1
|
Li R, Zheng F, Xu P, Lv L, Mu Y, Zhuang X, Chen S. Correlation of mild cognitive impairment with the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer and serum indicators in type 2 diabetic patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1299206. [PMID: 38260156 PMCID: PMC10801021 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1299206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive Impairment arising from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has garnered significant attention in recent times. However, there are few studies on the identification and diagnosis of markers of cognitive impairment. Notably, alterations in the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer's (RNFL) thickness can potentially serve as an indicative measure of central nervous system changes. Further investigations have indicated that the decline in cognitive function within T2DM patients is intricately linked to persistent systemic inflammation and the accumulation of advanced glycosylation end products. Comprehensive studies are warranted to unveil these complex associations. Objective This study aims to explore the potential of utilizing the RNFL thickness and serological concentrations of IL-18, irisin, CML, and RAGE as diagnostic indicators for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) among individuals with T2DM. Methods The thickness of RNFL were determined in all patients and controls using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The serum levels of IL-18, irisin, CML and RAGE were detected by ELISA kit. In addition, Cognitive assessment was performed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive assessment (MoCA). Results The average RNFL thickness in the right eye were decreased in T2DM and T2DM combined with MCI (T2DM-MCI) patients and were positively correlated with MoCA and MMSE scores. The serum levels of IL-18, CML and RAGE in T2DM and T2DM-MCI increased significantly (p<0.05) and were negative correlated with MoCA and MMSE scores. The level of irisin in T2DM and T2DM-MCI decreased significantly (p<0.05) and were positively correlated with MoCA and MMSE scores. The area under the ROC curve of T2DM-MCI predicted by the average RNFL thickness in the right eye, CML and RAGE were 0.853, 0.874 and 0.815. The diagnostic efficacy of the combination of average RNFL thickness in the right eye, CML, and RAGE for the diagnosis of T2DM-MCI was 0.969. Conclusion The average RNFL thickness in the right eye, CML and RAGE have possible diagnostic value in T2DM-MCI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xianghua Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boz H. N ϵ -(carboxymethyl)lysine in bakery products: A review. J Food Sci 2023; 88:901-908. [PMID: 36695775 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to draw attention to the Nϵ -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) content of bakery products with respect to their formation during baking and their health effects. Phenolic components added to the formulation in bakery products significantly reduce the formation of CML. Among the phenolic components, ferulic acid showed the most significant lowering effect on CML. Among the flavanones tested in the model cookie system, dihydromyricetin exhibited the strongest CML-reducing effect. The addition of fat-, sugar-, and protein-rich ingredients to the formulations of bakery products generally increases the CML content in these products. In addition, the addition of components that have a water activity-reducing effect, such as dietary fiber, and the high temperature in baking also increase the formation of CML. Therefore, the food industry should also focus on optimizing food production to minimize CML formation while maintaining the safety and organoleptic properties of bakery products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The CML level in foods is likely to increase 200 times with an increase in cooking temperature. The addition of protein and fat to bakery product formulations can increase CML formation. The addition of glucose in cakes can produce higher levels of CML than fructose, refined sucrose, or unrefined sucrose. Phenolic compounds have a reducing effect on CML formation in bakery products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hüseyin Boz
- Gastronomy and Culinary Arts Department, Tourism Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berdún R, Jové M, Sol J, Cai W, He JC, Rodriguez-Mortera R, Martin-Garí M, Pamplona R, Uribarri J, Portero-Otin M. Restriction of Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products Induces a Differential Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome Profile. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000499. [PMID: 34599622 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Diets with low content in advanced glycation end products (AGEs) lead to beneficial properties in highly prevalent age-related diseases. To shed light on the mechanisms behind, the changes induced by a low AGE dietary intervention in the circulating metabolome are analyzed. METHODS AND RESULTS To this end, 20 non-diabetic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis are randomized to continue their usual diet or to one with a low content of AGEs for 1 month. Then, plasmatic metabolome and lipidomes are analyzed by liquid-chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The levels of defined AGE structures are also quantified by ELISA and by mass-spectrometry. The results show that the low AGE diet impinged significant changes in circulating metabolomes (166 molecules) and lipidomes (91 lipids). Metabolic targets of low-AGE intake include sphingolipid, ether-lipids, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Further, it reproduces some of the plasma characteristics of healthy aging. CONCLUSION The finding of common pathways induced by low-AGE diets with previous metabolic traits implicated in aging, insulin resistance, and obesity suggest the usefulness of the chosen approach and supports the potential extension of this study to other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Berdún
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.,Primary Care, Catalan Health Institute (ICS), Lleida, Spain.,Research Support Unit Lleida, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Lleida, Spain
| | - Weijing Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - John C He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Reyna Rodriguez-Mortera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Meritxell Martin-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Jaime Uribarri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liman PB, Agustina R, Djuwita R, Umar J, Permadhi I, Helmizar, Hidayat A, Feskens EJM, Abdullah M. Dietary and Plasma Carboxymethyl Lysine and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α as Mediators of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference among Women in Indonesia. Nutrients 2019; 11:E3057. [PMID: 31847322 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary and plasma carboxymethyl lysine (dCML, pCML) and plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (pTNF-α) may be associated with obesity in affluent society. However, evidence in women from low-middle income countries with predominantly traditional diets is lacking. We investigated the mediator effects of dCML, pCML and pTNF-α on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) among Indonesian women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 235 non-diabetic, non-anemic and non-smoking women aged 19–50 years from selected mountainous and coastal areas of West Sumatra and West Java. Dietary CML, pCML, pTNF-α were obtained from 2 × 24-h recalls, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Between-group differences were analyzed by the Chi-square or Mann-Whitney test and mediator effects by Structural Equation Modeling. The medians and interquartile-ranges of dCML, pCML and pTNF-α were 2.2 (1.7–3.0) mg/day, 22.2 (17.2–28.2) ng/mL and 0.68 (0.52–1.00) IU/mL, respectively, and significantly higher in the WC ≥ 80 cm than in the WC < 80 cm group, but not in BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 compared to BMI < 25 kg/m2 group. Plasma CML and pTNF-α were positively and directly related to WC (β = 0.21 [95% CI: 0.09, 0.33] and β = 0.23 [95% CI: 0.11, 0.35], respectively). Dietary CML that correlated with dry-heat processing and cereals as the highest contributions was positively related to WC (β = 0.33 [95% CI: 0.12, 0.83]). Ethnicity, level of education, intake of fat, and intake of energy contributed to dCML, pCML and pTNF-α, and subsequently affected WC, while only ethnicity contributed to BMI through dCML, pCML and pTNF-α (β = 0.07 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.14]). A positive direct effect of dCML on pCML and of pCML and pTNF-α on WC was seen among Indonesian women. Dietary CML seems to have several paths that indirectly influence the increases in WC if compared to BMI. Thus, intake of CML-rich foods should be reduced, or the foods consumed in moderate amounts to avoid the risk of central obesity in this population.
Collapse
|
5
|
LeWinter MM, Taatjes D, Ashikaga T, Palmer B, Bishop N, VanBuren P, Bell S, Donaldson C, Meyer M, Margulies KB, Redfield M, Bull DA, Zile M. Abundance, localization, and functional correlates of the advanced glycation end-product carboxymethyl lysine in human myocardium. Physiol Rep 2018; 5:5/20/e13462. [PMID: 29066596 PMCID: PMC5661230 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) play a role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM) and possibly hypertension (HTN). In experimental DM, AGEs accumulate in myocardium. Little is known about AGEs in human myocardium. We quantified abundance, localization, and functional correlates of the AGE carboxymethyl lysine (CML) in left ventricular (LV) myocardium from patients undergoing coronary bypass grafting (CBG). Immunoelectron microscopy was used to quantify CML in epicardial biopsies from 98 patients (71 M, 27 F) with HTN, HTN + DM or neither (controls), all with normal LV ejection fraction. Myofilament contraction‐relaxation function was measured in demembranated myocardial strips. Echocardiography was used to quantify LV structure and function. We found that CML was abundant within cardiomyocytes, but minimally associated with extracellular collagen. CML counts/μm2 were 14.7% higher in mitochondria than the rest of the cytoplasm (P < 0.001). There were no significant sex or diagnostic group differences in CML counts [controls 45.6 ± 3.6/μm2 (±SEM), HTN 45.8 ± 3.6/μm2, HTN + DM 49.3 ± 6.2/μm2; P = 0.85] and no significant correlations between CML counts and age, HgbA1c or myofilament function indexes. However, left atrial volume was significantly correlated with CML counts (r = 0.41, P = 0.004). We conclude that in CBG patients CML is abundant within cardiomyocytes but minimally associated with collagen, suggesting that AGEs do not directly modify the stiffness of myocardial collagen. Coexistent HTN or HTN + DM do not significantly influence CML abundance. The correlation of CML counts with LAV suggests an influence on diastolic function independent of HTN, DM or sex whose mechanism remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin M LeWinter
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont .,NHLBI Heart Failure Research Network, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Douglas Taatjes
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Takamaru Ashikaga
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Bradley Palmer
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Nicole Bishop
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Peter VanBuren
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.,NHLBI Heart Failure Research Network, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen Bell
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Cameron Donaldson
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Markus Meyer
- Cardiology Unit University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | | | | | - David A Bull
- NHLBI Heart Failure Research Network, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael Zile
- Cardiology Division, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Proteins continually undergo spontaneous oxidation reactions, which lead to changes in structure and function. The quantitative assessment of protein oxidation adducts provides information on the level of exposure to reactive precursor compounds with a high oxidizing potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present work, we introduce N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)lysine as a novel marker based on the ratio of glycolaldehyde and its oxidized form glyoxal. The high analytical potential was proven with a first set of patients undergoing hemodialysis versus healthy controls, in comparison with well-established parameters for oxidative stress. In vitro experiments with N1- t-BOC-lysine and N1- t-BOC-arginine enlightened the mechanistic relationship of glycolaldehyde and glyoxal. Oxidation was strongly dependent on the catalytic action of the ε-amino moiety of lysine. Investigations on the formation of N6-carboxymethyl lysine revealed glycolaldehyde-imine as the more reactive precursor, even though an additional oxidative step is required. As a result, a novel and very effective alternative mechanism was unraveled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Henning
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2 , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - Kristin Liehr
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2 , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - Matthias Girndt
- Department of Internal Medicine II , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Ernst-Grube-Str. 40 , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - Christof Ulrich
- Department of Internal Medicine II , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Ernst-Grube-Str. 40 , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| | - Marcus A Glomb
- Institute of Chemistry, Food Chemistry , Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2 , 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mattison CP, Dinter J, Berberich MJ, Chung SY, Reed SS, Le Gall S, Grimm CC. In vitro evaluation of digestive and endolysosomal enzymes to cleave CML-modified Ara h 1 peptides. Food Sci Nutr 2015; 3:273-83. [PMID: 26288719 PMCID: PMC4534154 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ara h 1 is a major peanut allergen. Processing-induced modifications may modulate the allergenic potency of Ara h 1. Carboxymethyl lysine (CML) modifications are a commonly described nonenzymatic modification on food proteins. In the current study, we tested the ability of digestive and endolysosomal proteases to cleave CML-modified and unmodified Ara h 1 peptides. Mass spectrometric analyses of the digested peptides demonstrate that carboxymethylation of lysine residues renders these peptides refractory to trypsin digestion. We did not detect observable differences in the simulated gastric fluid or endolysosomal digestion between the parental and CML-modified peptides. One of the tested peptides contains a lysine residue previously shown to be CML modified laying in a previously mapped linear IgE epitope, but we did not observe a difference in IgE binding between the modified and parental peptides. Our findings suggest a molecular mechanism for the increased resistance of peanut allergens modified by thermal processing, such as Ara h 1, to digestion in intestinal fluid after heating and could help explain how food processing-induced modifications may lead to more potent food allergens by acting to protect intact IgE epitopes from digestion by proteases targeting lysine residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Mattison
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service - Southern Regional Research Center 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana, 70124
| | - Jens Dinter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139 ; Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew J Berberich
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139
| | - Si-Yin Chung
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service - Southern Regional Research Center 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana, 70124
| | - Shawndrika S Reed
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service - Southern Regional Research Center 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana, 70124
| | - Sylvie Le Gall
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139 ; Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Casey C Grimm
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service - Southern Regional Research Center 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, Louisiana, 70124
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mastrocola R, Collino M, Rogazzo M, Medana C, Nigro D, Boccuzzi G, Aragno M. Advanced glycation end products promote hepatosteatosis by interfering with SCAP-SREBP pathway in fructose-drinking mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2013; 305:G398-407. [PMID: 23868406 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00450.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies have linked the increased consumption of fructose to the development of obesity, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance, and a role in hepatosteatosis development is presumed. Fructose can undergo a nonenzymatic reaction from which advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are derived, leading to the formation of dysfunctional, fructosylated proteins; however, the in vivo formation of AGEs from fructose is still less known than that from glucose. In the present study C57Bl/6J mice received 15% (wt/vol) fructose (FRT) or 15% (wt/vol) glucose (GLC) in water to drink for 30 wk, resembling human habit to consume sugary drinks. At the end of the protocol both FRT- and GLC-drinking mice had increased fasting glycemia, glucose intolerance, altered plasma lipid profile, and marked hepatosteatosis. FRT mice had higher hepatic triglycerides deposition than GLC, paralleled by a greater increased expression and activity of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), the transcription factor responsible for the de novo lipogenesis, and of its activating protein SCAP. LC-MS analysis showed a different pattern of AGE production in liver tissue between FRT and GLC mice, with larger amount of carboxymethyl lysine (CML) generated by fructose. Double immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation analysis revealed an interaction between CML and SCAP that could lead to prolonged activation of SREBP1. Overall, the high levels of CML and activation of SCAP/SREBP pathway associated to high fructose exposure here reported may suggest a key role of this signaling pathway in mediating fructose-induced lipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mastrocola
- Dept. of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Experimental Medicine and Clinical Pathology Unit, Univ. of Turin, C.so Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|