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Salem A, Wu Y, Albarracin CT, Middleton LP, Kalhor N, Peng Y, Huang X, Aung PP, Chen H, Sahin AA, Ding Q. A Comparative Evaluation of TRPS1 and GATA3 in adenoid cystic, secretory, and acinic cell carcinomas of the breast and salivary gland. Hum Pathol 2024; 145:42-47. [PMID: 38262580 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
GATA3 is the most used marker to determine tumors' breast origin, but its diagnostic value in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is limited. The newly identified TRPS1 is highly sensitive and specific for breast carcinoma, especially TNBC. Here, we compared the utility of TRPS1 and GATA3 expression in a subset of salivary gland-type breast tumors (including adenoid cystic, acinic cell, and secretory carcinomas [AdCC, ACC, and SC, respectively]), and we compared TRPS1 and GATA3 expression of such tumors with head and neck (H&N) and AdCC of upper respiratory tumors. TRPS1 was strongly expressed in basaloid TNBC and AdCCs with solid components, including 100 % of mixed and solid breast AdCCs. However, TRPS1 was positive in only 50 % cribriform AdCCs. Expression patterns of TRPS1 in H&N and upper respiratory AdCC were similar. TRPS1 was positive in 30 % of H&N cribriform AdCCs but was strongly expressed in mixed AdCC (67 %) and solid AdCC (100 %). In the upper respiratory AdCCs, TRPS1 was positive in 58.4 % of cribriform AdCCs and positive in 100 % of AdCCs with solid components. On the contrary, GATA3 was negative in predominant AdCCs of the breast, H&N, and upper respiratory tract. These data show that GATA3 and TRPS1 expression varies AdCCs. In addition, TRPS1 and GATA3 expression patterns were similar SC and ACC of breast and H&N. Both markers were positive in SC and negative in ACC. Therefore, TRPS1 and GATA3 cannot be used to differentiate salivary gland-type carcinomas of breast origin from those of upper respiratory or H&N origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Salem
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Constance T Albarracin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lavinia P Middleton
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neda Kalhor
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aysegul A Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Boyle AG. Respiratory Distress in the Adult and Foal. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2021; 37:311-325. [PMID: 34119402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory distress in the horse and foal is an emergency. Managing equine respiratory distress in the field starts with appropriate assessment of the patient to determine whether the breathing obstruction stems from the upper or lower respiratory tract or is nonrespiratory in origin. From a thorough, but efficient, physical examination to point-of-care ultrasound and endoscopy, the veterinarian has many tools in the field to help diagnose the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley G Boyle
- Department of Clinical Studies New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.
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Gibson PG, Prazma CM, Chupp GL, Bradford ES, Forshag M, Mallett SA, Yancey SW, Smith SG, Bel EH. Mepolizumab improves clinical outcomes in patients with severe asthma and comorbid conditions. Respir Res 2021; 22:171. [PMID: 34098955 PMCID: PMC8182929 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comorbidities can complicate the management of severe asthma; therefore, the presence of comorbid conditions or traits often need to be considered when considering treatment options for patients with severe asthma. The aim of this analysis is to investigate the efficacy of mepolizumab in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma and comorbidities. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis (GSK ID:209140) of data from the Phase IIb/III studies DREAM, MENSA, SIRIUS, and MUSCA. Patients aged ≥ 12 years with severe eosinophilic asthma were randomized to: mepolizumab 750, 250, or 75 mg intravenously or placebo (DREAM); mepolizumab 75 mg intravenously or 100 mg subcutaneously or placebo (MENSA); or mepolizumab 100 mg subcutaneously or placebo (SIRIUS and MUSCA) every 4 weeks for 24 weeks in SIRIUS and MUSCA, 32 weeks in MENSA or 52 weeks in DREAM. In this analysis the primary endpoint was the annual rate of clinically significant exacerbations; secondary endpoints were Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 score, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score, and pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s at study end. Subgroups were based on comorbidities at baseline. RESULTS Overall, 1878 patients received placebo (n = 689) or mepolizumab (n = 1189). Across all comorbidity subgroups mepolizumab reduced the rate of clinically significant exacerbations by 44-68% versus placebo, improved Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 score by 0.27-0.59 points, and improved St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score by 5.0-11.6 points. Pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s was improved by 27.1-286.9 mL in all but one comorbidity subgroup, the diabetes mellitus subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Mepolizumab reduces exacerbations, and improves asthma control, health-related quality of life, and lung function in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma despite comorbid conditions, including upper respiratory conditions, psychopathologies, cardiovascular conditions, gastroesophageal reflux disease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ DREAM, MEA112997/NCT01000506; MENSA, MEA115588/NCT01691521; SIRIUS, MEA115575/NCT01842607; MUSCA, 200862/NCT02281318.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter G Gibson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Charlene M Prazma
- Respiratory Medical Franchise, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. .,GSK, 5 Moore Drive, PO Box 13398, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-3398, USA.
| | - Geoffrey L Chupp
- Yale Center for Asthma and Airways Disease (YCAAD), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eric S Bradford
- Respiratory Therapeutic Area, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mark Forshag
- Respiratory Medical Franchise, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Steve W Yancey
- Respiratory Therapeutic Area, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Steven G Smith
- Respiratory Therapeutic Area, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Elisabeth H Bel
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Anaya-Loyola MA, García-Marín G, García-Gutiérrez DG, Castaño-Tostado E, Reynoso-Camacho R, López-Ramos JE, Enciso-Moreno JA, Pérez-Ramírez IF. A mango (Mangifera indica L.) juice by-product reduces gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tract infection symptoms in children. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109492. [PMID: 32846573 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of a mango juice by-product (JBP) on upper-respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infection symptoms in children (6-8 y) in a randomized, double-blind, parallel, case-control study. For two months, children drank either flavored water (control group) or a mango JBP-based beverage (0.04 g·ml-1; treatment group); such beverage provided 1.1 g, 278.6 mg and 7.8 mg of dietary fiber, extractable polyphenols (mono-to-hepta galloyl hexosides, mangiferin), and hydrolysable polyphenols (ellagic/gallic acid) per portion, respectively. Mango JBP reduced the incidence of gastrointestinal (flatulencies and abdominal inflammation; p ≤ 0.007) and upper-tract respiratory (crystalline mucus, itchy throat, runny nose, itchy nose, and sneezing; p ≤ 0.038) and such benefits were associated to increased serum levels of PAI-I, MIP-1a, and MIP-1b (p ≤ 0.04) and decreased levels of IgG, MIF, and osteopontin (p ≤ 0.01). We concluded that JBP-based beverage has immunomodulatory properties, useful to prevent or even treat common infectious diseases in school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A Anaya-Loyola
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan E López-Ramos
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, IMSS, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| | | | - Iza F Pérez-Ramírez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
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Anaya-Loyola MA, Enciso-Moreno JA, López-Ramos JE, García-Marín G, Orozco Álvarez MY, Vega-García AM, Mosqueda J, García-Gutiérrez DG, Keller D, Pérez-Ramírez IF. Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6068 decreases upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract symptoms in healthy Mexican scholar-aged children by modulating immune-related proteins. Food Res Int 2019; 125:108567. [PMID: 31554075 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This randomized, double-blind, parallel and placebo-controlled study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086® probiotic (GanedenBC30®) against upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and gastrointestinal tract infections (GITI) in eighty healthy school-aged children (6-8 years old). The participants received daily a sachet containing either GanedenBC30 (1 × 109 colony-forming units) or placebo (maltodextrin) for three months. GanedenBC30 significantly decreased the incidence of URTI symptoms including nasal congestion, bloody nasal mucus, itchy nose, and hoarseness. The duration of the URTI-associated symptoms of hoarseness, headache, red eyes, and fatigue was also decreased. GanedenBC30 supplementation also significantly reduced the incidence rate of flatulence. These beneficial effects were associated with the modulation of serum TNFα, CD163, G-CSF, ICAM-1, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-2, RAGE, uPAR, and PF4. Therefore, probiotic B. coagulans GBI-30, 6086 modulated immune-related proteins in healthy children, decreasing several URTI and GITI symptoms, thus, this functional ingredient may contribute to a healthier lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A Anaya-Loyola
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | | | - Juan E López-Ramos
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica de Zacatecas, IMSS, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| | | | - María Y Orozco Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Ana M Vega-García
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Juan Mosqueda
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | | | - D Keller
- Keller Consulting Group, Beachwood, OH, USA
| | - Iza F Pérez-Ramírez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
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Szyszkowicz M, Kousha T, Castner J, Dales R. Air pollution and emergency department visits for respiratory diseases: A multi-city case crossover study. Environ Res 2018; 163:263-269. [PMID: 29459308 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that ambient air pollution is a major risk factor for both acute and chronic respiratory disease exacerbations and emergencies. The objective of this study was to determine the association between ambient air pollutants and emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory conditions in nine districts across the province of Ontario in Canada. Health, air pollutant (PM2.5, NO2, O3, and SO2), and meteorological data were retrieved from April 2004 to December 2011. Respiratory diseases were categorized as: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, including bronchiectasis) and acute upper respiratory diseases. A case-crossover design was used to test the associations between ED visits and ambient air pollutants, stratified by sex and season. For COPD among males, positive results were observed for NO2 with lags of 3-6 days, for PM2.5 with lags 1-8, and for SO2 with lags of 4-8 days. For COPD among females, positive results were observed for O3 with lags 2-4 days, and for SO2 among lags of 3-6 days. For upper respiratory disease emergencies among males, positive results were observed for NO2 (lags 5-8 days), for O3, (lags 0-6 days), PM2.5 (all lags), and SO2 (lag 8), and among females, positive results were observed for NO2 for lag 8 days, for O3, PM2.5 among all lags. Our study provides evidence of the associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and increased risk of ED visits for upper and lower respiratory diseases in an environment where air pollutant concentrations are relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Termeh Kousha
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | | - Robert Dales
- Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada; University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Canada.
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O'Neill DG, Jackson C, Guy JH, Church DB, McGreevy PD, Thomson PC, Brodbelt DC. Epidemiological associations between brachycephaly and upper respiratory tract disorders in dogs attending veterinary practices in England. Canine Genet Epidemiol 2015; 2:10. [PMID: 26401338 PMCID: PMC4579368 DOI: 10.1186/s40575-015-0023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brachycephalic dog breeds are increasingly common. Canine brachycephaly has been associated with upper respiratory tract (URT) disorders but reliable prevalence data remain lacking. Using primary-care veterinary clinical data, this study aimed to report the prevalence and breed-type risk factors for URT disorders in dogs. Results The sampling frame included 170,812 dogs attending 96 primary-care veterinary clinics participating within the VetCompass Programme. Two hundred dogs were randomly selected from each of three extreme brachycephalic breed types (Bulldog, French Bulldog and Pug) and three common small-to medium sized breed types (moderate brachycephalic: Yorkshire Terrier and non-brachycephalic: Border Terrier and West Highland White Terrier). Information on all URT disorders recorded was extracted from individual patient records. Disorder prevalence was compared between groups using the chi-squared test or Fisher’s test, as appropriate. Risk factor analysis used multivariable logistic regression modelling. During the study, 83 (6.9 %) study dogs died. Extreme brachycephalic dogs (median longevity: 8.6 years, IQR: 2.4-10.8) were significantly younger at death than the moderate and non-brachycephalic group of dogs (median 12.7 years, IQR 11.1-15.0) (P < 0.001). A higher proportion of deaths in extreme brachycephalic breed types were associated with URT disorders (4/24 deaths, 16.7 %) compared with the moderate and non-brachycephalic group (0/59 deaths, 0.0 %) (P = 0.001). The prevalence of having at least one URT disorder in the extreme brachycephalic group was higher (22.0 %, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 18.0-26.0) than in the moderate and non-brachycephalic group (9.7 %, 95 % CI: 7.1-12.3, P < 0.001). The prevalence of URT disorders varied significantly by breed type: Bulldogs 19.5 %, French Bulldogs 20.0 %, Pugs 26.5 %, Border Terriers 9.0 %, West Highland White Terriers 7.0 % and Yorkshire Terriers 13.0 % (P < 0.001). After accounting for the effects of age, bodyweight, sex, neutering and insurance, extreme brachycephalic dogs had 3.5 times (95 % CI: 2.4-5.0, P < 0.001) the odds of at least one URT disorder compared with the moderate and non-brachycephalic group. Conclusions In summary, this study reports that URT disorders are commonly diagnosed in Bulldog, French Bulldog, Pug, Border Terrier, WHWT and Yorkshire Terrier dogs attending primary-care veterinary practices in England. The three extreme brachycephalic breed types (Bulldog, French Bulldog and Pug) were relatively short-lived and predisposed to URT disorders compared with three other small-to-medium size breed types that are commonly owned (moderate brachycephalic Yorkshire Terrier and non-brachycephalic: Border Terrier and WHWT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan G O'Neill
- The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Caitlin Jackson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jonathan H Guy
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - David B Church
- The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Paul D McGreevy
- Gunn Building (B19), Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter C Thomson
- Gunn Building (B19), Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dave C Brodbelt
- The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, UK
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