxsie Wiles
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Bioluminescent Superbugs Lab, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
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