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Burioni R, Silvestrini L, D’Orto B, Tetè G, Nagni M, Polizzi E, Gherlone EF. Could Dental Material Reuse Play a Significant Role in Preservation of Raw Materials, Water, Energy, and Costs? Microbiological Analysis of New versus Reused Healing Abutments: An In Vitro Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:387. [PMID: 38671808 PMCID: PMC11048622 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The objective of this in vitro study was to compare reused and sterilized versus new healing abutments to assess whether a decontamination and sterilization process performed on resued healing abutments was sufficient to remove residual proteins. The two groups were comparable with respect to patient safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS During the period from September 2022 to October 2023, healing abutment screws were selected and divided into two groups according to whether they were new or previously used in patients. The samples were subjected to a decontamination and sterilization protocol, and results from sample sterility evaluation and assessment of surface protein levels were recorded. RESULTS The obtained results revealed a significant difference in the OD562 nm values between new and reused healing abutment samples. The assay demonstrates how treated healing abutments were still contaminated by residual proteins. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the present study, although from an infectious point of view sterilization results in the total eradication of pathogens, surface proteins remain on reused healing abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Burioni
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, University “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Lucia Silvestrini
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, University “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (R.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Bianca D’Orto
- Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (B.D.); (G.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Giulia Tetè
- Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (B.D.); (G.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Matteo Nagni
- Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (B.D.); (G.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Elisabetta Polizzi
- Chair Center for Oral Hygiene and Prevention, Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Felice Gherlone
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, “Vita-Salute” University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
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Maezono H, Klanliang K, Shimaoka T, Asahi Y, Takahashi Y, Wang Z, Shen Y, Haapasalo M, Hayashi M. Effects of Sodium Hypochlorite Concentration and Application Time on Bacteria in an Ex Vivo Polymicrobial Biofilm Model. J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00126-2. [PMID: 38452867 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In endodontic treatment, it is important to remove or inactivate biofilms in the root canal system. We investigated the effects of different concentrations and application times of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the viability of bacteria in ex vivo polymicrobial biofilms of different maturation levels. METHODS Polymicrobial biofilms were prepared from dental plaque samples and grown for 1, 2, and 3 weeks under anaerobic conditions on collagen-coated hydroxyapatite discs as an ex vivo biofilm model. The biofilms were then exposed to NaOCl at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2% for 1 or 3 minutes. The control group was exposed to sterile distilled water. Viability staining was performed and examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy to determine the percentage of biofilm bacteria killed by NaOCl. Scanning electron microscopy was also performed to visually examine the biofilms. RESULTS Application of NaOCl at 0.5%-2% for both 1 and 3 min killed significantly more bacteria when compared to the controls (P < .05). Cell viability tended to be lower after the application of NaOCl for 3 minutes than that for 1 minute. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments using an ex vivo model showed that within the range of 0.1%-2% of NaOCl, higher NaOCl concentrations and longer application times were more effective in killing biofilm bacteria, and that mature biofilms were more resistant to NaOCl than younger biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Maezono
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kittipit Klanliang
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimaoka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Asahi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Zhejun Wang
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ya Shen
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mikako Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Barczyk I, Masłyk D, Walczuk N, Kijak K, Skomro P, Gronwald H, Pawlak M, Rusińska A, Sadowska N, Gronwald B, Garstka AA, Lietz-Kijak D. Potential Clinical Applications of Ozone Therapy in Dental Specialties-A Literature Review, Supported by Own Observations. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20032048. [PMID: 36767415 PMCID: PMC9915530 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Apart from conventional treatment, dentists are increasingly relying on physical therapy modalities in their clinical practice. The aim of this literature review is to analyze the clinical relevance and potential uses of ozone in modern dentistry. The research question is geared towards detailing the multiple potential applications of ozone therapy in a range of dental specialties. Based on the available literature, accessed via the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EBSCO databases, a detailed search of the electronic literature was performed for 2001-2022. Eligible studies were chosen according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, using keywords: ozone, ozone therapy, therapeutic applications, oxidants, dental disinfectants, oral medicine, physical therapy in dentistry. Out of 834 manuscripts, 273 studies were curated. A total of 70 publications were used in the final consideration. After assessing their quality, they were analyzed to determine the relevance and potential use of ozone in the various aspects of modern dentistry. Ozone therapy is used mainly as an adjunct to the primary clinical or pharmacological treatment. In some cases of oral mucosal disease, it has proven effective as a primary therapy. During the literature analysis, it was noted that ozone therapy in dentistry is a subject of ongoing research, and the results are not always consistent. The multitude of studies in the literature on the applications of ozone in dentistry reflects the search for its undiscovered physical therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Barczyk
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Diana Masłyk
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Walczuk
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karina Kijak
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Skomro
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Helena Gronwald
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maria Pawlak
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Angelika Rusińska
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Sadowska
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Gronwald
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
- Doctoral Studies at the Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adam Andrzej Garstka
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Lietz-Kijak
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
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Ferreira LDAQ, Diniz IMA, Peixoto RTRDC, Gomes NA, Caneschi CDS, Spineli LM, Martins CC. Efficacy of antiseptics and chemomechanical methods for dentin caries lesions: A systematic review with GRADE approach. Front Oral Health 2023; 4:1110634. [PMID: 36908693 PMCID: PMC9992646 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Selective caries removal aims to remove carious tissue in deep dentin lesions. However, a discussion stands on the value of antiseptics and chemomechanical adjuvant methods to reduce the bacterial load on residual caries lesions. This systematic review has addressed two main clinical questions to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of available methods using (1) antiseptic or (2) chemomechanical agents before restoring dentin carious lesions. Methods We included randomized and non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs/ NRCTs). We searched eight databases from inception to October 2021. Paired reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. The primary outcome was the reduction in the number of total bacterial in dentin, whereas secondary outcomes were reduction in the number of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus. We used the ratio of ratio of post-treatment to baseline means between two interventions in the logarithmic scale as a proper effect measure. Certainty of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results We included 14 RCTs and 9 NRCTs, with nine interventions. Regardless the method, the number of bacteria at baseline was similar or exceeded that after the intervention, particularly in NRCTs. The evidence was inconclusive for most comparisons. Among antiseptic agents, chlorhexidine (CHX) resulted in an average of 1.14 times [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.21] more total bacterial than photodynamic therapy in RCTs. Among NRCTS, the natural agents resulted in five times more total bacterial than CHX (95% CI: 2-11). For chemomechanical methods, the control resulted in eight times (95% CI: 4-17) more total bacterial than Carisolv (SHAA). Conclusions The certainty of the evidence was very low for all comparisons showing uncertainty whether one treatment could be more effective than another for dentin disinfection. So far, exclusively removing soft carious dentin would be enough to reduce the bacterial count.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Natália Aparecida Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila de Sousa Caneschi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Loukia Maria Spineli
- Midwifery Research and Education Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carolina Castro Martins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Meire MA, van der Waal SV. A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study intracanal medicaments. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 2:330-345. [PMID: 35100452 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In order to ensure predictable decontamination of the root canal system, chemo-mechanical preparation of the root canal space is sometimes supplemented with the use of intracanal medication. As microbial control of the root canal space is fundamental to the resolution of apical periodontitis, root canal disinfection strategies haven been researched intensively. The use of intracanal medication as a supplementary step to the chemo-mechanical preparation of the root canal space is one of them. Because of the costs and limitations of clinical research it is relevant and common practice to first evaluate alternative or new root canal disinfection modalities in laboratory studies. This involves the simulation of a root canal infection in a laboratory model, on which different disinfection strategies can be tested. When modelling the infected root canal, different levels of infection can be discriminated: suspended bacteria, microbial biofilms and infected dentine. This review describes the experimental models associated with these infection levels and critically appraises their value and methodological details. Suggestions for relevant research methods and experimental models are given, as well as some good practices for laboratory-based microbiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Meire
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Endodontology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S V van der Waal
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Merli M, Bernardelli F, Giulianelli E, Carinci F, Mariotti G, Merli M, Pini-Prato G, Nieri M. Short-term comparison of two non-surgical treatment modalities of peri-implantitis: Clinical and microbiological outcomes in a two-factorial randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1268-1280. [PMID: 32678954 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the efficacy of two different therapies (amino acid glycine abrasive powder and a desiccant material) and their combination in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an examiner-blind randomized clinical trial, with 2-factorial design with a follow-up of 6 months. The combination of the two factors resulted in four interventions: (a) non-surgical debridement alone (C); (b) non-surgical debridement and a desiccant material (H); (c) non-surgical debridement and glycine powder (G); and (d) non-surgical debridement, desiccant material and glycine powder (HG). RESULTS Sixty-four patients with peri-implantitis were randomized, 16 for each intervention. After six months, two implants failed in the G intervention. Mean pocket depth reduction was higher in patients treated with the desiccant material (estimated difference: 0.5 mm; 95% CI from 0.1 to 0.9 mm, p = .0229) while there was no difference in the patients treated with glycine powder (estimated difference: 0.1 mm; 95% CI from -0.3 to 0.5 mm, p = .7333). VAS for pain during intervention and VAS for pain after one week were higher for patients treated with glycine powder (p = .0056 and p = .0339, respectively). The success criteria and other variables did not reveal differences between interventions. CONCLUSIONS In this 6-month follow-up study, pocket reduction was more pronounced in patients using the desiccant material. Pain was higher in patients using glycine. All the interventions resulted in low success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Merli
- University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Clinica Merli, Rimini, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michele Nieri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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