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Céspedes MV, Guillén MJ, López-Casas PP, Sarno F, Gallardo A, Álamo P, Cuevas C, Hidalgo M, Galmarini CM, Allavena P, Avilés P, Mangues R. Lurbinectedin induces depletion of tumor-associated macrophages, an essential component of its in vivo synergism with gemcitabine, in pancreatic adenocarcinoma mouse models. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:1461-1471. [PMID: 27780828 PMCID: PMC5200894 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.026369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored whether the combination of lurbinectedin (PM01183) with the antimetabolite gemcitabine could result in a synergistic antitumor effect in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) mouse models. We also studied the contribution of lurbinectedin to this synergism. This drug presents a dual pharmacological effect that contributes to its in vivo antitumor activity: (i) specific binding to DNA minor grooves, inhibiting active transcription and DNA repair; and (ii) specific depletion of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We evaluated the in vivo antitumor activity of lurbinectedin and gemcitabine as single agents and in combination in SW-1990 and MIA PaCa-2 cell-line xenografts and in patient-derived PDA models (AVATAR). Lurbinectedin-gemcitabine combination induced a synergistic effect on both MIA PaCa-2 [combination index (CI)=0.66] and SW-1990 (CI=0.80) tumor xenografts. It also induced complete tumor remissions in four out of six patient-derived PDA xenografts. This synergism was associated with enhanced DNA damage (anti-γ-H2AX), cell cycle blockage, caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. In addition to the enhanced DNA damage, which is a consequence of the interaction of the two drugs with the DNA, lurbinectedin induced TAM depletion leading to cytidine deaminase (CDA) downregulation in PDA tumors. This effect could, in turn, induce an increase of gemcitabine-mediated DNA damage that was especially relevant in high-density TAM tumors. These results show that lurbinectedin can be used to develop 'molecularly targeted' combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Virtudes Céspedes
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - María José Guillén
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), PharmaMar S.A, Av. de los Reyes, 1, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid 28770, Spain
| | - Pedro Pablo López-Casas
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Francesca Sarno
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Patricia Álamo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Carmen Cuevas
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), PharmaMar S.A, Av. de los Reyes, 1, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid 28770, Spain
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carlos María Galmarini
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), PharmaMar S.A, Av. de los Reyes, 1, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid 28770, Spain
| | - Paola Allavena
- IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milano 20089, Italy
| | - Pablo Avilés
- Department of Research and Development (R&D), PharmaMar S.A, Av. de los Reyes, 1, Colmenar Viejo, Madrid 28770, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau, CIBER de Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de Sant Pau, Av. Sant Antoni M. Claret, 167, Barcelona 08025, Spain
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