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S. UK, Sankar S, Younes S, D. TK, Ahmad MN, Okashah SS, Kamaraj B, Al-Subaie AM, C. GPD, Zayed H. Deciphering the Role of Filamin B Calponin-Homology Domain in Causing the Larsen Syndrome, Boomerang Dysplasia, and Atelosteogenesis Type I Spectrum Disorders via a Computational Approach. Molecules 2020; 25:E5543. [PMID: 33255942 PMCID: PMC7730838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamins (FLN) are a family of actin-binding proteins involved in regulating the cytoskeleton and signaling phenomenon by developing a network with F-actin and FLN-binding partners. The FLN family comprises three conserved isoforms in mammals: FLNA, FLNB, and FLNC. FLNB is a multidomain monomer protein with domains containing an actin-binding N-terminal domain (ABD 1-242), encompassing two calponin-homology domains (assigned CH1 and CH2). Primary variants in FLNB mostly occur in the domain (CH2) and surrounding the hinge-1 region. The four autosomal dominant disorders that are associated with FLNB variants are Larsen syndrome, atelosteogenesis type I (AOI), atelosteogenesis type III (AOIII), and boomerang dysplasia (BD). Despite the intense clustering of FLNB variants contributing to the LS-AO-BD disorders, the genotype-phenotype correlation is still enigmatic. In silico prediction tools and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) approaches have offered the potential for variant classification and pathogenicity predictions. We retrieved 285 FLNB missense variants from the UniProt, ClinVar, and HGMD databases in the current study. Of these, five and 39 variants were located in the CH1 and CH2 domains, respectively. These variants were subjected to various pathogenicity and stability prediction tools, evolutionary and conservation analyses, and biophysical and physicochemical properties analyses. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) was performed on the three candidate variants in the CH2 domain (W148R, F161C, and L171R) that were predicted to be the most pathogenic. The MDS analysis results showed that these three variants are highly compact compared to the native protein, suggesting that they could affect the protein on the structural and functional levels. The computational approach demonstrates the differences between the FLNB mutants and the wild type in a structural and functional context. Our findings expand our knowledge on the genotype-phenotype correlation in FLNB-related LS-AO-BD disorders on the molecular level, which may pave the way for optimizing drug therapy by integrating precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhaya Kumar S.
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; (U.K.S.); (S.S.); (T.K.D.)
| | - Srivarshini Sankar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; (U.K.S.); (S.S.); (T.K.D.)
| | - Salma Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.Y.); (M.N.A.); (S.S.O.)
| | - Thirumal Kumar D.
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; (U.K.S.); (S.S.); (T.K.D.)
| | - Muneera Naseer Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.Y.); (M.N.A.); (S.S.O.)
| | - Sarah Samer Okashah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.Y.); (M.N.A.); (S.S.O.)
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abeer Mohammed Al-Subaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - George Priya Doss C.
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; (U.K.S.); (S.S.); (T.K.D.)
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha 2713, Qatar; (S.Y.); (M.N.A.); (S.S.O.)
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Rehder H, Laccone F, Kircher SG, Schild RL, Rapp C, Bald R, Schulze B, Behunova J, Neesen J, Schoner K. Piepkorn type of osteochondrodysplasia: Defining the severe end of FLNB-related skeletal disorders in three fetuses and a 106-year-old exhibit. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:1559-1568. [PMID: 29797497 PMCID: PMC6585644 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The Piepkorn type of lethal osteochondrodysplasia (POCD) is a rare and lethal dwarfing condition. Four cases have been reported to date. The characteristic features are distinctly shortened "flipper-like" limbs, polysyndactyly, excessive underossification, especially of the limb bones and vertebrae, and large (giant) chondrocytes in the cartilaginous bone primordia. These characteristics allowed the diagnosis of Piepkorn type of osteochondrodysplasia in four new cases, three fetuses of 15 to 22 weeks and one 106-year-old museum exhibit. Piepkorn type of osteochondrodysplasia has been assigned to the giant cell chondrodysplasias such as atelosteogenesis type 1 (AO1) and boomerang dysplasia (BD). Analysis of the Filamin B gene in 3p14.3, which is associated with these disorders, allowed the identification of the first FLNB mutations in Piepkorn type of osteochondrodysplasia. The heterozygous missense mutations, found in the three fetuses, were located in exons 28 and 29, encoding the immunoglobulin-like repeat region R15, one of three mutational hot spots in dominant FLNB-related skeletal disorders. Direct preparations and alcian blue staining revealed single upper and lower arm and leg bone primordia, preaxial oligodactyly, and polysyndactyly with complete fusion and doubling of the middle and end phalanges II-V to produce eight distal finger rays. Considering the unique clinical features and the extent of underossification, Piepkorn type of osteochondrodysplasia can be regarded as a distinct entity within the AO1-BD-POCD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Rehder
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Franco Laccone
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne G Kircher
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf L Schild
- Department of Obstetrics, Diacovere Friederikenstift, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christiane Rapp
- Department of Praenatal Medicine, Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Bald
- Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Leverkusen, Leverkusen, Germany
| | | | - Jana Behunova
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Juergen Neesen
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Schoner
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Xu Q, Wu N, Cui L, Lin M, Thirumal Kumar D, George Priya Doss C, Wu Z, Shen J, Song X, Qiu G. Comparative analysis of the two extremes of FLNB-mutated autosomal dominant disease spectrum: from clinical phenotypes to cellular and molecular findings. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1400-1412. [PMID: 29887954 PMCID: PMC5992551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-randomly distributed missense mutations of Filamin B (FLNB) can lead to a spectrum of autosomal dominant-inherited skeletal malformations caused by bone hypoplasia, including Larsen syndrome (LS), atelosteogenesi-I (AO-I), atelosteogenesi-I (AO-III) and boomerang dysplasia (BD). Among this spectrum of diseases, LS causes a milder hypoplasia of the skeletal system, compared to BD's much more severe symptoms. Previous studies revealed limited molecular mechanisms of FLNB-related diseases but most of them were carried out with HEK293 cells from the kidney which could not reproduce FLNB's specificity to skeletal tissues. Instead, we elected to use ATDC5, a chondrogenic stem cell line widely used to study endochondral osteogenesis. In this study, we established FLNB-transfected ATDC5 cell model. We reported a pedigree of LS with mutation of FLNBG1586R and reviewed a case of BD with mutation of FLNBL171R . Using the ATDC5 cell model above, we compared cellular and molecular phenotypes of BD-associated FLNBL171R and LS-associated FLNBG1586R . We found that while both phenotypes had an increased expression of Runx2, FLNBL171R-expressing ATDC5 cells presented globular aggregation of FLNB protein and increased cellular apoptosis rate while FLNBG1586R-expressing ATDC5 cells presented evenly distributed FLNB protein and decreased cellular migration. These findings support our explanation for the cause of differences in clinical phenotypes between LS and BD. Our study makes a comparative analysis of two extremes of the FLNB-mutated autosomal dominant spectrum, relating known clinical phenotypes to our new cellular and molecular findings. These results indicated next steps for future research on the role of FLNB in the physiological process of endochondral osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal DeformityBeijing, China
- Medical Research Center of Orthopedics, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Lijia Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - D Thirumal Kumar
- Department of Integrative Biology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Department of Integrative Biology, Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore, India
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal DeformityBeijing, China
- Medical Research Center of Orthopedics, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jianxiong Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal DeformityBeijing, China
- Medical Research Center of Orthopedics, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xiangjian Song
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Orthopedic HospitalZhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal DeformityBeijing, China
- Medical Research Center of Orthopedics, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing, China
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