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Zhao Q, Qu X, Liu K, Shi H, Yang G, Zhou B, Zhu L, Zhang W, Yan Z, Liu R, Qian S, Wang J. Microwave ablation combined with attenuated Salmonella typhimurium for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in a rat model. Oncotarget 2017; 8:47655-47664. [PMID: 28498813 PMCID: PMC5564595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of microwave ablation (MWA) combined with attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain VNP20009 in treating hepatocellular carcinoma. Portions of tumor tissues were orthotopically implanted in the livers of 40 male rats weighed 150~200 g to establish tumor models. Three weeks later, the rats were randomly divided into four groups: (A) MWA plus VNP20009 group; (B) MWA group; (C) VNP20009 group; and (D) control group. Incomplete MWA was performed (20~30 W, 1~2 min) after the hepatic carcinoma was properly exposed. VNP20009 (about 1×107 cfu) was directly injected into the tumor immediately. MRI scans were performed to assess the tumor responses 7 and 14 days later, respectively. Micro CT was used to observe the lung metastases. After the animals were sacrificed or died, the tumors were cut off for the purpose of pathological and immunohistochemical analyses. The results showed that the mean tumor volumes of MWA plus VNP20009 group on the 7th and 14th day post treatment were obviously smaller than those of other groups (P < 0.05). Lung metastases rates were 20%, 60%, 30% and 100% in MWA plus VNP20009 group, MWA group, VNP20009 group and control group, respectively. The median survival of the rats in MWA plus VNP20009 group was distinctly longer than those in other groups (P < 0.05). In summary, MWA combined with VNP20009 produced better effects than MWA or VNP20009 alone in treating hepatic carcinoma. This strategy might have potential ability to decrease lung metastases and prolong the overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xudong Qu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huibin Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guowei Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhiping Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sheng Qian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Mehta N, Lyon JG, Patil K, Mokarram N, Kim C, Bellamkonda RV. Bacterial Carriers for Glioblastoma Therapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2016; 4:1-17. [PMID: 28345020 PMCID: PMC5363759 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of aggressive glioblastoma brain tumors is challenging, largely due to diffusion barriers preventing efficient drug dosing to tumors. To overcome these barriers, bacterial carriers that are actively motile and programmed to migrate and localize to tumor zones were designed. These carriers can induce apoptosis via hypoxia-controlled expression of a tumor suppressor protein p53 and a pro-apoptotic drug, Azurin. In a xenograft model of human glioblastoma in rats, bacterial carrier therapy conferred a significant survival benefit with 19% overall long-term survival of >100 days in treated animals relative to a median survival of 26 days in control untreated animals. Histological and proteomic analyses were performed to elucidate the safety and efficacy of these carriers, showing an absence of systemic toxicity and a restored neural environment in treated responders. In the treated non-responders, proteomic analysis revealed competing mechanisms of pro-apoptotic and drug-resistant activity. This bacterial carrier opens a versatile avenue to overcome diffusion barriers in glioblastoma by virtue of its active motility in extracellular space and can lead to tailored therapies via tumor-specific expression of tumoricidal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Mehta
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, UA Whitaker Building, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Johnathan G Lyon
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, UA Whitaker Building, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0271, USA
| | - Ketki Patil
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, UA Whitaker Building, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Nassir Mokarram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0271, USA
| | - Christine Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of Medicine, UA Whitaker Building, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ravi V Bellamkonda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0271, USA
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