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Messaoudi O, Henrionnet C, Courtial EJ, Grossin L, Mainard D, Galois L, Loeuille D, Marquette C, Gillet P, Pinzano A. Increasing Collagen to Bioink Drives Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-Chondrogenesis from Hyaline to Calcified Layers. Tissue Eng Part A 2023. [PMID: 37885209 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioextrusion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) directly seeded in a bioink enables the production of three-dimensional (3D) constructs, promoting their chondrogenic differentiation. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of different type I collagen concentrations in the bioink on MSCs' chondrogenic differentiation. We printed 3D constructs using an alginate, gelatin, and fibrinogen-based bioink cellularized with MSCs, with four different quantities of type I collagen addition (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg per bioink syringe). We assessed the influence of the bioprinting process, the bioink composition, and the growth factor (TGF-ꞵ1) on the MSCs' survival rate. We confirmed the biocompatibility of the process and the bioinks' cytocompatibility. We evaluated the chondrogenic effects of TGF-ꞵ1 and collagen addition on the MSCs' chondrogenic properties through macroscopic observation, shrinking ratio, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, glycosaminoglycan synthesis, histology, and type II collagen immunohistochemistry. The bioink containing 0.5 mg of collagen produces the richest hyaline-like extracellular matrix, presenting itself as a promising tool to recreate the superficial layer of hyaline cartilage. The bioink containing 5.0 mg of collagen enhances the synthesis of a calcified matrix, making it a good candidate for mimicking the calcified cartilaginous layer. Type I collagen thus allows the dose-dependent design of specific hyaline cartilage layers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edwin-Joffrey Courtial
- Plateforme 3D Fab, UMR 5246 CNRS Université de Lyon, INSA, CPE-Lyon, ICBMS, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Didier Mainard
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Galois
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Damien Loeuille
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
- Department of Rheumatology and Toxicology & Pharmacovigilance, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Christophe Marquette
- Plateforme 3D Fab, UMR 5246 CNRS Université de Lyon, INSA, CPE-Lyon, ICBMS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Gillet
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Pharmacovigilance, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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Tosoratti E, Fisch P, Taylor S, Laurent‐Applegate LA, Zenobi‐Wong M. 3D-Printed Reinforcement Scaffolds with Targeted Biodegradation Properties for the Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101094. [PMID: 34633151 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Achieving regeneration of articular cartilage is challenging due to the low healing capacity of the tissue. Appropriate selection of cell source, hydrogel, and scaffold materials are critical to obtain good integration and long-term stability of implants in native tissues. Specifically, biomechanical stability and in vivo integration can be improved if the rate of degradation of the scaffold material matches the stiffening of the sample by extracellular matrix secretion of the encapsulated cells. To this end, a novel 3D-printed lactide copolymer is presented as a reinforcement scaffold for an enzymatically crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel. In this system, the biodegradable properties of the reinforced scaffold are matched to the matrix deposition of articular chondrocytes embedded in the hydrogel. The lactide reinforcement provides stability to the soft hydrogel in the early stages, allowing the composite to be directly implanted in vivo with no need for a preculture period. Compared to pure cellular hydrogels, maturation and matrix secretion remain unaffected by the reinforced scaffold. Furthermore, excellent biocompatibility and production of glycosaminoglycans and collagens are observed at all timepoints. Finally, in vivo subcutaneous implantation in nude mice shows cartilage-like tissue maturation, indicating the possibility for the use of these composite materials in one-step surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Tosoratti
- Institute for Biomechanics Otto‐Stern‐Weg 7, ETH Zürich Zürich CH‐8093 Switzerland
| | - Philipp Fisch
- Institute for Biomechanics Otto‐Stern‐Weg 7, ETH Zürich Zürich CH‐8093 Switzerland
| | - Scott Taylor
- Poly‐Med Inc 51 Technology Drive Anderson SC 29625 USA
| | - Lee Ann Laurent‐Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit Lausanne University Hospital University of Lausanne Épalinges CH‐1066 Switzerland
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich CH‐8057 Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi‐Wong
- Institute for Biomechanics Otto‐Stern‐Weg 7, ETH Zürich Zürich CH‐8093 Switzerland
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Messaoudi O, Henrionnet C, Bourge K, Loeuille D, Gillet P, Pinzano A. Stem Cells and Extrusion 3D Printing for Hyaline Cartilage Engineering. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010002. [PMID: 33374921 PMCID: PMC7821921 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage is deficient in self-healing properties. The early treatment of focal cartilage lesions is a public health challenge to prevent long-term degradation and the occurrence of osteoarthritis. Cartilage tissue engineering represents a promising alternative to the current insufficient surgical solutions. 3D printing is a thriving technology and offers new possibilities for personalized regenerative medicine. Extrusion-based processes permit the deposition of cell-seeded bioinks, in a layer-by-layer manner, allowing mimicry of the native zonal organization of hyaline cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for cartilage tissue engineering. Originally isolated from bone marrow, they can now be derived from many different cell sources (e.g., synovium, dental pulp, Wharton’s jelly). Their proliferation and differentiation potential are well characterized, and they possess good chondrogenic potential, making them appropriate candidates for cartilage reconstruction. This review summarizes the different sources, origins, and densities of MSCs used in extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB) processes, as alternatives to chondrocytes. The different bioink constituents and their advantages for producing substitutes mimicking healthy hyaline cartilage is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Messaoudi
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP20199, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; (O.M.); (C.H.); (K.B.); (D.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Christel Henrionnet
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP20199, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; (O.M.); (C.H.); (K.B.); (D.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Kevin Bourge
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP20199, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; (O.M.); (C.H.); (K.B.); (D.L.); (P.G.)
| | - Damien Loeuille
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP20199, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; (O.M.); (C.H.); (K.B.); (D.L.); (P.G.)
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Bâtiment des Spécialités Médicales, 5 rue du Morvan, F54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Gillet
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP20199, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; (O.M.); (C.H.); (K.B.); (D.L.); (P.G.)
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Toxicologie et Pharmacovigilance, Bâtiment de Biologie Médicale et de Biopathologie, CHRU de Nancy-Brabois, 5 Rue du Morvan, F54511 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Astrid Pinzano
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l’Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP20199, 54505 Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France; (O.M.); (C.H.); (K.B.); (D.L.); (P.G.)
- Contrat d’Interface, Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital de Brabois, Bâtiment Spécialités Médicales, F54511 Vandœuvre Lès Nancy, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)372-746-565
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Abstract
Articular cartilage defects remain a clinical challenge. Articular cartilage defects progress to osteoarthritis, which negatively (e.g., remarkable pain, decreased mobility, distress) affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with excessive healthcare costs. Surgical procedures and cell-based therapies have failed to deliver a functional therapy. To this end, tissue engineering therapies provide a promise to deliver a functional cartilage substitute. Among the various scaffold fabrication technologies available, electrospinning is continuously gaining pace, as it can produce nano- to micro- fibrous scaffolds that imitate architectural features of native extracellular matrix supramolecular assemblies and can deliver variable cell populations and bioactive molecules. Herein, we comprehensively review advancements and shortfalls of various electrospun scaffolds in cartilage engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Nur Yilmaz
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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5
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Zurriaga Carda J, Lastra ML, Antolinos-Turpin CM, Morales-Román RM, Sancho-Tello M, Perea-Ruiz S, Milián L, Fernández JM, Cortizo AM, Carda C, Gallego-Ferrer G, Gómez Ribelles JL. A cell-free approach with a supporting biomaterial in the form of dispersed microspheres induces hyaline cartilage formation in a rabbit knee model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1428-1438. [PMID: 31520507 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to test a regenerative medicine strategy for the regeneration of articular cartilage. This approach combines microfracture of the subchondral bone with the implant at the site of the cartilage defect of a supporting biomaterial in the form of microspheres aimed at creating an adequate biomechanical environment for the differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells that migrate from the bone marrow. The possible inflammatory response to these biomaterials was previously studied by means of the culture of RAW264.7 macrophages. The microspheres were implanted in a 3 mm-diameter defect in the trochlea of the femoral condyle of New Zealand rabbits, covering them with a poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) membrane manufactured by electrospinning. Experimental groups included a group where exclusively PLLA microspheres were implanted, another group where a mixture of 50/50 microspheres of PLLA (hydrophobic and rigid) and others of chitosan (a hydrogel) were used, and a third group used as a control where no material was used and only the membrane was covering the defect. The histological characteristics of the regenerated tissue have been evaluated 3 months after the operation. We found that during the regeneration process the microspheres, and the membrane covering them, are displaced by the neoformed tissue in the regeneration space toward the subchondral bone region, leaving room for the formation of a tissue with the characteristics of hyaline cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Zurriaga Carda
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,IMED (Innovación MÉDica), Hospital IMED, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria L Lastra
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carmen M Antolinos-Turpin
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa M Morales-Román
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Sancho-Tello
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sofía Perea-Ruiz
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lara Milián
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan M Fernández
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana M Cortizo
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carmen Carda
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Gallego-Ferrer
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
| | - José L Gómez Ribelles
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia, Spain
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6
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Desancé M, Contentin R, Bertoni L, Gomez-Leduc T, Branly T, Jacquet S, Betsch JM, Batho A, Legendre F, Audigié F, Galéra P, Demoor M. Chondrogenic Differentiation of Defined Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Umbilical Cord Blood for Use in Cartilage Repair Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020537. [PMID: 29439436 PMCID: PMC5855759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage engineering is a new strategy for the treatment of cartilage damage due to osteoarthritis or trauma in humans. Racehorses are exposed to the same type of cartilage damage and the anatomical, cellular, and biochemical properties of their cartilage are comparable to those of human cartilage, making the horse an excellent model for the development of cartilage engineering. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiated into chondrocytes with chondrogenic factors in a biomaterial appears to be a promising therapeutic approach for direct implantation and cartilage repair. Here, we characterized equine umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (eUCB-MSCs) and evaluated their potential for chondrocyte differentiation for use in cartilage repair therapy. Our results show that isolated eUCB-MSCs had high proliferative capacity and differentiated easily into osteoblasts and chondrocytes, but not into adipocytes. A three-dimensional (3D) culture approach with the chondrogenic factors BMP-2 and TGF-β1 potentiated chondrogenic differentiation with a significant increase in cartilage-specific markers at the mRNA level (Col2a1, Acan, Snorc) and the protein level (type II and IIB collagen) without an increase in hypertrophic chondrocyte markers (Col10a1 and Mmp13) in normoxia and in hypoxia. However, these chondrogenic factors caused an increase in type I collagen, which can be reduced using small interfering RNA targeting Col1a2. This study provides robust data on MSCs characterization and demonstrates that eUCB-MSCs have a great potential for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Desancé
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France.
| | | | - Lélia Bertoni
- Center of Imaging and Research on Locomotor Affections in Equines, Ecole Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 14430 Goustranville, France.
| | | | - Thomas Branly
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Sandrine Jacquet
- Center of Imaging and Research on Locomotor Affections in Equines, Ecole Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 14430 Goustranville, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Betsch
- Clinique Vétérinaire Equine de Méheudin, Méheudin, 61150 Ecouché, France.
| | - Agnès Batho
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France.
- EFS Caen, 14000 Caen, France.
| | | | - Fabrice Audigié
- Center of Imaging and Research on Locomotor Affections in Equines, Ecole Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 14430 Goustranville, France.
| | - Philippe Galéra
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France.
| | - Magali Demoor
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, BIOTARGEN, 14000 Caen, France.
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Branly T, Contentin R, Desancé M, Jacquel T, Bertoni L, Jacquet S, Mallein-Gerin F, Denoix JM, Audigié F, Demoor M, Galéra P. Improvement of the Chondrocyte-Specific Phenotype upon Equine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation: Influence of Culture Time, Transforming Growth Factors and Type I Collagen siRNAs on the Differentiation Index. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E435. [PMID: 29389887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a tissue characterized by its poor intrinsic capacity for self-repair. This tissue is frequently altered upon trauma or in osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease that is currently incurable. Similar musculoskeletal disorders also affect horses and OA incurs considerable economic loss for the equine sector. In the view to develop new therapies for humans and horses, significant progress in tissue engineering has led to the emergence of new generations of cartilage therapy. Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation is an advanced 3D cell-based therapy that holds promise for cartilage repair. This study aims to improve the autologous chondrocyte implantation technique by using equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow differentiated into chondrocytes that can be implanted in the chondral lesion. The optimized protocol relies on culture under hypoxia within type I/III collagen sponges. Here, we explored three parameters that influence MSC differentiation: culture times, growth factors and RNA interference strategies. Our results suggest first that an increase in culture time from 14 to 28 or 42 days lead to a sharp increase in the expression of chondrocyte markers, notably type II collagen (especially the IIB isoform), along with a concomitant decrease in HtrA1 expression. Nevertheless, the expression of type I collagen also increased with longer culture times. Second, regarding the growth factor cocktail, TGF-β3 alone showed promising result but the previously tested association of BMP-2 and TGF-β1 better limits the expression of type I collagen. Third, RNA interference targeting Col1a2 as well as Col1a1 mRNA led to a more significant knockdown, compared with a conventional strategy targeting Col1a1 alone. This chondrogenic differentiation strategy showed a strong increase in the Col2a1:Col1a1 mRNA ratio in the chondrocytes derived from equine bone marrow MSCs, this ratio being considered as an index of the functionality of cartilage. These data provide evidence of a more stable chondrocyte phenotype when combining Col1a1 and Col1a2 siRNAs associated to a longer culture time in the presence of BMP-2 and TGF-β1, opening new opportunities for preclinical trials in the horse. In addition, because the horse is an excellent model for human articular cartilage disorders, the equine therapeutic approach developed here can also serve as a preclinical step for human medicine.
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8
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Morgese G, Cavalli E, Müller M, Zenobi-Wong M, Benetti EM. Nanoassemblies of Tissue-Reactive, Polyoxazoline Graft-Copolymers Restore the Lubrication Properties of Degraded Cartilage. ACS Nano 2017; 11:2794-2804. [PMID: 28273419 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis leads to an alteration in the composition of the synovial fluid, which is associated with an increase in friction and the progressive and irreversible destruction of the articular cartilage. In order to tackle this degenerative disease, there has been a growing interest in the medical field to establish effective, long-term treatments to restore cartilage lubrication after damage. Here we develop a series of graft-copolymers capable of assembling selectively on the degraded cartilage, resurfacing it, and restoring the lubricating properties of the native tissue. These comprise a polyglutamic acid backbone (PGA) coupled to brush-forming, poly-2-methyl-2-oxazoline (PMOXA) side chains, which provide biopassivity and lubricity to the surface, and to aldehyde-bearing tissue-reactive groups, for the anchoring on the degenerated cartilage via Schiff bases. Optimization of the graft-copolymer architecture (i.e., density and length of side chains and amount of tissue-reactive functions) allowed a uniform passivation of the degraded cartilage surface. Graft-copolymer-treated cartilage showed very low coefficients of friction within synovial fluid, reestablishing and in some cases improving the lubricating properties of the natural cartilage. Due to these distinctive properties and their high biocompatibility and stability under physiological conditions, cartilage-reactive graft-copolymers emerge as promising injectable formulations to slow down the progression of cartilage degradation, which characterizes the early stages of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, and ‡Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Emma Cavalli
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, and ‡Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mischa Müller
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, and ‡Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, and ‡Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, and ‡Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich , Zürich, Switzerland
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Kohles SS, Mason SS, Adams AP, Berg RJ, Blank J, Gibson F, Righetti J, Washington IS, Saha AK. Ultrasonic wave propagation assessment of native cartilage explants and hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering. Int J Biomed Eng Technol 2012; 10:296-307. [PMID: 23565122 DOI: 10.1504/ijbet.2012.050263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-destructive techniques characterising the mechanical properties of cells, tissues, and biomaterials provide baseline metrics for tissue engineering design. Ultrasonic wave propagation and attenuation has previously demonstrated the dynamics of extracellular matrix synthesis in chondrocyte-seeded hydrogel constructs. In this paper, we describe an ultrasonic method to analyse two of the construct elements used to engineer articular cartilage in real-time, native cartilage explants and an agarose biomaterial. Results indicated a similarity in wave propagation velocity ranges for both longitudinal (1500-1745 m/s) and transverse (350-950 m/s) waveforms. Future work will apply an acoustoelastic analysis to distinguish between the fluid and solid properties including the cell and matrix biokinetics as a validation of previous mathematical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean S Kohles
- Regenerative Bioengineering Laboratory, Departments of Mechanical & Materials Engineering and Biology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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