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Chen W, Wang W, Luong DX, Li JT, Granja V, Advincula PA, Ge C, Chyan Y, Yang K, Algozeeb WA, Higgs CF, Tour JM. Robust Superhydrophobic Surfaces via the Sand-In Method. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:35053-35063. [PMID: 35862236 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces have gained sustained attention because of their extensive applications in the fields of self-cleaning, anti-icing, and drag reduction systems. Water droplets must have large apparent contact angle (CA) (>150°) and small CA hysteresis (<10°) on these surfaces. However, previous research usually involves complex fabrication strategies to modify the surface wettability. It is also challenging to maintain the temporal and mechanical stability of the delicate surface textures. Here, we develop a one-step solvent-free sand-in method to fabricate robust superhydrophobic surfaces directly atop various substrates with an apparent CA up to ∼163.8° and hysteresis less than 5°. The water repellency can withstand 100 Scotch tape peeling tests and remain stable after being stored under ambient humid conditions in Houston, Texas, for 18 months or being heated at 130 °C in air for 24 h. The superhydrophobic surfaces have excellent anti-icing ability, including a ∼2.6× longer water freezing time and ∼40% smaller ice adhesion strength with the temperature as low as -35 °C. Since the surface layers are fabricated by sanding the substrates with the powder additives, the surface damage can be repaired by a direct re-sanding treatment with the same powder additives. Further sand-in condition screenings broaden surface wettability from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic. The sand-in method induces the surface modification and the formation of the tribofilm. Surface and materials characterizations reveal that both microstructures and nanoscale asperities of the tribofilms contribute to the robust superhydrophobic features of sanded surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Winston Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Duy Xuan Luong
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - John Tianci Li
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Victoria Granja
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Paul A Advincula
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chang Ge
- Applied Physics Programe, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Yieu Chyan
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kaichun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Civil Engineering Department, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Wala A Algozeeb
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - C Fred Higgs
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- NanoCarbon Center and the Welch Institute for Advanced Materials, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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