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Guo H, Li X, Mao D, Wang H, Wei L, Qu D, Qin X, Li X, Liu Y, Chen Y. Homologous-magnetic dual-targeted metal-organic framework to improve the Anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:206. [PMID: 38658950 PMCID: PMC11044376 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The insufficient abundance and weak activity of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are two important reasons for the poor efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. The combined administration of tanshinone IIA (TSA) and astragaloside IV (As) can up-regulate the abundance and activity of TILs by normalising tumour blood vessels and reducing the levels of immunosuppressive factors respectively. For enhancing the efficacy of PD-1 antibody, a magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) with a homologous tumour cell membrane (Hm) coating (Hm@TSA/As-MOF) is established to co-deliver TSA&As into the HCC microenvironment. Hm@TSA/As-MOF is a spherical nanoparticle and has a high total drug-loading capacity of 16.13 wt%. The Hm coating and magnetic responsiveness of Hm@TSA/As-MOF provide a homologous-magnetic dual-targeting, which enable Hm@TSA/As-MOF to counteract the interference posed by ascites tumour cells and enhance the precision of targeting solid tumours. Hm coating also enable Hm@TSA/As-MOF to evade immune clearance by macrophages. The release of TSA&As from Hm@TSA/As-MOF can be accelerated by HCC microenvironment, thereby up-regulating the abundance and activity of TILs to synergistic PD-1 antibody against HCC. This study presents a nanoplatform to improve the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in HCC, providing a novel approach for anti-tumour immunotherapy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Xia Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Dengxuan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Liangyin Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Ding Qu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Xiaoying Qin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 100 Hongshan Rd, Qixia Qu, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
- Multi-component of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Microecology Researh Center, Jiangsu Probince Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Jiangsu Clinical Innovation Center of Digestive Cancer of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Clinical Innovation Center of Digestive Cancer of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210028, China.
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Elebiyo TC, Rotimi D, Evbuomwan IO, Maimako RF, Iyobhebhe M, Ojo OA, Oluba OM, Adeyemi OS. Reassessing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100620. [PMID: 35964475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization is fundamental to the growth and spread of tumor cells to distant sites. As a consequence, angiogenesis, the sprouting of new blood vessels from existing ones, is a characteristic trait of cancer. In 1971, Judah Folkman postulated that tumour growth is angiogenesis dependent and that by cutting off blood supply, a neoplastic lesion could be potentially starved into remission. Decades of research have been devoted to understanding the role that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays in tumor angiogenesis, and it has been identified as a significant pro-angiogenic factor that is frequently overexpressed within a tumor mass. Today, anti-VEGF drugs such as Sunitinib, Sorafenib, Axitinib, Tanibirumab, and Ramucirumab have been approved for the treatment of advanced and metastatic cancers. However, anti-angiogenic therapy has turned out to be more complex than originally thought. The failure of this therapeutic option calls for a reevaluation of VEGF as the major target in anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. The call for reassessment is based on two rationales: first, tumour blood vessels are abnormal, disorganized, and leaky; this not only prevents optimal drug delivery but it also promotes hypoxia and metastasis; secondly, tumour growth or regrowth might be blood vessel dependent and not angiogenesis dependent as tumour cells can acquire blood vessels via non-angiogenic mechanisms. Therefore, a critical assessment of VEGF, VEGFRs, and their inhibitors could glean newer options such as repurposing anti-VEGF drugs as vascular normalizing agents to enhance drug delivery of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damilare Rotimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology, and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, 232101, Nigeria..
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