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Zheng W, Zhou L, Lin L, Cai Y, Sun H, Zhao L, Gao N, Yin R, Zhao J. Physicochemical Characteristics and Anticoagulant Activities of the Polysaccharides from Sea Cucumber Pattalus mollis. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E198. [PMID: 30934819 PMCID: PMC6521006 DOI: 10.3390/md17040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumbers possess distinct chemical structure and various biological activities. Herein, three types of polysaccharides were isolated and purified from Pattalus mollis, and their structures and bioactivities were analyzed. The fucosylated glycosaminoglycan (PmFG) had a CS-like backbone composed of the repeating units of {-4-d-GlcA-β-1,3-d-GalNAc4S6S-β-1-}, and branches of a sulfated α-l-Fuc (including Fuc2S4S, Fuc3S4S and Fuc4S with a molar ratio of 2:2.5:1) linked to O-3 of each d-GlcA. The fucan sulfate (PmFS) had a backbone consisting of a repetitively linked unit {-4-l-Fuc2S-α-1-}, and interestingly, every trisaccharide unit in its backbone was branched with a sulfated α-l-Fuc (Fuc4S or Fuc3S with a molar ratio of 4:1). Apart from the sulfated polysaccharides, two neutral glycans (PmNG-1 & -2) differing in molecular weight were also obtained and their structures were similar to animal glycogen. Anticoagulant assays indicated that PmFG and PmFS possessed strong APTT prolonging and intrinsic factor Xase inhibition activities, and the sulfated α-l-Fuc branches might contribute to the anticoagulant and anti-FXase activities of both PmFG and PmFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Lutan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lisha Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Huifang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Longyan Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Na Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ronghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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Yamada T, Kanda Y, Takayama M, Hashimoto A, Sugihara T, Satoh-Kubota A, Suzuki-Takanami E, Yano K, Iida S, Satoh M. Comparison of biological activities of human antithrombins with high-mannose or complex-type nonfucosylated N-linked oligosaccharides. Glycobiology 2016; 26:482-92. [PMID: 26747427 PMCID: PMC4813732 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure of the N-linked oligosaccharides attached to antithrombin (AT) has been shown to affect its anticoagulant activity and pharmacokinetics. Human AT has biantennary complex-type oligosaccharides with the unique feature of lacking a core fucose, which affects its biological activities by changing its heparin-binding affinity. In human plasma, AT circulates as a mixture of the α-form bearing four oligosaccharides and the β-form lacking an oligosaccharide at Asn135. However, it remains unclear how the immature high-mannose-type oligosaccharides produced by mammalian cells affect biological activities of AT. Here, we succeeded in directly comparing the activities between the high-mannose and complex types. Interestingly, although there were no substantial differences in thrombin inhibitory activity, the high-mannose type showed higher heparin-binding affinity. The anticoagulant activities were increased by heparin and correlated with the heparin-binding affinity, resulting in the strongest anticoagulant activity being displayed in the β-form with the high-mannose type. In pharmacokinetic profiling, the high-mannose type showed a much shorter plasma half-life than the complex type. The β-form was found to have a prolonged plasma half-life compared with the α-form for the high-mannose type; conversely, the α-form showed a longer half-life than the β-form for the complex-type. The present study highlights that AT physiological activities are strictly controlled not only by a core fucose at the reducing end but also by the high-mannose-type structures at the nonreducing end. The β-form with the immature high-mannose type appears to function as a more potent anticoagulant than the AT typically found in human plasma, once it emerges in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Yamada
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kanda
- Fuji Research Park, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Suntou-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Makoto Takayama
- Fuji Research Park, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Suntou-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Hashimoto
- Fuji Research Park, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Suntou-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sugihara
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Ai Satoh-Kubota
- Tokyo Research Park, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Machida-shi, Tokyo 194-8533, Japan
| | - Eri Suzuki-Takanami
- Tokyo Research Park, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Machida-shi, Tokyo 194-8533, Japan
| | | | - Shigeru Iida
- Tokyo Research Park, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Machida-shi, Tokyo 194-8533, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Satoh
- Immunology & Allergy R&D Unit, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8185, Japan
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