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Yang Z, Yuan M, Cheng Z, Liu B, Ma Z, Ma J, Zhang J, Ma X, Ma P, Lin J. Defect-Repaired g-C 3N 4 Nanosheets: Elevating the Efficacy of Sonodynamic Cancer Therapy Through Enhanced Charge Carrier Migration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401758. [PMID: 38320968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has garnered growing interest owing to its high tissue penetration depth and minimal side effects. However, the lack of efficient sonosensitizers remains the primary limiting factor for the clinical application of this treatment method. Here, defect-repaired graphene phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets are prepared and utilized for enhanced SDT in anti-tumor treatment. After defect engineering optimization, the bulk defects of g-C3N4 are significantly reduced, resulting in higher crystallinity and exhibiting a polyheptazine imide (PHI) structure. Due to the more extended conjugated structure of PHI, facilitating faster charge transfer on the surface, it exhibits superior SDT performance for inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. This work focuses on introducing a novel carbon nitride nanomaterial as a sonosensitizer and a strategy for optimizing sonosensitizer performance by reducing bulk defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ziyong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Zhizi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jiashi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ping'an Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, P. R. China
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Karim MA, Matsuishi K, Kayesh ME, He Y, Islam A. Inhibition of Sn 2+ Oxidation in FASnI 3 Perovskite Precursor Solution and Enhanced Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells by Reductive Additive. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:45823-45833. [PMID: 37738477 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Tin-based halide perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) have attracted a progressive amount of attention as a potential alternative to lead-based PSCs (Pb-PSCs). Sn-perovskite films are fabricated by a solution process spin-coating technique. However, the efficiency of these devices varies significantly with the different batches of precursor solution due to the poor chemical stability of SnI2-DMSO and the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+. This study investigated the origin of Sn2+ oxidation before film formation, and it was identified that the ionization of SnI2 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) causes the oxidation of free Sn2+ and I- ions. To address these issues, this study introduces the reductive additive 4-fluorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (4F-PHCl) in the FASnI3 perovskite precursor solution. The hydrazine functional (-NH-NH2) group converted detrimental Sn4+ and I2 defects back to Sn2+ and I- in precursor solution while retaining the properties of the perovskite solution. Furthermore, the addition of 4F-PHCl in the precursor solution effectively slows the crystallization process, enhancing the crystallinity of FASnI3 perovskite films and guaranteeing the Sn2+/I- stoichiometric ratio, ultimately leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.86%. The hydrophobic fluorinated benzene ring in 4F-PHCl ensures moisture stability in perovskite films, allowing unencapsulated PSCs to retain over 92% of their initial PCE in an N2-filled glovebox for 130 days. Moreover, the 4F-PHCl-modified encapsulated PSCs showed superior operational stability for 420 h and maintained 95% of their initial PCE for 300 h under maximum power point tracking at 1 sun continuous illumination. This study's findings provide a promising pathway to create a controlled Sn-based perovskite precursor solution for highly reproducible and stable Pb-free Sn-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Karim
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Matsuishi
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Md Emrul Kayesh
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yulu He
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ashraful Islam
- Photovoltaic Materials Group, Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
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