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Kato Y, Ambale-Venkatesh B, Naveed M, Shitole SG, Peng Q, Levsky JM, Haramati LB, Ordovas K, Noworolski SM, Lee YJ, Kim RS, Lazar JM, Anastos K, Tien PC, Kaplan RC, Lima JAC, Kizer JR. HIV, HIV-specific Factors and Myocardial Disease in Women. Clin Infect Dis 2024:ciae077. [PMID: 38356158 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciae077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has documented higher myocardial fibrosis, inflammation and steatosis in PWH, but studies have mostly relied on healthy volunteers as comparators and focused on men. METHODS We investigated the associations of HIV and HIV-specific factors with CMR phenotypes in female participants enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study's New York and San Francisco sites. Primary phenotypes included myocardial native (n) T1 (fibro-inflammation), extracellular volume fraction (ECV, fibrosis) and triglyceride content (steatosis). Associations were evaluated with multivariable linear regression, and results pooled or meta-analyzed across centers. RESULTS Among 261 women with HIV (WWH, total n = 362), 76.2% had undetectable viremia at CMR. For the 82.8% receiving continuous antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the preceding 5 years, adherence was 51.7%, and 71.3% failed to achieve persistent viral suppression (42.2% with peak viral load < 200 cp/mL). Overall, WWH showed higher nT1 than women without HIV (WWOH) after full adjustment. This higher nT1 was more pronounced in those with antecedent or current viremia or nadir CD4+ count < 200 cells/μL, the latter also associated with higher ECV. WWH and current CD4+ count < 200 cells/μL had less cardiomyocyte steatosis. Cumulative exposure to specific ART showed no associations. CONCLUSIONS Compared with sociodemographically similar WWOH, WWH on ART exhibit higher myocardial fibro-inflammation, which is more prominent with unsuppressed viremia or CD4+ lymphopenia. These findings support the importance of improved ART adherence strategies, along with better understanding of latent infection, to mitigate cardiac end-organ damage in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Kato
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Mahim Naveed
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sanyog G Shitole
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Qi Peng
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Levsky
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Linda B Haramati
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Karen Ordovas
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan M Noworolski
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoo Jin Lee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ryung S Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jason M Lazar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Anastos
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Phyllis C Tien
- Section of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Qadri S, Holman S, Dehovitz J, Crystal H, Minkoff H, Lazar JM. Mean platelet volume is decreased in HIV-infected women. HIV Med 2013; 14:549-55. [PMID: 23738819 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HIV infection is associated with higher than expected cardiovascular event rates and lowered platelet counts. These conditions are associated with an elevation of mean platelet volume (MPV). The present study compared MPV in HIV-infected and uninfected women and identified factors influencing MPV values in HIV-infected women. METHODS A total of 234 HIV-infected and 134 HIV-uninfected participants from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) had MPV values obtained. HIV-infected women were older, were more likely to have diabetes and had higher triglyceride levels than HIV-uninfected women. RESULTS The mean platelet count was lower in HIV-infected vs. uninfected women [249 cells/μL (95% confidence interval (CI) 238, 259 cells/μL) vs. 276 cells/μL (95% CI 265, 287 cells/μL), respectively; P < 0.01]. Adjusted mean MPV values were lower in the HIV-infected than in the uninfected group [8.66 fL (95% CI 8.52, 8.79 fL) vs. 9.05 fL (95% CI 8.87, 9.24 fL), respectively]. In multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for other covariates, MPV was positively associated with platelet count, and negatively with HIV infection (model R² = 0.20; P < 0.01). In multiple regression analysis confined to HIV-infected women, a lower MPV was independently associated with a history of AIDS-defining illness (R² = 0.28; P = 0.03), but not with nadir CD4 count or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) use. CONCLUSIONS HIV-infected women had lower MPV values than uninfected women, suggesting impaired production rather than increased destruction. Higher than expected cardiovascular event rates cannot be attributed to greater platelet reactivity as measured by MPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Qadri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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