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Karamitros G, Gkafas GA, Giantsis IA, Martsikalis P, Kavouras M, Exadactylos A. Model-Based Distribution and Abundance of Three Delphinidae in the Mediterranean. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E260. [PMID: 32041267 PMCID: PMC7070316 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring of Delphinidae species population patterns in the Mediterranean Sea was carried out in a sequence of surveys employing different approaches. Data from seven-year surveys with small catamaran sailing boats were analyzed under model-based approaches. Density Surface Models were used to produce spatial distribution prediction of three Delphinidae species (Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus, and Delphinus delphis) in an extended study area covering much of the Mediterranean Sea. A classical distance sampling protocol was applied in order to calculate the detection probability of clusters. Static (depth, slope, distance from the coast, and distance from isobaths of 200 m) and nonstatic (sea surface temperature and chlorophyll) variables were used to predict the species distribution/abundance in a generalized additive model context. Stenella coeruleoalba was found to be the dominant species, with an extended distribution in the study area; its abundance was significantly affected by both depth and distance. Tursiops truncatus and Delphinus delphis illustrated a significant abundance correlation with depth and chlorophyll, respectively, while both species showed a robust longitude correlation. Our model pinpoints the significance of nondesigned transect line surveys, suggesting the importance of specific habitat areas for future monitoring and conservation aspects of marine mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Karamitros
- Hydrobiology–Ichthyology Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str, 38446 Volos, Hellas; (G.A.G.); (P.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Georgios A. Gkafas
- Hydrobiology–Ichthyology Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str, 38446 Volos, Hellas; (G.A.G.); (P.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Ioannis A. Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Hellas;
| | - Petros Martsikalis
- Hydrobiology–Ichthyology Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str, 38446 Volos, Hellas; (G.A.G.); (P.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Menelaos Kavouras
- Hydrobiology–Ichthyology Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str, 38446 Volos, Hellas; (G.A.G.); (P.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Athanasios Exadactylos
- Hydrobiology–Ichthyology Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str, 38446 Volos, Hellas; (G.A.G.); (P.M.); (M.K.)
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Desoubeaux G, Piqueras MDC, Le-Bert C, Fravel V, Clauss T, Delaune AJ, Daniels R, Jensen ED, Flower JE, Bossart GD, Bhattacharya SK, Cray C. Labeled quantitative mass spectrometry to study the host response during aspergillosis in the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Vet Microbiol 2019; 232:42-49. [PMID: 31030843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by Aspergillus molds that can affect both humans and animals. Despite advances in diagnostics and therapy, medical management of this disease remains difficult. Expansion of the basic knowledge regarding its pathophysiology in animals is critical to aid in the identification of new biomarkers of infection for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. For such a purpose, proteomics can be used by addressing protein changes during various disease processes. In the present study, a mass spectrometry analysis based on isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ®) was applied for direct identification and relative quantitation of proteins in blood collected from 32 Aspergillus-diseased common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus, 32 samples) in comparison with blood from 55 other dolphins (55 samples from 41 clinically-normal controls and from 14 cetaceans with miscellaneous non-Aspergillus inflammation diseases) and ten convalescent dolphins (28 samples). Sixty-six and 40 proteins were found to be ≥2.0-fold over- and underrepresented versus miscellaneous non-Aspergillus inflammatory dolphins, respectively, and most were confirmed vs. clinically-normal controls and convalescents. Many proteins which play a role in the adaptive immune response were identified, including MHC proteins and others involved in catalytic activity like the NADPH-ubiquinone oxido-reductases. Overall, iTRAQ® appears to be a convenient proteomic tool greatly suited for exploratory ex vivo studies focusing on pathophysiology. This technique should be considered as a preliminary step before validation of new diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Desoubeaux
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; CHU de Tours, Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie, Médecine tropicale, 37044, Tours, France; Université de Tours, CEPR - INSERM U1100 / Équipe 3, Faculté de Médecine, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Maria Del Carmen Piqueras
- University of Miami, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Risa Daniels
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA
| | - Eric D Jensen
- U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA
| | - Jennifer E Flower
- Chicago Zoological Society's Brookfield Zoo, Brookfield, IL, 60513, USA
| | - Gregory D Bossart
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA, 30313, USA
| | - Sanjoy K Bhattacharya
- University of Miami, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Carolyn Cray
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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