De Mario A, Tosatto A, Hill JM, Kriston-Vizi J, Ketteler R, Vecellio Reane D, Cortopassi G, Szabadkai G, Rizzuto R, Mammucari C. Identification and functional validation of FDA-approved positive and negative modulators of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.
Cell Rep 2021;
35:109275. [PMID:
34161774 PMCID:
PMC8242467 DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109275]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), the highly selective channel responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ entry, plays important roles in physiology and pathology. However, only few pharmacological compounds directly and selectively modulate its activity. Here, we perform high-throughput screening on a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library comprising 1,600 compounds to identify molecules modulating mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. We find amorolfine and benzethonium to be positive and negative MCU modulators, respectively. In agreement with the positive effect of MCU in muscle trophism, amorolfine increases muscle size, and MCU silencing is sufficient to blunt amorolfine-induced hypertrophy. Conversely, in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, benzethonium delays cell growth and migration in an MCU-dependent manner and protects from ceramide-induced apoptosis, in line with the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in cancer progression. Overall, we identify amorolfine and benzethonium as effective MCU-targeting drugs applicable to a wide array of experimental and disease conditions.
We screen an FDA-approved drug library for mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake modulators
Amorolfine and benzethonium modulate MCU activity
Amorolfine increases MCU-dependent mitochondrial metabolism and muscle size
Benzethonium decreases MCU-dependent cancer cell growth and migration
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