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Feng H, Li C, Zhou J, Zhang X, Tang S, Xu X, Song Z. Experimental and Theoretical Insights into the Effect of Dioldibenzoate Isomers on the Performance of Polypropylene Catalysts. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:559. [PMID: 38399937 PMCID: PMC10892235 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Experimental investigations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to study the comprehensive effect of different 3,5-heptanedioldibenzoate (HDDB) optical isomers as the internal electron donor on the catalytic performance of Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The experimental catalytic activity of HDDB has a positive correlation with the relative content of the mesomer incorporated during catalyst preparation, while the hydrogen response of HDDB displayed a negative correlation with the relative content of the mesomer. In order to apply the DFT calculation results to the macroscopic activity of the catalyst, the content of the active centers of the catalyst was analyzed. Assuming that the content of the active centers is proportional to the internal electron donor content of the catalyst, binary linear regression was carried out, which showed a good linear correlation between experimental activity data and internal electron donor content. Furthermore, the fitted activity of the single active centers aligned well with the calculated activation energies. These results revealed that the catalytic activity of polypropylene (PP) catalysts is dependent on both the active center content and the catalytic activity of an individual active center. Additionally, the lower hydrogen response of HDDB leads to a higher molecular weight of polypropylene obtained from the RS-containing catalyst compared to the SS-containing catalyst. Further study reveals that the hydrogen transfer reactions of 2,4-pentanediol dibenzoate (PDDB)/HDDB are influenced by the orientation of the methyl/ethyl groups in different isomers, which affect the activation energy differences between the hydrogen transfer reaction and the propylene insertion reaction, and finally influence the molecular weight of PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasheng Feng
- Division of Catalytic Science, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Changxiu Li
- Division of Polypropylene Research, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Junling Zhou
- Division of Polypropylene Research, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Division of Polypropylene Research, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Shuxuan Tang
- Division of Polypropylene Research, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Xiangya Xu
- Division of Catalytic Science, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Zhihui Song
- Division of Polyethylene Research, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
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Chammingkwan P, Khoshsefat M, Terano M, Taniike T. Parallel Catalyst Synthesis Protocol for Accelerating Heterogeneous Olefin Polymerization Research. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4729. [PMID: 38139980 PMCID: PMC10747057 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The data scientific approach has become an indispensable tool for capturing structure-performance relationships in complex systems, where the quantity and quality of data play a crucial role. In heterogeneous olefin polymerization research, the exhaustive and multi-step nature of Ziegler-Natta catalyst synthesis has long posed a bottleneck in synthetic throughput and data generation. In this contribution, a custom-designed 12-parallel reactor system and a catalyst synthesis protocol were developed to achieve the parallel synthesis of a magnesium ethoxide-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The established system, featuring a miniature reaction vessel with magnetically suspended stirring, allows for over a tenfold reduction in synthetic scale while ensuring the consistency and reliability of the synthesis. We demonstrate that the established protocol is highly efficient for the generation of a catalyst library with diverse compositions and physical features, holding promise as a foundation for the data-driven establishment of the structure-performance relationship in heterogeneous olefin polymerization catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patchanee Chammingkwan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan; (M.K.); (M.T.)
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Takasao G, Wada T, Thakur A, Chammingkwan P, Terano M, Taniike T. Dataset of energetically accessible structures of MgCl 2/TiCl 4 clusters for Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Data Brief 2020; 34:106654. [PMID: 33364274 PMCID: PMC7753921 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article provides a dataset of the energetically accessible structures including the most stable structures of xMgCl2/yTiCl4 nanoplates (x = 6-19, y = 0-4). TiCl4-capped MgCl2 nanoplates are regarded as the building block of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The most stable structures were determined for MgCl2/TiCl4 nanoplates of different sizes and chemical compositions using a combination of the genetic algorithm and the DFT geometry optimization. The evolution in the genetic algorithm produced a number of meta-stable structures. A set of isomeric structures having similar energy to the most stable structure (termed energetically accessible structures) are provided as realistic models of MgCl2/TiCl4 nanoplates. These structures are useful for further investigation on the structural distribution of Ti species on MgCl2 regarding the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentoku Takasao
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Toru Wada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.,DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Ashutosh Thakur
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Patchanee Chammingkwan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.,DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Minoru Terano
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.,DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Toshiaki Taniike
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.,DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Cui X, Bai Q, Ma K, Yang M, Liu B. MgCl₂-Supported Titanium Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Using Carbon Dioxide-Based Poly(propylene ether carbonate) Diols as Internal Electron Donor for 1-Butene Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E627. [PMID: 30965930 DOI: 10.3390/polym9110627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MgCl2-supported titanium Ziegler-Natta catalyst containing CO2-based poly(propylene ether carbonate) diols as a potential internal electron donor (IED) was synthesized and employed for 1-butene polymerization. When compared with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst using poly(polypropylene glycol) as IED, the catalyst prepared with poly(propylene ether carbonate) diols showed good particle morphology, higher activity and stereoselectivity. The results suggested that existence of the carbonate group within the structure of poly(propylene ether carbonate) diols truly plays an important role in improving the performance of the catalyst for the 1-butene polymerization.
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Shamiri A, Chakrabarti MH, Jahan S, Hussain MA, Kaminsky W, Aravind PV, Yehye WA. The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability. Materials (Basel) 2014; 7:5069-5108. [PMID: 28788120 PMCID: PMC5455813 DOI: 10.3390/ma7075069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
50 years ago, Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery of the catalytic polymerization of ethylene and propylene using titanium compounds and aluminum-alkyls as co-catalysts. Polyolefins have grown to become one of the biggest of all produced polymers. New metallocene/methylaluminoxane (MAO) catalysts open the possibility to synthesize polymers with highly defined microstructure, tacticity, and steroregularity, as well as long-chain branched, or blocky copolymers with excellent properties. This improvement in polymerization is possible due to the single active sites available on the metallocene catalysts in contrast to their traditional counterparts. Moreover, these catalysts, half titanocenes/MAO, zirconocenes, and other single site catalysts can control various important parameters, such as co-monomer distribution, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, molecular architecture, stereo-specificity, degree of linearity, and branching of the polymer. However, in most cases research in this area has reduced academia as olefin polymerization has seen significant advancements in the industries. Therefore, this paper aims to further motivate interest in polyolefin research in academia by highlighting promising and open areas for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shamiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed H Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Energy Futures Lab, Electrical Engineering Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Shah Jahan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Azlan Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Walter Kaminsky
- Institute for Technical, Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Purushothaman V Aravind
- Process and Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 44, 2628 CA Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Wageeh A Yehye
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCEN), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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