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Zhang L, Khoo CS, Xiahou Z, Reddy N, Li Y, Lv J, Sun M, Fan H, Zhang X. Antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activities of extracts from Leonurus japonicus Houtt. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37066895 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2202544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Leonurus japonicus Houtt is an important anti-skin pigmentation herb used in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the molecular basis for this activity is complex and not fully understood. In this study, water and ethanol extracts and polysaccharide extract from L. japonicus (LJPs) were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD separately. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by using CCK-8, antioxidant activity using flow cytometer, anti-MMPs, anti-tyrosinase and signalling pathway analysis using Western blotting to investigate their anti-melanogenesis function. The results showed that the water and ethanol extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. The LJPs mainly contain glucose, fucose, glucuronic acid, mannose, threonine and arginine, and structure characterization by FITR analyses indicated that LJPs have β- or α-D-glycosidic bonds and contain pyranose rings. The L. japonicus extracts displayed high cell viability at their maximum concentration. The water extract and polysaccharides significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and exhibited a cytoprotective role. Also, these extracts displayed higher matrix metalloproteinase-2 (anti-MMP-2), anti-MMP-9 and anti-tyrosinase activities. Furthermore, the polysaccharides displayed significantly greater inhibitory effect on intracellular ROS and tyrosinase protein expression than α-arbutin and ursolic acid used for the clinical treatment of skin pigmentation. This study also investigated the polysaccharide inhibition of melanin synthesis by repressing the expression of melanocytic lineage-specific transcription factor (MITF) and melanogenic enzymes via modulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K-Akt-mTOR) and β-catenin pathways. The overall results indicate that L. japonicus is a promising candidate for anti-pigmentation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - ZhiKai Xiahou
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Narsimha Reddy
- School of Science, Parramatta Campus, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Instrument Management & Analysis, Beijing Institute for Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Lv
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meihe Sun
- Yuzhou Lianyun Technology Co. Ltd, Henan, China
| | - Heming Fan
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Instrument Management & Analysis, Beijing Port Drug Inspection Institute of The People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Drug Control, Beijing, China
- Beijing Center for Vaccine Control, Beijing, China
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