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Paans NP, Korten N, Orhan M, Ensing A, Schouws SN, Kupka R, van Oppen P, Dols A. Is social functioning in older age patients with bipolar disorder associated with affective and/or non- affective cognition? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 37. [PMID: 34997778 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous research showed impairments in non-affective cognition, affective cognition, and social functioning in adult patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Only 37% of adult BD patients recovers in social functioning, and both aspects of cognition are important constructs of influence. The role of affective cognition in older age bipolar disorder (OABD) patients is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of our study was to examine the separate and combined effects of affective cognition and non-affective cognition on social functioning. METHODS The current study included 60 euthymic patients (aged >60) of the Dutch Older Bipolar Study. Affective cognition was measured by Theory of Mind and Emotion Recognition. Non-affective cognition was assessed through the measurements of attention, learning and memory, and executive functioning. Social functioning was examined through global social functioning, social participation, and meaningful contacts. The research questions were tested with linear and ordinal regression analyses. RESULTS Results showed a positive association of all non-affective cognitive domains with global social functioning. Associations between affective cognition and social functioning were non-significant. Results did show an interaction between non-affective and affective cognition. CONCLUSIONS Associations between non-affective cognition and social functioning were confirmed, associations between affective cognition and social function were not found. For generalizability, studies with a greater sample size are needed. Conducting additional research about OABD patients and affective cognition is important. It may lead to more insight in impairment and guide tailored treatment that focusses more on all aspects of recovery and the needs of OABD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Pg Paans
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Korten
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melis Orhan
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Ensing
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ralph Kupka
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Altrecht GGZ, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia van Oppen
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Dols
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Dam VH, Thystrup CK, Jensen PS, Bland AR, Mortensen EL, Elliott R, Sahakian BJ, Knudsen GM, Frokjaer VG, Stenbæk DS. Psychometric Properties and Validation of the EMOTICOM Test Battery in a Healthy Danish Population. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2660. [PMID: 31849772 PMCID: PMC6901831 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in hot cognition, i.e., the processing of emotionally salient information, are prevalent in most neuropsychiatric disorders and constitute a potential treatment target. EMOTICOM is the first comprehensive neuropsychological test battery developed specifically to assess hot cognition. The aim of the study was to validate and establish a Danish language version and reference data for the EMOTICOM test battery. To evaluate the psychometric properties of 11 EMOTICOM tasks, we collected data from 100 healthy Danish participants (50 males, 50 females) including retest data from 49 participants. We assessed test-retest reliability, floor and ceiling effects, task-intercorrelations, and correlations between task performance and relevant demographic and descriptive factors. We found that test-retest reliability varied from poor to excellent while some tasks exhibited floor or ceiling effects. Intercorrelations among EMOTICOM task outcomes were low, indicating that the tasks capture different cognitive constructs. EMOTICOM task performance was largely independent of age, sex, education, and IQ as well as current mood, personality, and self-reported motivation and diligence during task completion. Overall, many of the EMOTICOM tasks were found to be useful and objective measures of hot cognition although select tasks may benefit from modifications to avoid floor and ceiling effects in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke H. Dam
- Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christa K. Thystrup
- Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter S. Jensen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amy R. Bland
- Neuroscience and Psychiatric Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Erik L. Mortensen
- Department of Public Health and Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatric Unit, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara J. Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gitte M. Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibe G. Frokjaer
- Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dea S. Stenbæk
- Neurobiology Research Unit, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Miskowiak KW, Seeberg I, Kjaerstad HL, Burdick KE, Martinez-Aran A, Del Mar Bonnin C, Bowie CR, Carvalho AF, Gallagher P, Hasler G, Lafer B, López-Jaramillo C, Sumiyoshi T, McIntyre RS, Schaffer A, Porter RJ, Purdon S, Torres IJ, Yatham LN, Young AH, Kessing LV, Van Rheenen TE, Vieta E. Affective cognition in bipolar disorder: A systematic review by the ISBD targeting cognition task force. Bipolar Disord 2019; 21:686-719. [PMID: 31491048 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairments in affective cognition are part of the neurocognitive profile and possible treatment targets in bipolar disorder (BD), but the findings are heterogeneous. The International Society of Bipolar Disorder (ISBD) Targeting Cognition Task Force conducted a systematic review to (i) identify the most consistent findings in affective cognition in BD, and (ii) provide suggestions for affective cognitive domains for future study and meta-analyses. METHODS The review included original studies reporting behavioral measures of affective cognition in BD patients vs controls following the procedures of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Searches were conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychInfo from inception until November 2018. RESULTS A total of 106 articles were included (of which nine included data for several affective domains); 41 studies assessed emotional face processing; 23 studies investigated reactivity to emotional words and images; 3 investigated explicit emotion regulation; 17 assessed implicit emotion regulation; 31 assessed reward processing and affective decision making. In general, findings were inconsistent. The most consistent findings were trait-related difficulties in facial emotion recognition and implicit emotion regulation, and impairments in reward processing and affective decision making during mood episodes. Studies using eye-tracking and facial emotion analysis revealed subtle trait-related abnormalities in emotional reactivity. CONCLUSION The ISBD Task Force recommends facial expression recognition, implicit emotion regulation, and reward processing as domains for future research and meta-analyses. An important step to aid comparability between studies in the field would be to reach consensus on an affective cognition test battery for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla W Miskowiak
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Seeberg
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne L Kjaerstad
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katherine E Burdick
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anabel Martinez-Aran
- Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caterina Del Mar Bonnin
- Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andre F Carvalho
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Gregor Hasler
- Psychiatry Research Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Beny Lafer
- Bipolar Disorder Research Program, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos López-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Tomiki Sumiyoshi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ayal Schaffer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Richard J Porter
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Scot Purdon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ivan J Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lakshmi N Yatham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Allan H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lars V Kessing
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia.,Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Australia
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
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Gambarota F, Sessa P. Visual Working Memory for Faces and Facial Expressions as a Useful "Tool" for Understanding Social and Affective Cognition. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2392. [PMID: 31695663 PMCID: PMC6817943 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual working memory (VWM) is one of the most investigated cognitive systems functioning as a hub between low- and high-level processes. Remarkably, its role in human cognitive architecture makes it a stage of crucial importance for the study of socio-affective cognition, also in relation with psychopathology such as anxiety. Among socio-affective stimuli, faces occupy a place of first importance. How faces and facial expressions are encoded and maintained in VWM is the focus of this review. Within the main theoretical VWM models, we will review research comparing VWM representations of faces and of other classes of stimuli. We will further present previous work investigating if and how both static (i.e., ethnicity, trustworthiness and identity) and changeable (i.e., facial expressions) facial features are represented in VWM. Finally, we will examine research showing qualitative differences in VWM for face representations as a function of psychopathology and personality traits. The findings that we will review are not always coherent with each other, and for this reason we will highlight the main methodological differences as the main source of inconsistency. Finally, we will provide some suggestions for future research in this field in order to foster our understanding of representation of faces in VWM and its potential role in supporting socio-affective cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Gambarota
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Sessa
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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