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Geng B, Zeng H, Luo H, Wu X. Construction of Wearable Touch Sensors by Mimicking the Properties of Materials and Structures in Nature. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:372. [PMID: 37622977 PMCID: PMC10452172 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable touch sensors, which can convert force or pressure signals into quantitative electronic signals, have emerged as essential smart sensing devices and play an important role in various cutting-edge fields, including wearable health monitoring, soft robots, electronic skin, artificial prosthetics, AR/VR, and the Internet of Things. Flexible touch sensors have made significant advancements, while the construction of novel touch sensors by mimicking the unique properties of biological materials and biogenetic structures always remains a hot research topic and significant technological pathway. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the research status of wearable touch sensors constructed by imitating the material and structural characteristics in nature and summarizes the scientific challenges and development tendencies of this aspect. First, the research status for constructing flexible touch sensors based on biomimetic materials is summarized, including hydrogel materials, self-healing materials, and other bio-inspired or biomimetic materials with extraordinary properties. Then, the design and fabrication of flexible touch sensors based on bionic structures for performance enhancement are fully discussed. These bionic structures include special structures in plants, special structures in insects/animals, and special structures in the human body. Moreover, a summary of the current issues and future prospects for developing wearable sensors based on bio-inspired materials and structures is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hua Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Qian X, Shen Y, Zhang LJ, Guo M, Cai XY, Lu Y, Liu H, Zhang YF, Tang Y, Chen L, Tang Y, Wang J, Zhou W, Gao X, Mao H, Li Y, Tang JX, Lee ST. Bio-Inspired Pangolin Design for Self-Healable Flexible Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Nano 2022; 16:17973-17981. [PMID: 36190790 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite tremendous developments in the luminescene performance of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), the brittle nature of perovskite crystals and their poor crystallinity on flexible substrates inevitably lead to inferior performance. Inspired by pangolins' combination of rigid scales and soft flesh, we propose a bionic structure design for self-healing flexible PeLEDs by employing a polymer-assisted crystal regulation method with a soft elastomer of diphenylmethane diisocyanate polyurethane (MDI-PU). The crystallinity and flexural strain resistance of such perovskite films on plastics with silver-nanowire-based flexible transparent electrodes are highly enhanced. The detrimental cracks induced during repeated deformation can be effectively self-healed under heat treatment via intramolecular/intermolecular hydrogen bonds with MDI-PU. Upon collective optimization of the perovskite films and device architecture, the blue-emitting flexible PeLEDs can achieve a record external quantum efficiency of 13.5% and high resistance to flexural strain, which retain 87.8 and 80.7% of their initial efficiency after repeated bending and twisting operations of 2000 cycles, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Qian
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Liu-Jiang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201204, China
| | - Minglei Guo
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Cai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Ye-Fan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Yingyi Tang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Ministry of Education Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai200062, China
| | - Jingkun Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
| | - Xingyu Gao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201204, China
| | - HongYing Mao
- School of Physics, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou311121, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Ministry of Education Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument Engineering Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai200062, China
| | - Jian-Xin Tang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa999078, Macao, China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa999078, Macao, China
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Saufi SASA, Zuhri MYM, Dezaki ML, Sapuan SM, Ilyas RA, As’arry A, Ariffin MKA, Bodaghi M. Compression Behaviour of Bio-Inspired Honeycomb Reinforced Starfish Shape Structures Using 3D Printing Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244388. [PMID: 34960939 PMCID: PMC8707876 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bio-inspired structure (e.g., honeycomb) has been studied for its ability to absorb energy and its high strength. The cell size and wall thickness are the main elements that alter the structural ability to withstand load and pressure. Moreover, adding a secondary structure can increase the compressive strength and energy absorption (EA) capability. In this study, the bio-inspired structures are fabricated by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology using polylactic acid (PLA) material. Samples are printed in the shape of a honeycomb structure, and a starfish shape is used as its reinforcement. Hence, this study focuses on the compression strength and EA of different cell sizes of 20 and 30 mm with different wall thicknesses ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mm. Subsequently, the deformation and failure of the structures are determined under the compression loading. It is found that the smaller cell size with smaller wall thickness offered a crush efficiency of 69% as compared to their larger cell size with thicker wall thickness counterparts. It is observed that for a 20 mm cell size, the EA and maximum peak load increase, respectively, when the wall thickness increases. It can be concluded that the compression strength and EA capability increase gradually as the cell size and wall thickness increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. S. A. Saufi
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.S.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
| | - M. Y. M. Zuhri
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.S.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Product (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - M. Lalegani Dezaki
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.L.D.); (A.A.); (M.K.A.A.)
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (S.A.S.A.S.); (S.M.S.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Product (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - R. A. Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia;
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - A. As’arry
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.L.D.); (A.A.); (M.K.A.A.)
| | - M. K. A. Ariffin
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.L.D.); (A.A.); (M.K.A.A.)
| | - M. Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
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Braun JM, Manoonpong P, Xiong X. Editorial: Biology-Inspired Engineering and Engineering-Inspired Biology. Front Neurorobot 2020; 14:614683. [PMID: 33281595 PMCID: PMC7691242 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2020.614683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Matthias Braun
- Applied AI & Data Science, The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Embodied AI and Neurorobotics Lab, SDU Biorobotics, The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Poramate Manoonpong
- Embodied AI and Neurorobotics Lab, SDU Biorobotics, The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Bio-Inspired Robotics and Neural Engineering Lab, School of Information Science and Technology, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Xiaofeng Xiong
- Embodied AI and Neurorobotics Lab, SDU Biorobotics, The Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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