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Liu X, Chen C, Lin Y, Liu Y, Cai S, Li D, Li L, Xiao P, Yi F. Withania somnifera root extract inhibits MGO-induced skin fibroblast cells dysfunction via ECM-integrin interaction. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 323:117699. [PMID: 38185262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, known as Ashwagandha, has long been used in traditional medicine in Ayurveda, India, a representative adaptogen. The main active constituents of W. somnifera are withanolides, and the root is often used as a medicine with a wide range of pharmacological activities, which can be used to treat insomnia, neurasthenia, diabetes mellitus and skin cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY Whole-component qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed on W. somnifera. We explored the ameliorative effect of the adaptogen representative plant W. somnifera on the senescence events of MGO-injured fibroblasts and its action mechanism and verified the hypotheses that WS can inhibit the accumulation of AGEs and regulate the dynamic balance among the components of the ECM by modulating the expression of integrin β1 receptor; as a result, WS maintains cellular behavioural and biological functions in a normal range and retards the aging of skin from the cellular level. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the components of WS were first qualitatively and quantitatively analysed by HPLC fingerprinting and LC-MS detection. Second, a model of MGO-induced injury of CML-overexpressing fibroblasts was established. ELISA was used to detect CML expression and the synthesis of key extracellular matrix ECM protein components COL1, FN1, LM5 and TNC synthesis; CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability; EDU was used to detect cell proliferation capacity; fluorescence was used to detect cell adhesion capacity; and migration assay were used to detect cell migration capacity; qRT-PCR was used to detect the regulatory pathway TGF-β1 and MMP-2, MMP-9 in ECMs; immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of ITGB1; and WB was used to detect the expression of COL1, FN1, LM5, Tnc, TGF-β1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and ITGB1. RESULTS In total, 27 active ingredients were analysed from WS, which mainly consisted of withanolide components, such as withaferin A and withanolide A. Based on the model of MGO-induced fibroblast senescence injury, WS significantly inhibited CML synthesis. By up-regulating the expression of integrin β1, it upregulated the expression of the TGF-β1 gene, which is closely related to the generation of ECMs, downregulated the expression of the MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes, which are closely related to the degradation of ECMs, maintained the dynamic balance of the four types of ECMs, and improved cell viability as well as proliferation, migration and adhesion abilities. CONCLUSIONS WS can prevent cellular behavioural dysfunction and delay skin ageing by reducing the accumulation of CML, upregulating the expression of the ITGB1 receptor, maintaining the normal function of ECM-integrin receptor interaction and preventing an imbalance between the production and degradation of protein components of ECMs. The findings reported in this study suggest that WS as a CML inhibitor can modulate ECM-integrin homeostasis and has great potential in the field of aging retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Chunyu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Yingying Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Hua An Tang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., No.13, Liuwei Street, Hualong Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511434, PR China
| | - Shaochun Cai
- Hua An Tang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., No.13, Liuwei Street, Hualong Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511434, PR China
| | - Dongcui Li
- Hua An Tang Biotech Group Co., Ltd., No.13, Liuwei Street, Hualong Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511434, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 151 Malianwa N, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Fan Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Institute of cosmetic regulatory science, Beijing Technology and Business University, No. 11, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, PR China.
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