Retrospective Evaluation of Implants Placed in Iliac Crest Autografts and Pristine Bone

Objective: Iliac crest autografts can compensate for severe mandibular atrophy before implant placement. However, the implant success in the augmented bone is not entirely predictable. Here we performed a retrospective cohort study to determine the success and related parameters of implants placed in augmented bone and pristine bone for up to 11 years. Material and Methods: We analyzed 18 patients where 72 implants were placed six months after iliac crest transplantation and 19 patients where 76 implants were placed in pristine bone. The primary endpoint was implant loss. Secondary endpoints were the implant success, peri-implant bone loss, and the clinical parameters related to peri-implantitis. Moreover, we evaluated the oral-health-related quality of life (OHIP). Results: Within a mean follow-up of 5.8 ± 2.2 and 7.6 ± 2.8 years, six but no implants were lost when placed in augmented and pristine bone, respectively. Among those implants remaining in situ, 58% and 68% were rated as implant success (p = 0.09). A total of 11% and 16% of the implants placed in the augmented and the pristine bone were identified as peri-implantitis (p = 0.08). Bone loss was similar in both groups, with a mean of 2.95 ± 1.72 mm and 2.44 ± 0.76 mm. The mean OHIP scores were 16.36 ± 13.76 and 8.78 ± 7.21 in the augmentation and the control group, respectively (p = 0.35). Conclusions: Implants placed in iliac crest autografts have a higher risk for implant loss and lower implant success rates compared to those placed in the pristine bone.

Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant in Multiple Myeloma Patient With Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cell

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy with multiple complications such as recurrent bacterial infections, anemia, osteolytic lesions, bone marrow failure and decreased kidney function. In developed transplant center, the bone marrow transplant procedure is performed by the source of peripheral blood stem cells. Apheresis machine which is not always available in all Haematology and Oncology Centre in Indonesia, is required for harvesting stem cell from PBSC (peripheral blood stem cell). There are only a few reports on marrow-derived stem cells transplant from BM with a 24-hour storage in multiple myeloma cases. We report two cases with non-secretory myeloma stage III and IgG myeloma stage II (International Staging System). Both patients were treated with induction regimens CyBord until a complete remission. Once remission was achieved, an autologous bone marrow transplant procedures were performed. The source of haematopietic stem cells (HSCs) were harvested from bone marrow and stored for 24 hours at a temperature of 4◦ C. The complications were neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, mucositis, diarrhea, hair loss, and skin darkness. The HSCs grew well on day 12 and 23. After treatment in the isolation room, the patient's condition improved and the patients were discharged.

Comparison of the effect of three autogenous bone harvesting methods on cell viability in rabbits

Background. This study was designed to compare the viability of autogenous bone grafts, harvested using different methods, in order to determine the best harvesting technique with respect to more viable cells.

Methods. In this animal experimental study, three harvesting methods, including manual instrument (chisel), rotary device and piezosurgery, were used for harvesting bone grafts from the lateral body of the mandible on the left and right sides of 10 rabbits. In each group, 20 bone samples were collected and their viability was assessed using MTS kit. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests, were used for evaluating significant differences between the groups.

Results. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences between all the groups (P=0.000). Data analysis using post hoc Tukey tests indicated that manual instrument and piezosurgery had no significant differences with regard to cell viability (P=0.749) and the cell viability in both groups was higher than that with the use of a rotary instrument (P=0.000).

Conclusion. Autogenous bone grafts harvested with a manual instrument and piezosurgery had more viable cells in comparison to the bone chips harvested with a rotary device.

The Thermogenic Circuit: Regulators of Thermogenic Competency and Differentiation

In mammals, a thermogenic mechanism exists that increases heat production and consumes energy. Recent work has shed light on the cellular and physiological mechanisms that control this thermogenic circuit. Thermogenically active adipocytes, namely brown and closely related beige adipocytes, differentiate from progenitor cells that commit to the thermogenic lineage but can arise from different cellular origins. Thermogenic differentiation shares some features with general adipogenesis, highlighting the critical role that common transcription factors may play in progenitors with divergent fates. However, thermogenic differentiation is also discrete from the common adipogenic program and, excitingly, cells with distinct origins possess thermogenic competency that allows them to differentiate into thermogenically active mature adipocytes. An understanding of this thermogenic differentiation program and the factors that can activate it has led to the development of assays that are able to measure thermogenic activity both indirectly and directly. By combining these assays with appropriate cell models, novel therapeutic approaches to combat obesity and its related metabolic disorders by enhancing the thermogenic circuit can be developed.