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Cardoso BD, Fernandes DEM, Amorim CO, Amaral VS, Coutinho PJG, Rodrigues ARO, Castanheira EMS. Magnetoliposomes with Calcium-Doped Magnesium Ferrites Anchored in the Lipid Surface for Enhanced DOX Release. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2597. [PMID: 37764626 PMCID: PMC10535675 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has provided a new insight into cancer treatment by enabling the development of nanocarriers for the encapsulation, transport, and controlled release of antitumor drugs at the target site. Among these nanocarriers, magnetic nanosystems have gained prominence. This work presents the design, development, and characterization of magnetoliposomes (MLs), wherein superparamagnetic nanoparticles are coupled to the lipid surface. For this purpose, dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA)-functionalized Ca0.25Mg0.75Fe2O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles were prepared for the first time. The magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated a cubic shape with an average size of 13.36 nm. Furthermore, their potential for photothermal hyperthermia was evaluated using 4 mg/mL, 2 mg/mL, and 1 mg/mL concentrations of NPs@DMSA, which demonstrated a maximum temperature variation of 20.4 °C, 11.4 °C, and 7.3 °C, respectively, during a 30 min NIR-laser irradiation. Subsequently, these nanoparticles were coupled to the lipid surface of DPPC/DSPC/CHEMS and DPPC/DSPC/CHEMS/DSPE-PEG-based MLs using a new synthesis methodology, exhibiting average sizes of 153 ± 8 nm and 136 ± 2 nm, respectively. Doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated with high efficiency, achieving 96% ± 2% encapsulation in non-PEGylated MLs and 98.0% ± 0.6% in stealth MLs. Finally, drug release assays of the DOX-loaded DPPC/DSPC/CHEMS MLs were performed under different conditions of temperature (37 °C and 42 °C) and pH (5.5 and 7.4), simulating physiological and therapeutic conditions. The results revealed a higher release rate at 42 °C and acidic pH. Release rates significantly increased when introducing the stimulus of laser-induced photothermal hyperthermia at 808 nm (1 W/cm2) for 5 min. After 48 h of testing, at pH 5.5, 67.5% ± 0.5% of DOX was released, while at pH 7.4, only a modest release of 27.0% ± 0.1% was achieved. The results demonstrate the potential of the MLs developed in this work to the controlled release of DOX under NIR-laser stimulation and acidic environments and to maintain a sustained and reduced release profile in physiological environments with pH 7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz D. Cardoso
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal (D.E.M.F.)
- LaPMET—Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- CMEMS—UMinho, Universidade do Minho, DEI, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Diana E. M. Fernandes
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal (D.E.M.F.)
- LaPMET—Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carlos O. Amorim
- Physics Department and CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vítor S. Amaral
- Physics Department and CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. G. Coutinho
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal (D.E.M.F.)
- LaPMET—Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita O. Rodrigues
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal (D.E.M.F.)
- LaPMET—Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Elisabete M. S. Castanheira
- Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal (D.E.M.F.)
- LaPMET—Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Sanna Angotzi M, Mameli V, Zákutná D, Secci F, Xin HL, Cannas C. Hard-Soft Core-Shell Architecture Formation from Cubic Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13101679. [PMID: 37242095 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cubic bi-magnetic hard-soft core-shell nanoarchitectures were prepared starting from cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, prevalently with cubic shape, as seeds to grow a manganese ferrite shell. The combined use of direct (nanoscale chemical mapping via STEM-EDX) and indirect (DC magnetometry) tools was adopted to verify the formation of the heterostructures at the nanoscale and bulk level, respectively. The results showed the obtainment of core-shell NPs (CoFe2O4@MnFe2O4) with a thin shell (heterogenous nucleation). In addition, manganese ferrite was found to homogeneously nucleate to form a secondary nanoparticle population (homogenous nucleation). This study shed light on the competitive formation mechanism of homogenous and heterogenous nucleation, suggesting the existence of a critical size, beyond which, phase separation occurs and seeds are no longer available in the reaction medium for heterogenous nucleation. These findings may allow one to tailor the synthesis process in order to achieve better control of the materials' features affecting the magnetic behaviour, and consequently, the performances as heat mediators or components for data storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sanna Angotzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Mameli
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Dominika Zákutná
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Fausto Secci
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Huolin L Xin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Carla Cannas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
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