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Campanella C, Byun K, Senerat A, Li L, Zhang R, Aristizabal S, Porter P, Bauer B. The Efficacy of a Multimodal Bedroom-Based 'Smart' Alarm System on Mitigating the Effects of Sleep Inertia. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:183-199. [PMID: 38534801 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated the modest impact of environmental interventions that manipulate lighting, sound, or temperature on sleep inertia symptoms. The current study sought to expand on previous work and measure the impact of a multimodal intervention that collectively manipulated light, sound, and ambient temperature on sleep inertia. Participants slept in the lab for four nights and were awoken each morning by either a traditional alarm clock or the multimodal intervention. Feelings of sleep inertia were measured each morning through Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) assessments and ratings of sleepiness and mood at five time-points. While there was little overall impact of the intervention, the participant's chronotype and the length of the lighting exposure on intervention mornings both influenced sleep inertia symptoms. Moderate evening types who received a shorter lighting exposure (≤15 min) demonstrated more lapses relative to the control condition, whereas intermediate types exhibited a better response speed and fewer lapses. Conversely, moderate evening types who experienced a longer light exposure (>15 min) during the intervention exhibited fewer false alarms over time. The results suggest that the length of the environmental intervention may play a role in mitigating feelings of sleep inertia, particularly for groups who might exhibit stronger feelings of sleep inertia, including evening types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Campanella
- Delos Living LLC, New York, NY 10014, USA
- Well Living Lab, Inc., Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Kunjoon Byun
- Delos Living LLC, New York, NY 10014, USA
- Well Living Lab, Inc., Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Araliya Senerat
- Well Living Lab, Inc., Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- International Society for Urban Health, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Linhao Li
- Delos Living LLC, New York, NY 10014, USA
- Well Living Lab, Inc., Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | | | - Sara Aristizabal
- Delos Living LLC, New York, NY 10014, USA
- Well Living Lab, Inc., Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Paige Porter
- Well Living Lab, Inc., Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brent Bauer
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Zanen LA, Kusters JG, Overgaauw PAM. Zoonotic Risks of Sleeping with Pets. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101149. [PMID: 36297206 PMCID: PMC9606909 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pets are increasingly becoming part of the family and interactions between pets and their owners is changing. This results in extended and more intimate contact between owners and their pets, which give rise to zoonotic risks. Objective: To establish the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens in pets that sleep with their owner. Methods: As a pilot study, a group of 28 healthy dogs and 22 healthy cats were monitored for the presence of the zoonotic parasites Cheyletiella, Ctenocephalides spp. and Toxocara spp., the dermatophyte Microsporum canis, and the bacteria Clostridium difficile, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni and Enterobacteriaceae. This was investigated by taking samples from the fur, the footpads and the animal bed. The owners filled in a questionnaire. Results: In total, 29 of the 50 pets (58%) slept on the bed, of which 15 pets (30%) slept in the bed (under the blankets). A total of 19/22 dogs (86%) and 7/22 cats (32%) tested positive for Enterobacteriaceae on the fur or footpads. Fleas were found in 5/22 of the cats’ (23%) and 2/28 of the dogs’ (7%) favourite sleeping spots. High levels of aerobic colonies were found, up to 216 colony forming units/cm2. Other pathogens were not found in this study. Conclusions: The results of this preliminary study confirm literature reports that pets may constitute a potential risk in the transmission of zoonotic pathogens to their owner, especially during direct contact when sleeping in the same bed. Owners should therefore be informed about these risks and educated to interact with their pets in a more responsible way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie A. Zanen
- Department Population Health Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G. Kusters
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A. M. Overgaauw
- Department Population Health Sciences, Division of Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80178, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Desjardins S, Lapierre S, Vasiliadis HM, Hudon C. Evaluation of the Effects of an Intervention Intended to Optimize the Sleep Environment Among the Elderly: An Exploratory Study. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:2117-2127. [PMID: 33204077 PMCID: PMC7665518 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s277252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this exploratory study was to evaluate the effects of a brief intervention intended to optimize the sleep environment in older people living in the community and to examine the way these effects change over time. Methods The sample was made up of 44 participants (19 men and 25 women) aged 65-85 years, with a mean age of 71.4. The intervention consisted in a group training session that covered the reasons for and ways to ("why" and "how") optimize a sleep environment. It comprises six themes: air quality and odors, luminosity, noises and sounds, comfort of the mattress, comfort of the pillow, and temperature. Participants completed a set of questionnaires before the intervention, and one month and four months later. Results Four months after the intervention, the replies to the questionnaires showed that the participants experienced reduced severity of insomnia, sleep latency and anxiety. The subjective quality of the participants' sleep along with their sleep efficacy also increased significantly during the same period. Conclusion A brief intervention intended to optimize the sleep environment appears promising as an addition or alternative to the two other sleep improvement options generally offered to older people: medication and cognitive behavioral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Desjardins
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lapierre
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Québec, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Cérèse F. [Architecture and intimacy: Reflections for institutional living places]. Soins Gerontol 2020; 25:25-28. [PMID: 32792238 DOI: 10.1016/j.sger.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A reflection can be carried out on intimacy within private areas in institutions. An analysis of the concepts that currently underpin the architectural design of rooms in health and medico-social institutions helps to understand the reasons why privacy and a sense of home are often undermined. A sensitive approach makes it possible to explore people's lived experiences and to propose avenues for reflection to improve living conditions in institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fany Cérèse
- Atelier AA, 7 rue du Commerce, 34000 Montpellier, France.
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Hou J, Sun Y, Chen Q, Cheng R, Liu J, Shen X, Tan H, Yin H, Huang K, Gao Y, Dai X, Zhang L, Liu B, Sundell J. Air change rates in urban Chinese bedrooms. Indoor Air 2019; 29:828-839. [PMID: 31230391 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ventilation modalities in most Chinese residences are infiltration and opening windows. We measured infiltration rates and air change rates at night, with no attempt to change occupants' behaviors, of urban residences in five climate zones of China during four seasons. Using the CO2 decay method, we found the median infiltration rate for 294 residences to be 0.34 h-1 . Using occupant-generated CO2 as tracer gas, we determined air change rates over the course of 1 year in 46 bedrooms at night from mass balance considerations. In 54% of the measurements, windows were closed, so ventilation was only by infiltration. Windows were mainly closed when the outdoor temperature was below 15°C and above 26°C. The median infiltration rates did not differ appreciably among seasons and climate zones and were always less than 0.45 h-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuexia Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Rongsai Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiong Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongwei Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiguo Yin
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Kailiang Huang
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Xilei Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Leiming Zhang
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Jan Sundell
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Mishra AK, van Ruitenbeek AM, Loomans MGLC, Kort HSM. Window/door opening-mediated bedroom ventilation and its impact on sleep quality of healthy, young adults. Indoor Air 2018; 28:339-351. [PMID: 29164702 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work examined window/door opening as means of bedroom ventilation and the consequent effect upon occupants' sleep, using data from 17 healthy volunteers. Bedroom CO2 level, temperature, and relative humidity were measured over 5 days, for two cases: open window or door (internal, bedroom door), and closed window and door. Participant filled questionnaires and sleep diary provided subjective measure of sleep quality. Actigraphy objectively monitored the participants during sleep. Additionally, a FlexSensor, placed under pillows of participants, detected movement during sleep. Average CO2 level for the Open conditions was 717 ppm (SD = 197 ppm) and for Closed conditions was 1150 ppm (SD = 463 ppm). Absolute humidity levels were similar for both conditions, while Open conditions were slightly cooler (mean = 19.7°C, SD = 1.8°C) than Closed (mean = 20.1°C, SD = 1.5°C). Results showed significant correlations (P < .001) between actigraphy data and questionnaire responses for: sleep latency (r = .45), sleep length (r = .87), and number of awakenings (r = .28). Of all analyzed sleep parameters, questionnaire-based depth of sleep (P = .002) and actigraphy-based sleep phase (P = .003) were significantly different between Open and Closed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- Department of the Built Environment, Unit Building Physics and Services, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A M van Ruitenbeek
- Department of the Built Environment, Unit Building Physics and Services, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M G L C Loomans
- Department of the Built Environment, Unit Building Physics and Services, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - H S M Kort
- Department of the Built Environment, Unit Building Physics and Services, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Research Centre for Innovations in Health Care, Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lan L, Qian XL, Lian ZW, Lin YB. Local body cooling to improve sleep quality and thermal comfort in a hot environment. Indoor Air 2018; 28:135-145. [PMID: 28960513 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of local body cooling on thermal comfort and sleep quality in a hot environment were investigated in an experiment with 16 male subjects. Sleep quality was evaluated subjectively, using questionnaires completed in the morning, and objectively, by analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals that were continuously monitored during the sleeping period. Compared with no cooling, the largest improvement in thermal comfort and sleep quality was observed when the back and head (neck) were both cooled at a room temperature of 32°C. Back cooling alone also improved thermal comfort and sleep quality, although the effects were less than when cooling both back and head (neck). Mean sleep efficiency was improved from 84.6% in the no cooling condition to 95.3% and 92.8%, respectively, in these conditions, indicating good sleep quality. Head (neck) cooling alone slightly improved thermal comfort and subjective sleep quality and increased Stage N3 sleep, but did not otherwise improve sleep quality. The results show that local cooling applied to large body sections (back and head) could effectively maintain good sleep and improve thermal comfort in a hot environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lan
- Department of Architecture, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - X L Qian
- Department of Architecture, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z W Lian
- Department of Architecture, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean & Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y B Lin
- The Third Shanghai People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Spörrle M, Stich J. Sleeping in safe places: an experimental investigation of human sleeping place preferences from an evolutionary perspective. Evol Psychol 2010; 8:405-19. [PMID: 22947809 PMCID: PMC10426856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although humans spend a third of their life asleep, their choice of sleeping places has so far been little investigated both theoretically and empirically. We address this issue from the perspective of evolutionary psychology. Our basic assumption is that humans have an evolved preference for safe sleeping places, that is, those that promise protection against potential aggressors and nighttime predation. Several testable predictions were derived from this assumption concerning the preferred location of the bed in a sleeping room. Specifically, we predicted that people prefer sleeping places that allow them to view the entrances to the sleeping room (doors and windows) from a distance while remaining concealed from the entrances themselves. To test these hypotheses, 138 participants were asked to arrange a bed and other pieces of furniture on floor plans that were experimentally manipulated with respect to the direction in which the door opened and the presence of a window. In agreement with predictions, participants predominantly positioned the bed in a way that (a) allowed them to see the door, (b) was as distant as possible from the door, and (c) was on the side of the room toward which the door opened. In addition, the positioning of the bed was influenced as predicted by the presence of a window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Spörrle
- Department of Psychology, University of Munich, General Psychology II, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802 München, Germany.
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