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Choi HJ, Choi DY, Lee JH, Kim JH, Kang YJ. First report and pathogenicity of Vibrio campbellii (VC AHPND) isolated in South Korea. J Fish Dis 2024; 47:e13928. [PMID: 38268102 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jae Choi
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University, Gunsan City, Jeonbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Da-Yeon Choi
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University, Gunsan City, Jeonbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Aquatic Animal Disease Control Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Busan City, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju City, South Korea
| | - Yue Jai Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University, Gunsan City, Jeonbuk-do, South Korea
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2
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Vandeputte M, Verhaeghe M, Willocx L, Bossier P, Vanrompay D. Bovine Lactoferrin and Hen Ovotransferrin Affect Virulence Factors of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND)-Inducing Vibrio parahaemolyticus Strains. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2912. [PMID: 38138056 PMCID: PMC10745944 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), a highly destructive shrimp disease, has inflicted severe setbacks on the shrimp farming industry worldwide. As the use of antibiotics is discouraged due to emerging antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the pollution of ecosystems, there is a pressing demand for novel, sustainable alternatives. Hence, the influence of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) and hen ovotransferrin (OT), two natural antimicrobial proteins, on the growth of three AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) strains (M0904, TW01 and PV1) was examined. Additionally, we explored their potential to affect selected Vp virulence factors such as biofilm formation, swimming and swarming, cell surface hydrophobicity, and activity of released lipases and caseinases. Lag phases of all bacterial growth curves were significantly prolonged in the presence of bLF or OT (1, 5 and 10 mg/mL), and bLF (5 and 10 mg/mL) completely inhibited growth of all strains. In addition, bLF or OT significantly reduced biofilm formation (all tested bLF and OT concentrations for Vp M0904 and Vp PV1), bacterial swimming motility (0.5 mg/mL bLF and OT for Vp M0904 and Vp TW01; 1 mg/mL bLF and OT for all strains), cell surface hydrophobicity (for all strains, all bLF and OT concentrations tested except for 0.125 mg/mL OT for Vp PV1) and lipase activity (1 mg/mL bLF and OT for all strains and 0.5 mg/mL bLF and OT for Vp PV1). These promising in vitro results suggest that bLF and/or OT might be used as novel agents for combating AHPND and warrant further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action to fully unlock their potential for AHPND disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Vandeputte
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.V.); (M.V.); (L.W.)
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Margaux Verhaeghe
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.V.); (M.V.); (L.W.)
| | - Lukas Willocx
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.V.); (M.V.); (L.W.)
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.V.); (M.V.); (L.W.)
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3
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Sun M, Yu Y, Li S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Li F. Integrated application of transcriptomics and metabolomics provides insights into acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. mSystems 2023; 8:e0006723. [PMID: 37358285 PMCID: PMC10469596 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00067-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has caused a huge economic loss to shrimp aquaculture. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VpAHPND) is regarded as a major causative agent of AHPND in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. However, knowledge about how shrimp resist to AHPND is very limited. In order to learn the molecular mechanisms underlying AHPND resistance of shrimp, comparison between disease-resistant family and susceptible family of L. vannamei were performed at transcriptional and metabolic levels. Integrated analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics on hepatopancreas of shrimp, the target tissue of VpAHPND, showed that significant differences existed between resistant family and susceptible family of shrimp. The susceptible family showed higher level of glycolysis, serine-glycine metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism, but lower level of betaine-homocysteine metabolism in the hepatopancreas in comparison with the resistant family without VpAHPND infection. Curiously, VpAHPND infection induced up-regulation of glycolysis, serine-glycine metabolism, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and pentose phosphate pathway, and down-regulation of betaine-homocysteine metabolism in resistant family. In addition, arachidonic acid metabolism and some immune pathways, like NF-κB and cAMP pathways, were up-regulated in the resistant family after VpAHPND infection. In contrast, amino acid catabolism boosted via PEPCK-mediated TCA cycle flux was activated in the susceptible family after VpAHPND infection. These differences in transcriptome and metabolome between resistant family and susceptible family might contribute to the resistance of shrimp to bacteria. IMPORTANCE Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VpAHPND) is a major aquatic pathogen causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and leads to a huge economic loss to shrimp aquaculture. Despite the recent development of controlling culture environment, disease resistant broodstock breeding is still a sustainable approach for aquatic disease control. Metabolic changes occurred during VpAHPND infection, but knowledge about the metabolism in resistance to AHPND is very limited. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed the basal metabolic differences exhibited between disease-resistant and susceptible shrimp. Amino acid catabolism might contribute to the pathogenesis of VpAHPND and arachidonic acid metabolism might be responsible for the resistance phenotype. This study will help to enlighten the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying shrimp resistance to AHPND. Also, the key genes and metabolites of amino acid and arachidonic acid pathway identified in this study will be applied for disease resistance improvement in the shrimp culture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shihao Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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4
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Zhang S, Van Haesebroeck J, Yang Q, Defoirdt T. Indole-3-acetic acid increases the survival of brine shrimp challenged with vibrios belonging to the Harveyi clade. J Fish Dis 2023; 46:477-486. [PMID: 36656658 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vibrios belonging to the Harveyi clade (including closely related species such as Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio parahaemolyticus) are important pathogens of aquatic organisms. In this study, we investigated the use of indole-3-acetic acid to control disease caused by Harveyi clade vibrios. Indole-3-acetic acid, which can be produced by various seaweeds and microalgae, was added to the rearing water of brine shrimp larvae challenged with 12 different Harveyi clade Vibrio strains. Indole-3-acetic acid significantly decreased the virulence of 10 of the strains without any effect on their growth. The latter is important as it will minimize the selective pressure for resistance development. The survival rate of brine shrimp larvae increased from 1.2-fold to 4.8-fold upon treatment with 400 μM indole-3-acetic acid. Additionally, indole-3-acetic acid significantly decreased the swimming motility in 10 of the strains and biofilm formation in eight of the strains. The mRNA levels of the pirA and pirB toxin genes were decreased to 46% and 42% by indole-3-acetic acid in the AHPND-causing strain V. parahaemolyticus M0904. Hence, our data demonstrate that indole-3-acetic acid has the potential to be an effective virulence inhibitor to control infections in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jana Van Haesebroeck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qian Yang
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Defoirdt
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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5
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Lin SJ, Huang JY, Le PT, Lee CT, Chang CC, Yang YY, Su EC, Lo CF, Wang HC. Expression of the AHPND Toxins PirA vp and PirB vp Is Regulated by Components of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus Quorum Sensing (QS) System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2889. [PMID: 35270031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp is caused by Vibrio strains that harbor a pVA1-like plasmid containing the pirA and pirB genes. It is also known that the production of the PirA and PirB proteins, which are the key factors that drive the observed symptoms of AHPND, can be influenced by environmental conditions and that this leads to changes in the virulence of the bacteria. However, to our knowledge, the mechanisms involved in regulating the expression of the pirA/pirB genes have not previously been investigated. In this study, we show that in the AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus 3HP strain, the pirAvp and pirBvp genes are highly expressed in the early log phase of the growth curve. Subsequently, the expression of the PirAvp and PirBvp proteins continues throughout the log phase. When we compared mutant strains with a deletion or substitution in two of the quorum sensing (QS) master regulators, luxO and/or opaR (luxOD47E, ΔopaR, ΔluxO, and ΔopaRΔluxO), our results suggested that expression of the pirAvp and pirBvp genes was related to the QS system, with luxO acting as a negative regulator of pirAvp and pirBvp without any mediation by opaRvp. In the promoter region of the pirAvp/pirBvp operon, we also identified a putative consensus binding site for the QS transcriptional regulator AphB. Real-time PCR further showed that aphBvp was negatively controlled by LuxOvp, and that its expression paralleled the expression patterns of pirAvp and pirBvp. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that AphBvp could bind to this predicted region, even though another QS transcriptional regulator, AphAvp, could not. Taken together, these findings suggest that the QS system may regulate pirAvp/pirBvp expression through AphBvp.
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Wang P, Ma C, Liao L, Yu J, Yi L, Qiao Y, Liu X, Gao S, Shen H, Lu Q. Simultaneous visual diagnosis of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection in shrimp with duplex recombinase polymerase amplification. J Fish Dis 2021; 44:1753-1763. [PMID: 34237791 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Shrimp is a globally popular seafood. Shrimp farming has been challenged by various infectious diseases that lead to significant economic losses. The prevention of two important shrimp infectious diseases, the acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and the Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) infection, is highly dependent on early and accurate diagnostic. On-site monitoring of the two diseases in shrimp farming facilities demands point-of-care-testing (POCT) type of diagnostic assays. This study established a duplex recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow dipstick (LFD) combined assay that could simultaneously diagnose the two diseases. The optimized RPA-LFD assay could finish the diagnostic in 35 min with good specificity, and the sensitivity reached 101 and 102 gene copies per reaction for EHP and AHPND, respectively, which were at the same level as the currently available molecular diagnostic assays. Test results of clinical samples showed 100% agreement of this assay with the industrial standard nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, and samples with both diseases were simultaneously identified. Because of the isothermal 37℃ amplification and the visual reading of the signal on dipsticks, the dependence on equipment is minimal. This duplex RPA-LFD assay is well suited for simultaneous POCT diagnostic of the two important shrimp infectious diseases. Moreover, the principle can be applied to multiplex POCT diagnostic of other infectious diseases in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Junwei Yu
- Ustar Biotechnologies (Hangzhou) Ltd, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longyu Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Qiao
- Jiangsu Institute of Oceanology and Marine Fisheries, Nantong, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Oceanology and Marine Fisheries, Nantong, China
| | - Qunwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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7
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Yang X, Dong Y, Ma C, Qiao Y, Jiang G, Chen S, Dong J, Shen H, Gao S. Establishment of a visualized isothermal nucleic acid amplification method for on-site diagnosis of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in shrimp farm. J Fish Dis 2021; 44:1293-1303. [PMID: 34041767 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is a significant deadly infectious disease in the shrimp farming industry, causing serious economic losses globally every year. Because of the rapid progress speed, lack of effective treatment and high mortality rate of AHPND, monitoring with frequent diagnostic tests is vital for a successful prevention. The conventional histopathological diagnosis fell far short of the requirement for efficient monitoring, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular diagnostic methods that rely on sophisticated thermocycler and trained personnel are hardly applicable in the field. Combining the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and the lateral flow strips (LFSs), a diagnostic method suitable for on-site everyday monitoring of AHPND has been established in this study. This RPA-LFS method targeted the binary toxic photorhabdus insect-related genes PirA and PirB on a virulence plasmid of the AHPND-causative Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. The diagnostic test was completed within 30 min at 37°C and showed good specificity and good sensitivity of 20 fg DNA of the AHPND shrimp or one colony-forming unit of the causative bacterium per reaction, which was better than the administration-approved standard AP4 assay. Crude templates from sample boiling could be directly used. Tests of clinical samples showed 100% consistency of this method with the standard AP4 assay. This RPA-LFS method can be a good choice for on-site diagnosis of AHPND with quick response time, easy procedure and low demand for resources, and should have significant value for the control of spreading of this dangerous disease in farmed shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hua Zhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yi Qiao
- Jiangsu Institute of Oceanology and Marine Fisheries, Nantong, China
| | - Ge Jiang
- Jiangsu Institute of Oceanology and Marine Fisheries, Nantong, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Oceanology and Marine Fisheries, Nantong, China
| | - Song Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
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Yang Q, Zou P, Cao Z, Wang Q, Fu S, Xie G, Huang J. QseC Inhibition as a Novel Antivirulence Strategy for the Prevention of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND)-Causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:594652. [PMID: 33553003 PMCID: PMC7859628 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.594652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus resulted in great economic losses in global shrimp aquaculture. There is an urgent need for development of novel strategies to combat AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus (Vp AHPND), given that one of the greatest challenges currently is the widespread use of antibiotics and subsequent emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, we proposed a broad-spectrum antivirulence approach targeting a conserved histidine kinase, QseC, which has been demonstrated to activate virulence expression in several Gram-negative pathogens. Our results showed that QseC mediated the catecholamine stimulated effects on growth and flagellar motility of Vp AHPND. Transcriptome analysis revealed that QseC was involved in the global regulation of the virulence of Vp AHPND as the ΔqseC mutant exhibited a decreased expression of genes related to type IV pilin, flagellar motility, and biofilm formation, while an overexpression of type VI secretion system and cell wall biosynthesis. Subsequently, the bacterial catecholamine receptor antagonist LED209 not only neutralized the stimulatory effects of host catecholamines on the growth and motility of Vp AHPND in vitro, but also attenuated the virulence of Vp AHPND towards brine shrimp larvae and white shrimp in vivo. Additionally, LED209 presented no interference with pathogen growth, nor the toxicity to the experimental animals. These results suggest that QseC can be an attractive antivirulence therapy target, and LED209 is a promising candidate for development of broad-spectrum antivirulence agents. This is the first study that demonstrated the role of QseC in the global regulation of Vp AHPND infection and demonstrated the antivirulence potential of LED209, which provides insight into the use of an antivirulence approach for targeting not only Vp AHPND, but also a much larger collection of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Peizhuo Zou
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingyao Wang
- College of Marine Science and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
| | - Songzhe Fu
- College of Marine Science and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian, China
| | - Guosi Xie
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Network of Aquaculture Centers in Asia-Pacific, Bangkok, Thailand
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9
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Aranguren Caro LF, Mai HN, Kanrar S, Cruz-Flores R, Dhar AK. A Mutant of Vibrio parahaemolyticus pirAB VP (+) That Carries Binary Toxin Genes but Does Not Cause Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1549. [PMID: 33049933 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying binary toxin genes, pirAB, is one of the etiological agents causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp. This disease has emerged recently as a major threat to shrimp aquaculture worldwide. During a routine PCR screening of AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strains, an isolate tested PCR positive for pirB (R13) and another isolate tested positive for both the pirA and pirB (R14) genes. To evaluate the pathogenicity of these isolates, specific pathogen-free (SPF) Penaeus vannamei were experimentally challenged. For both R13 and R14 isolates, the final survival rate was 100% at termination of the challenge, whereas the final survival with the AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus was 0%. The nucleotide sequence of the plasmid DNA carrying the binary toxin genes revealed that R13 contains a deletion of the entire pirA gene whereas R14 contains the entire coding regions of both pirA and pirB genes. However, R14 possesses an insertion upstream of the pirA gene. In R14, mRNA for both pirA and pirB genes could be detected but no cognate proteins. This shows that the genome of AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus is highly plastic and, therefore, detection of the pirA and pirB genes alone by DNA-PCR is insufficient as a diagnostic test for AHPND.
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10
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Wang HC, Lin SJ, Mohapatra A, Kumar R, Wang HC. A Review of the Functional Annotations of Important Genes in the AHPND-Causing pVA1 Plasmid. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E996. [PMID: 32635298 PMCID: PMC7409025 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is a lethal shrimp disease. The pathogenic agent of this disease is a special Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain that contains a pVA1 plasmid. The protein products of two toxin genes in pVA1, pirAvp and pirBvp, targeted the shrimp's hepatopancreatic cells and were identified as the major virulence factors. However, in addition to pirAvp and pirBvp, pVA1 also contains about ~90 other open-reading frames (ORFs), which may encode functional proteins. NCBI BLASTp annotations of the functional roles of 40 pVA1 genes reveal transposases, conjugation factors, and antirestriction proteins that are involved in horizontal gene transfer, plasmid transmission, and maintenance, as well as components of type II and III secretion systems that may facilitate the toxic effects of pVA1-containing Vibrio spp. There is also evidence of a post-segregational killing (PSK) system that would ensure that only pVA1 plasmid-containing bacteria could survive after segregation. Here, in this review, we assess the functional importance of these pVA1 genes and consider those which might be worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ching Wang
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (S.-J.L.); (R.K.)
| | - Shin-Jen Lin
- International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (S.-J.L.); (R.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Arpita Mohapatra
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Mits School of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751004, India
| | - Ramya Kumar
- International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (S.-J.L.); (R.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ching Wang
- International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; (S.-J.L.); (R.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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11
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Nakamura R, Pedrosa-Gerasmio IR, Alenton RRR, Nozaki R, Kondo H, Hirono I. Anti-PirA-like toxin immunoglobulin (IgY) in feeds passively immunizes shrimp against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease. J Fish Dis 2019; 42:1125-1132. [PMID: 31115066 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by a toxin-producing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain, has become a serious threat to shrimp aquaculture. The need to regulate antibiotic use prompted the development of alternative ways to treat infections in aquaculture including the use of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) for passive immunization. This study evaluated the protective effect of IgY against AHPND infection in Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). IgY was isolated from eggs laid by hens immunized with recombinant PirA-like (rPirA) and PirB-like (rPirB) toxins. Whole-egg powders having IgY specific to rPirA (anti-PirA-IgY) and rPirB (anti-PirB-IgY) and IgY from non-immunized hen (control-IgY) were mixed with basal diets at 20% concentrations and used to prefeed shrimp 3 days before the bacterial challenge test. Survival rates of the challenged shrimp fed the anti-PirA-IgY, anti-PirB-IgY and control-IgY diets were 86%, 14% and 0%, respectively. Only the feed containing anti-PirA-IgY protected shrimp against AHPND. Increasing the concentration of rPirA antigen to immunize hens and lowering the amount of egg powder in feeds to 10% consistently showed higher survival rates in shrimp fed with anti-PirA-IgY (87%) compared with the control (12%). These results confirm that addition of anti-PirA-IgY in feeds could be an effective prophylactic method against AHPND infection in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Nakamura
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ivane R Pedrosa-Gerasmio
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Marine Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Rod Russel R Alenton
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Nozaki
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuo Hirono
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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De Bodt J, Defoirdt T. Impact of the organic load on the efficacy of chlorine disinfection against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus. J Fish Dis 2018; 41:1609-1612. [PMID: 30039872 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana De Bodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Tom Defoirdt
- Department of Biotechnology, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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13
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Imaizumi K, Tinwongger S, Kondo H, Hirono I. Disinfection of an EMS/AHPND strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus using ozone nanobubbles. J Fish Dis 2018; 41:725-727. [PMID: 29399827 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Imaizumi
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Tinwongger
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Fisheries Kasetklang Chatuchak, Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Bureau, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - H Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Dong X, Bi D, Wang H, Zou P, Xie G, Wan X, Yang Q, Zhu Y, Chen M, Guo C, Liu Z, Wang W, Huang J. pirABvp -Bearing Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio campbellii Pathogens Isolated from the Same AHPND-Affected Pond Possess Highly Similar Pathogenic Plasmids. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1859. [PMID: 29051747 PMCID: PMC5633605 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is a severe shrimp disease originally shown to be caused by virulent strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND). Rare cases of AHPND caused by Vibrio species other than V. parahaemolyticus were reported. We compared an AHPND-causing V. campbellii (VCAHPND) and a VPAHPND isolate from the same AHPND-affected pond. Both strains are positive for the virulence genes pirABvp. Immersion challenge test with Litopenaeus vannamei indicated the two strains possessed similar pathogenicity. Complete genome comparison showed that the pirABvp-bearing plasmids in the two strains were highly homologous, and they both shared high homologies with plasmid pVA1, the reported pirABvp-bearing plasmid. Conjugation and DNA-uptake genes were found on the pVA1-type plasmids and the host chromosomes, respectively, which may facilitate the dissemination of pirABvp. Novel variations likely driven by ISVal1 in the genetic contexts of the pirABvp genes were found in the two strains. Moreover, the VCAHPND isolate additionally contains multiple antibiotic resistance genes, which may bring difficulties to control its future outbreak. The dissemination of the pirABvp in non-parahaemolyticus Vibrio also rises the concern of missing detection in industrial settings since the isolation method currently used mainly targeting V. parahaemolyticus. This study provides timely information for better understanding of the causes of AHPND and molecular epidemiology of pirABvp and also appeals for precautions to encounter the dissemination of the hazardous genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Dong
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Dexi Bi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Peizhuo Zou
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,College of fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guosi Xie
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wan
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China.,College of fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengcheng Guo
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Shanghai Majorbio Bio-pharm Biotechnology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
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15
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Boonyawiwat V, Patanasatienkul T, Kasornchandra J, Poolkhet C, Yaemkasem S, Hammell L, Davidson J. Impact of farm management on expression of early mortality syndrome/ acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (EMS/AHPND) on penaeid shrimp farms in Thailand. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:649-659. [PMID: 27594170 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Asian shrimp farming industry has experienced massive production losses due to a disease caused by toxins of Vibrio bacteria, known as early mortality syndrome/acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (EMS/AHPND) for the last 5 years. The disease can cause up to 100% cumulative pond mortality within a week. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with AHPND occurrence on shrimp farms. A case-control study was carried out on shrimp farms in four provinces of Thailand. Factors related to farm characteristics, farm management, pond and water preparation, feed management, post-larvae (PL) shrimp and stock management were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified factors affecting AHPND occurrence at the pond level. Chlorine treatment, reservoir availability, use of predator fish in the water preparation, culture of multiple shrimp species in one farm and increased PL stocking density contributed to an increased risk of AHPND infection, while delayed first day of feeding, polyculture and water ageing were likely to promote outbreak protection. Additionally, the source of PL was found to be associated with AHPND occurrence in shrimp ponds, which requires further study at the hatchery level. Identification of these factors will facilitate the development of effective control strategies for AHPND on shrimp farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Boonyawiwat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphangsaen, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, Centre for Veterinary and Epidemiological Research, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - T Patanasatienkul
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, Centre for Veterinary and Epidemiological Research, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - J Kasornchandra
- Expert Bureau Division, Department of Fisheries, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - C Poolkhet
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphangsaen, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - S Yaemkasem
- Rayong Coastal Aquaculture Research and Development Center, Department of Fisheries, Mueang, Rayong, Thailand
| | - L Hammell
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, Centre for Veterinary and Epidemiological Research, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - J Davidson
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, Centre for Veterinary and Epidemiological Research, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
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16
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Tinwongger S, Nochiri Y, Thawonsuwan J, Nozaki R, Kondo H, Awasthi SP, Hinenoya A, Yamasaki S, Hirono I. Virulence of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease PirAB-like relies on secreted proteins not on gene copy number. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1755-1765. [PMID: 27522063 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the virulence of the Vp_PirAB-like genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus- acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)-causing strain and the factors that are associated with the virulence level. METHODS AND RESULTS The virulence of Vp_PirAB-like was examined using a non-virulent strain FP11 of V. parahaemolyticus transformed with a plasmid harbouring Vp_PirAB-like genes and then it was used to challenge shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and Marsupenaeus japonicus. Both species experienced 100% mortality at 10 days post infection. Analysis of a mutant strain (E1M), that was originally identified as virulent strain (E1) but lost its virulence to L. vannamei, revealed that it lacked a part of the Vp_PirA-like gene and all of the Vp_PirB-like gene. The copy numbers of Vp_PirA-like and Vp_PirB-like genes varied among virulent strains and were not correlated with their virulence. In Western blotting, Vp_PirA-like and Vp_PirB-like proteins were detected in both the cell lysate and the culture supernatant. The strongest intensity of detecting band in the culture supernatant was observed in the strain that caused the highest mortality. The V. parahaemolyticus AHPND-causing strain, unlike the human tdh-positive strain, did not show any enterotoxicity. CONCLUSION Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND-causing strains secrete the Vp_PirA-like and Vp_PirB-like proteins during the growing phase. The amount of secreted proteins affects the shrimp mortality. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The secreted proteins of Vp_PirAB-like are key factors of virulence in the V. parahaemolyticus AHPND-causing strain, but not gene copy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tinwongger
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Division, Department of Fisheries Kasetklang Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Y Nochiri
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Thawonsuwan
- Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Division, Department of Fisheries, Coastal Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - R Nozaki
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S P Awasthi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Hinenoya
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Yamasaki
- Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - I Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Hong XP, Xu D, Zhuo Y, Liu HQ, Lu LQ. Identification and pathogenicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates and immune responses of Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei (Boone). J Fish Dis 2016; 39:1085-1097. [PMID: 26763100 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Five different Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains (SH8, SH108, SH58, AH5 and GD10) isolated from the hepatopancreas of moribund shrimp in farms of mainland China were identified and capable of inducing massive mortality of Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei. The immersion challenge results with five isolates indicated variance of virulence, while only GD10 caused massive sloughing of tubule epithelial cells which was recognized as the most significant symptom of AHPND. Differences in immune responses were detected of P. vannamei during 48 h post-infection (p.i.) by injection or immersion challenge with V. parahaemolyticus (SH8, SH108 and GD10) isolates. When injected SH8 and SH108 isolates, the expression of lysozyme (LSZ) showing statistically significant upregulation at 16 and 48 h p.i. and that of Toll-like receptors (TLR) showed statistically significant upregulation at 48 h p.i. When immersion challenge with the GD10 isolate, TLR were upregulated after 8 h p.i. challenge with 10(4) cfu mL(-1) ; however, LSZ was downregulated when challenged with 10(3) cfu mL(-1) . The results suggested that LSZ and TLR serve as crucial molecular markers of innate immunity in shrimp against V. parahaemolyticus infection. LSZ is a vital marker for acute bacterial infection, while TLR serves as a crucial marker for chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Hong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - D Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Q Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Q Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Koiwai K, Tinwongger S, Nozaki R, Kondo H, Hirono I. Detection of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:603-6. [PMID: 25988949 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Koiwai
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Tinwongger
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Fisheries Kasetklang Chatuchak, Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Bureau, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - R Nozaki
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Hirono
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Chonsin K, Matsuda S, Theethakaew C, Kodama T, Junjhon J, Suzuki Y, Suthienkul O, Iida T. Genetic diversity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from farmed Pacific white shrimp and ambient pond water affected by acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease outbreak in Thailand. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 363:fnv222. [PMID: 26590959 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an emerging shrimp disease that causes massive die-offs in farmed shrimps. Recent outbreaks of AHPND in Asia have been causing great losses for shrimp culture and have become a serious socioeconomic problem. The causative agent of AHPND is Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which is typically known to cause food-borne gastroenteritis in humans. However, there have been few reports of the epidemiology of V. parahaemolyticus AHPND strains, and the genetic relationship among AHPND strains is unclear. Here, we report the genetic characterization of V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from AHPND outbreaks in Thailand. We found eight isolates from AHPND-suspected shrimps and pond water that were positive for AHPND markers AP1 and AP2. PCR analysis confirmed that none of these eight AP-positive AHPND strains possesses the genes for the conventional virulence factors affecting to humans, such as thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH), TDH-related hemolysin (TRH) and type III secretion system 2. Phylogenetic analysis by multilocus sequence typing showed that the AHPND strains are genetically diverse, suggesting that AHPND strains were not derived from a single genetic lineage. Our study represents the first report of molecular epidemiology of AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus strains using multilocus sequence typing, and provides an insight into their evolutionary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaknokrat Chonsin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Shigeaki Matsuda
- Department of Bacterial Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chonchanok Theethakaew
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Toshio Kodama
- Department of Bacterial Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jiraphan Junjhon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Orasa Suthienkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Center of Ecohealth Education and Research, Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Rangsit Center, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand
| | - Tetsuya Iida
- Department of Bacterial Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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