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Pouresmaeil V, Haghighi S, Raeisalsadati AS, Neamati A, Homayouni-Tabrizi M. The Anti-Breast Cancer Effects of Green-Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Carob Extracts. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:316-326. [PMID: 32698752 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200721132522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of nanoparticles synthesized by the green method to treat cancer is fairly recent. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity, apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects and the expression of involved genes, of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized with Carob extracts on different human breast cancer cell lines. METHODS ZnO-NPs were synthesized using the extracts of Carob and characterized with various analytical techniques. The MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells were treated at different times and concentrations of ZnO-NPs. The cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and anti-angiogenic effects were examined using a series of cellular assays. Expression of apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl2) and anti-angiogenic genes, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and its Receptor (VEGF-R) in cancer cells treated with ZnO-NPs were examined with Reverse Transcriptionquantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). The anti-oxidant activities of ZnO-NPs were evaluated by ABTS and DPPH assay. RESULTS Exposure of cells to ZnO-NPs resulted in a dose-dependent loss of cell viability. The IC50 values at 24, 48, and 72 hours were 125, 62.5, and 31.2μg/ml, respectively (p<0.001). ZnO-NPs treated cells showed, in fluorescent microscopy, that ZnO-NPs are able to upregulate apoptosis and RT-qPCR revealed the upregulation of Bax (p<0.001) and downregulation of Bcl-2 (p<0.05). ZnO-NPs increased VEGF gene expression while decreasing VEGF-R (p<0.001). The anti-oxidant effects of ZnO-NPs were higher than the control group and were dose-dependent (p<0.001). CONCLUSION ZnO-NPs synthetized using Carob extract have the ability to eliminate breast cancer cells and inhibit angiogenesis, therefore, they could be used as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghighi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Neamati
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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Ramamurthy J, Jayakumar ND. Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effect and cytotoxicity of ocimum sanctum intra oral gel for combating periodontal diseases. Bioinformation 2020; 16:1026-1032. [PMID: 34938002 PMCID: PMC8600197 DOI: 10.6026/973206300161026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of interest to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effect and cytotoxicity of Ocimum sanctum (an Indian herb, Thulsi) intra oral gel in combating periodontal diseases. Hence, 2% of O. sanctum gel was prepared with Carbopol940 soaked in purified water containing 0.2% w/v sodium benzoate overnight. Hydroxy proplyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) solution was mixed with propylene glycol using using tissue homogenizer. Anti-oxidant effect was analyzed using DPPH radical assay and anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using the inhibition of albumin denaturation assay. Ocimum sanctum gel with various dilutions from10 micro litres to 50 micro litres showed exponential increase in percentage of inhibition from 60.9 to 72.2 exhibiting antioxidant activity. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ocimum sanctum gel showed comparatively equivalent effect with standard diclofenac gel with values ranging from 76.6 for 50 micro liters of Ocimum sanctum gel and 89.6 for standard gel at 50 micro liters. Ocimum sanctum showed less toxicity towards brine shrimp nauplii. Thus we show that Ocimum sanctum gel showed potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect and less toxic to brine shrimp nauplii as a promising agent for the treatment of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaiganesh Ramamurthy
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Nadathur Duraisamy Jayakumar
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Logozzi M, Mizzoni D, Di Raimo R, Macchia D, Spada M, Fais S. Oral Administration of Fermented Papaya (FPP ®) Controls the Growth of a Murine Melanoma through the In Vivo Induction of a Natural Antioxidant Response. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E118. [PMID: 30669508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged oxidative stress may play a key role in tumor development. Antioxidant molecules are contained in many foods and seem to have a potential role in future anti-tumor strategies. Among the natural antioxidants the beneficial effect of Fermented Papaya (FPP®) is well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of orally administered FPP® in either the prevention or treatment of a murine model of melanoma. The tumor growth was analyzed together with the blood levels of both oxidants (ROS) and anti-oxidants (SOD-1 and GSH). The results showed that FPP® controlled tumor growth, reducing the tumor mass of about three to seven times vs. untreated mice. The most significant effect was obtained with sublingual administration of FPP® close to the inoculation of melanoma. At the time of the sacrifice none of mice treated with FPP® had metastases and the subcutaneous tumors were significantly smaller and amelanotic, compared to untreated mice. Moreover, the FPP® anti-tumor effect was consistent with the decrease of total ROS levels and the increase in the blood levels of GSH and SOD-1. This study shows that a potent anti-oxidant treatment through FPP® may contribute to both preventing and inhibiting tumors growth.
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Yamada S, Kimura M, Saito Y, Saito H. Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant effects contribute to suppression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in murine model. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2018; 63:123-128. [PMID: 30279623 PMCID: PMC6160730 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The exact mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma development in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis remain unclear. In this study, we used a new class of high-fat diet, which could induce hepatocellular carcinoma development without the use of general chemical carcinogens or knockout mice. We investigated the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma and oxidative stress/anti-oxidant effects after depletion of the gut microbiota by treatment with antibiotics. Mice fed with the steatohepatitis-inducing high-fat diet (STHD-01) for 41 weeks developed hepatocellular carcinoma. Antibiotic-treatment in mice fed with STHD-01 significantly depleted the gut microbiota and significantly ameliorated liver injury/histology. The tumor numbers of hepatocellular carcinoma were dramatically decreased by the antibiotics-treatment. We analyzed the factors involved in oxidative stress and anti-oxidant effects. Oxidative stress was elevated in mice fed with STHD-01, whereas some anti-oxidant factors were significantly elevated after antibiotics treatment. These results suggest that the gut microbiota is a key factor in improving oxidative stress induced by STHD-01 feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Yamada
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masaki Kimura
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetsugu Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Lin LT, Liu SY, Leu JD, Chang CY, Chiou SH, Lee TC, Lee YJ. Arsenic trioxide-mediated suppression of miR-182-5p is associated with potent anti-oxidant effects through up-regulation of SESN2. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16028-16042. [PMID: 29662624 PMCID: PMC5882315 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a traditional Chinese medicine that can induce oxidative stress for treatment of cancer cells. However, ATO may generate anti-oxidative responses to compromise the cytotoxic effect, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we found that ATO could inhibit miR-182-5p expression in patient-derived primary S1 glioblastoma (GBM) cells accompanied by up-regulation of Sestrin-2 (SESN2) mRNA, a known anti-oxidant molecule. This phenomenon was also detected in a U87MG glioma cell line, human lung adenocarcinoma H1299 cell line and A549 cell line. Pretreatment with a free radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduced the oxidative stress induced by ATO. Concomitantly, ATO mediated suppression of miR-182-5p and enhancement of SESN2 expression were also compromised. The MTT assay further showed that ATO induced cytotoxicity was enhanced by transfection of miR-182-5p mimics. Overexpression of miR-182-5p mimics significantly suppressed the expression of SENS2 and a firefly luciferase reporter gene fused to 3’- untranslated region (UTR) of SESN2 mRNA. Use of ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RNP-IP), ATO mediated suppression of miR-182-5p led to the stabilization of SESN2 mRNA as a result of Argonaute-2 (AGO2) dependent gene silencing. Furthermore, high expression of miR-182-5p and low expression of SESN2 mRNA tend to be associated with longer survival of glioma or lung cancer patients using public available gene expression datasets and online tools for prediction of clinical outcomes. Taken together, current data suggest that the miR-182-5p/SENS2 pathway is involved in ATO induced anti-oxidant responses, which may be important for the design of novel strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ting Lin
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Current address: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Shin-Yi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Der Leu
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Taipei City Hospital Ren Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Chang Lee
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center (BMIRC), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Maramaldi G, Togni S, Pagin I, Giacomelli L, Cattaneo R, Eggenhöffner R, Burastero SE. Soothing and anti-itch effect of quercetin phytosome in human subjects: a single-blind study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2016; 9:55-62. [PMID: 27013898 PMCID: PMC4777224 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s98890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the ability of quercetin, a natural antioxidant formulated in a specific delivery system, to reduce skin inflammation induced by a variety of stimuli, including UV radiation, stimulation with a histamine solution, or contact with chemical irritants. In particular, we tested the soothing and anti-itch effect of Quercevita(®), 1% cream for external use, a formulation characterized by a phospholipids-based delivery system. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was a monocentric, single blind trial that enrolled a group of 30 healthy volunteers. The back of each subject was examined to identify four quadrants with no previous skin damage or naevi that were treated in order to induce a controlled and reversible form of skin stress. The areas were treated as follows: no product; Quercevita(®) 1% cream, 2 mg/cm(2); placebo; positive control (a commercially available topical formulation containing 1% dexchlorpheniramine). RESULTS Only quercetin phospholipids 1% and dexchlorpheniramine 1% achieved a significant reduction in erythema with comparable results: (-10.05% [P=0.00329] for quercetin phospholipids 1% vs -14.05% [P=0.00046] for the positive control). Moreover, quercetin phospholipids 1% and dexchlorpheniramine 1% were both associated with a significant decrease in mean wheal diameter: (-13.25% and -12.23% for dexchlorpheniramine 1%, respectively). Similar findings were reported for the other tested parameters. CONCLUSION Quercetin has a skin protective effect against damage caused by a variety of insults, including UV radiation, histamine, or contact with toxic chemical compounds. Indeed, quercetin is able to reduce redness, itching, and inflammation of damaged skin; it may also help restore skin barrier function, increasing hydration, and reducing water loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luca Giacomelli
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Genova University, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Eggenhöffner
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Genova University, Genoa, Italy
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Malek HA, Shalaby A. The preventive effect of β3 adrenoceptor stimulation against experimentally induced reflux esophagitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 102:94-104. [PMID: 25804391 DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.102.2015.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A β3 adrenoceptor agonist plays an important regulatory role in stimulation of thermogenesis and lipolysis and it appears to have anti-ulcer and spasmolytic effects. So the present aim was to examine the effect of BRL 37344 (a selective B3 adrenoceptor agonist) on reflux esophagitis. METHODS Forty-eight rats were divided into twelve sham-operated with BRL 37344 and/or omeprazole with or without indomethacin. RE was induced in rats, then gastric acid output, pH, plasma nitric oxide (NO), esophageal PGE2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured and the esophageal injury was assessed by macroscopic damage score. RESULTS Pretreatment with BRL significantly increased plasma NO, GSH, decreased acid output, esophageal MDA and esophageal injury in comparison to pretreatment. In addition, there was a no significant increase in esophageal PGE2. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that BRL 37344 has an anti-oxidant protective effect in rats with RE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Abdel Malek
- Mansoura University, Faculty of Medicine Clinical Pharmacology Department Mansoura Egypt
| | - A Shalaby
- Mansoura University, Faculty of Medicine Clinical Pharmacology Department Mansoura Egypt
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