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Hayashi Y, Yamamoto Y, Murakami I. Micromorphological observation of HLE cells under knockdown of Fascin using LV-SEM. Med Mol Morphol 2023; 56:257-265. [PMID: 37526656 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00362-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Japan with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as the major histological subtype. Successful novel treatments for HCC have been reported; however, recurrences or metastasis may occur, which results in poor prognoses and high mortality of HCC patients. Fascin, an actin-bundling protein, regulates cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. Its overexpression positively correlates with poor prognosis of malignant tumors, and Fascin is considered as one of the tumor biomarkers and therapeutic target proteins. In this study, we attempted to reveal the relationship between Fascin and HCC using HLE, one of the human HCC cell lines. We performed the study with classical immunocytochemistry and recently developed techniques, such as wound-healing assay, spheroid cultivation, and low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LV-SEM). Non-Fascin-knockdown (FKD) cell spheroid had a regular spherical appearance with tight cell-cell connections, while FKD cell spheroid had an irregular shape with loose cell-cell connections. Cells of non-FKD spheroid presented fibrous protrusions on the cell surface, contrarily, cells of FKD spheroids showed bulbous-shaped protrusions. Morphological observation of FKD and non-FKD HLE spheroids were performed using LV-SEM. Our study may help to reveal the roles of Fascin in the process of HCC formation and its malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kochi University, 185-1, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
- Equipment of Support Planning Office, Kochi University, 185-1, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi University Hospital, Kochi University, 185-1, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Murakami
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kochi University, 185-1, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi University Hospital, Kochi University, 185-1, Kohasu, Oko-Cho, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
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Catanzano O, Gomez d'Ayala G, D'Agostino A, Di Lorenzo F, Schiraldi C, Malinconico M, Lanzetta R, Bonina F, Laurienzo P. PEG-crosslinked-chitosan hydrogel films for in situ delivery of Opuntia ficus-indica extract. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:117987. [PMID: 33910725 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, chitosan-based wound dressings loaded with the extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (OPU) were prepared. OPU is known for its capability to accelerate skin injury repair. Chitosan (Ch) was crosslinked with a low molecular weight diepoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) (diePEG), and hydrogel films with different Ch/PEG composition and OPU content were prepared by casting. The occurrence of crosslinking reaction was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR and DSC analysis suggested that ionic interactions occur between chitosan and OPU. Tensile tests evidenced that the crosslinking caused a decrease of Young's modulus, which approaches the value of the human skin modulus. Swelling characteristics, water vapor transmission rate, and release kinetics demonstrated that these films are adequate for the proposed application. Finally, a scratch test on a keratinocytes monolayer showed that the rate of cell migration in the presence of OPU-loaded samples is about 3-fold higher compared to unloaded films, confirming the repairing activity of OPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Catanzano
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - G Gomez d'Ayala
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - A D'Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - F Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - C Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - M Malinconico
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - R Lanzetta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - F Bonina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - P Laurienzo
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
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Krivosheeva IA, Filatova AY, Moshkovskii SA, Baranova AV, Skoblov MY. Analysis of candidate genes expected to be essential for melanoma surviving. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:488. [PMID: 33041669 PMCID: PMC7541296 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01584-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancers may be treated by selective targeting of the genes vital for their survival. A number of attempts have led to discovery of several genes essential for surviving of tumor cells of different types. In this work, we tried to analyze genes that were previously predicted to be essential for melanoma surviving. Here we present the results of transient siRNA-mediated knockdown of the four of such genes, namely, UNC45A, STK11IP, RHPN2 and ZNFX1, in melanoma cell line A375, then assayed the cells for their viability, proliferation and ability to migrate in vitro. In our study, the knockdown of the genes predicted as essential for melanoma survival does not lead to statistically significant changes in cell viability. On the other hand, for each of the studied genes, mobility assays showed that the knockdown of each of the target genes accelerates the speed of cells migrating. Possible explanation for such counterintuitive results may include insufficiency of the predicting computational models or the necessity of a multiplex knockdown of the genes. Aims To examine the hypothesis of essentiality of hypomutated genes for melanoma surviving we have performed knockdown of several genes in melanoma cell line and analyzed cell viability and their ability to migrate. Methods Knockdown was performed by siRNAs transfected by Metafectene PRO. The levels of mRNAs before and after knockdown were evaluated by RT-qPCR analysis. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed by MTT assay. Cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. Results The knockdown of the genes predicted as essential for melanoma survival does not lead to statistically significant changes in cell viability. On the other hand, for each of the studied genes, mobility assays showed that the knockdown of each of the target genes accelerates the speed of cells migrating. Conclusion Our results do not confirm initial hypothesis that the genes predicted essential for melanoma survival as a matter of fact support the survival of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Krivosheeva
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre of Medical Genetics, Erevanskaya Street, 10 building 2, Floor 44, Moscow, 115304 Russia
| | - Alexandra Yu Filatova
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre of Medical Genetics, Erevanskaya Street, 10 building 2, Floor 44, Moscow, 115304 Russia
| | - Sergei A Moshkovskii
- Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ancha V Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA USA.,Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre of Medical Genetics, Erevanskaya Street, 10 building 2, Floor 44, Moscow, 115304 Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Skoblov
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Research Centre of Medical Genetics, Erevanskaya Street, 10 building 2, Floor 44, Moscow, 115304 Russia
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Jalali S, Montazer M, Mahmoudi Rad M. Biologically active PET/polysaccharide-based nanofibers post-treated with selenium/Tragacanth Gum nanobiocomposites. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 251:117125. [PMID: 33142657 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based nanofibers from Tragacanth Gum (TG) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were post-treated with selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) and also stabilized with TG (SeNPs/TG). DLS, FE-SEM, EDX, TEM, and XRD were employed to verify the synthesis of Se NPs. The relatively narrow size distribution of SeNPs/TG showed through TEM and DLS investigations comparing with Se NPs. The Se NPs formation with and without TG was studied with FTIR confirmed the final stabilized solution due to the bonded hydroxyl groups of TG with Se NPs. Also, a relatively higher antioxidant reported on SeNPs/TG at 0.5-5 mg/mL using DPPH scavenging ability. The Se NPs and SeNPs/TG solutions specified remarkable inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans; however, no significant antibacterial activities observed on the treated nanofibers. Finally, the uniform migration of fibroblast cells in wound healing of the treated nanofibers with SeNPs/TG proved the value of the products in medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jalali
- Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Montazer
- Textile Engineering Department, Functional Fibrous Structures & Environmental Enhancement (FFSEE), Amirkabir Nanotechnology Research Institute (ANTRI), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Mahmoudi Rad
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pourali P, Yahyaei B. The healing property of a bioactive wound dressing prepared by the combination of bacterial cellulose (BC) and Zingiber officinale root aqueous extract in rats. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:59. [PMID: 30729083 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1588-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluconacetobacter xylinus was used for production of bacterial cellulose (BC). The obtained BC was washed and floated in the nontoxic dose of the herb aqueous extract that was obtained from the methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four separated groups and after inducing the wounds (15 mm in diameter), each group was treated with honey, BC, herb aqueous extract, and the combination of BC-herb aqueous extract. Each day the contraction percentages of the wound sites were measured. On days 3, 7, and 14, two rats from each group were euthanized, the skin samples from the wound regions were achieved and their paraffin blocks were prepared. Finally after trichrome staining, the microscopic examinations were done. MTT assay results indicated that the herb aqueous extract had dose-dependent toxic effects and the nontoxic dose of the extract was prepared and utilized for in vivo assay. Although the macroscopic analysis revealed that the BC and the herb aqueous extract had better activity in the wound contraction percentages than their combination, microscopic analysis indicated that the combination of BC-herb aqueous extract revealed all the characteristics that each material induced in the wound site alone. In conclusion, the speed of the wound healing should not be solely considered and its quality should be considered as well.
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Youn UJ, Sripisut T, Miklossy G, Turkson J, Laphookhieo S, Chang LC. Bioactive polyprenylated benzophenone derivatives from the fruits extracts of Garcinia xanthochymus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3760-3765. [PMID: 28729053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Two new polycyclic prenylated xanthones (1 and 2) and a new phenylpropanoid glycoside (3), along with seven known compounds (4-10) were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia xanthochymus. The structures were elucidated by 1D- and 2D-NMR, and HRMS experiments. The isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against the viability of U251MG glioblastoma and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells that harbor an aberrantly active signal transducer and exhibit activation of transcription 3 (STAT3), and compared to normal NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Among the isolates, compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6-9 inhibited the viability of glioma cancer cells with IC50 values in the range of 1.6-6.5μM. Furthermore, treatment of U251MG with 6 and 7 inhibited intracellular STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation and glioma cell migration in vitro, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ui Joung Youn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, United States; Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, KIOST, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Tawanun Sripisut
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Gabriella Miklossy
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States
| | - James Turkson
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720, United States.
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Abstract
Background As a key subunit of the exocyst complex, Exo70 has highly conserved sequence and is widely found in yeast, mammals, and plants. In yeast, Exo70 mediates the process of exocytosis and promotes anchoring and integration of vesicles with the plasma membrane. In mammalian cells, Exo70 is involved in maintaining cell morphology, cell migration, cell connection, mRNA splicing, and other physiological processes, as well as participating in exocytosis. However, Exo70’s function in mammalian cells has yet to be fully recognized. In this paper, the expression of Exo70 and its role in cell migration were studied in a rat vascular smooth muscle cell line A7r5. Methods Immunofluorescent analysis the expression of Exo70, α-actin, and tubulin in A7r5 cells showed a co-localization of Exo70 and α-actin, we treated the cells with cytochalasin B to depolymerize α-actin, in order to further confirm the co-localization of Exo70 and α-actin. We analyzed Exo70 co-localization with actin at the edge of migrating cells by wound-healing assay to establish whether Exo70 might play a role in cell migration. Next, we analyzed the migration and invasion ability of A7r5 cells before and after RNAi silencing through the wound healing assay and transwell assay. Results The mechanism of interaction between Exo70 and cytoskeleton can be clarified by the immunoprecipitation techniques and wound-healing assay. The results showed that Exo70 and α-actin were co-localized at the leading edge of migrating cells. The ability of A7r5 to undergo cell migration was decreased when Exo70 expression was silenced by RNAi. Reducing Exo70 expression in RNAi treated A7r5 cells significantly lowered the invasion and migration ability of these cells compared to the normal cells. These results indicate that Exo70 participates in the process of A7r5 cell migration. Conclusions This research is importance for the study on the pathological process of vascular intimal hyperplasia, since it provides a new research direction for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after balloon angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250014 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 People's Republic of China.,No.10 High School of Zibo, Zibo, 255000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 People's Republic of China
| | - Liguo An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology of Shandong, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 People's Republic of China
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