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Ringer JB, Chapple AG, Ballard RW, Armbruster PC. An overview of current evaluation methods of postgraduate dental specialty residents. J Dent Educ 2023; 87:1627-1635. [PMID: 37715539 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A lack of contemporary dental literature exists on evaluating dental residents in postgraduate education, with no standardized criteria or information on technology adoption. This study aims to understand current evaluation methods in dental residency programs and compare them to existing literature. METHODS A survey with 22 questions was sent to program directors of 749 ADA/CODA (American Dental Association/Commission on Dental Accreditation)-accredited postgraduate dental residencies. The questions focused on evaluation frequency, faculty involvement, submission methods, and electronic software usage. RESULTS The survey response rate was 30.2% (226 responses). Results show that 98% of program directors are involved in evaluations, but require more support from auxiliary faculty. Evaluations are typically submitted twice or four times a year, with 12% of programs wanting increased frequency. Face-to-face delivery of feedback is considered crucial. While desktop computers are widely used for evaluation submission, 55% of programs utilize mobile devices, which correlates with higher program director satisfaction. The most popular evaluation software includes New Innovations, MEd Hub, and Qualtrics. Overall, 86.96% of program directors are satisfied with current evaluation practices. Areas needing improvement are non-program director faculty involvement, resident response/feedback, and software navigation. CONCLUSION This study found that a majority of program directors of the postgraduate dental education system are using electronic technology for their resident evaluation systems and are satisfied with their current mechanism of evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan B Ringer
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LSUHSC School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Andrew G Chapple
- Biostatistics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Richard W Ballard
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LSUHSC School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Paul C Armbruster
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LSUHSC School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Gahm M, Wells MH, Scarbecz M, DeSchepper EJ, Dormois LD, Smith T. Benefits of virtual externships with a pediatric dentistry program for potential residents. J Dent Educ 2023. [PMID: 37151095 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if a virtual externship (VE) is beneficial to potential applicants regarding their perceived knowledge of a pediatric dentistry residency program. Secondarily, this study identified general program characteristics that influence resident ranking decisions. METHODS All applicants who applied to a pediatric dentistry residency program in the Southeast were invited to participate in a VE. Those who participated in the externship (n = 65) were asked to voluntarily complete Pre- and Post-VE surveys. Participants were asked 22 questions about their level of knowledge of both tangible and intangible aspects of the program such as stipend, patient volume, faculty-resident interaction, and resident comradery. Participants were also asked to rank 9 general characteristics that influence ranking decisions such as geography, cost to attend, and reputation of the program and were asked to rate their satisfaction with the VE. Post-VE data were compared to pre-VE data to determine level of knowledge gained via Wilcoxin matched pairs signed rank test (significance set at p < 0.05). RESULTS When comparing Pre- and Post-VE ratings of level of knowledge about each category, all 22 categories assessed showed statistically significant mean differences indicating perceived knowledge gain with the most knowledge gained for "resident satisfaction in the program." Of the nine program characteristics, clinical experience was the most important factor to participants. Participants (100%) were satisfied with the VE experience and indicated the VE gave them the opportunity to get to know the program. CONCLUSIONS A virtual externship is a satisfactory option for increasing applicant knowledge of the tangible and intangible aspects of a residency program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Gahm
- On the Cusp Pediatric Dentistry, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Martha H Wells
- Division of Dentistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mark Scarbecz
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edward J DeSchepper
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Larry D Dormois
- Pediatric Dental Group and Orthodontics, Germantown, Tennessee, USA
| | - Toddrick Smith
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Health, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Metz M, Whitehill R, Alraqiq HM. Personality traits and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder among dental residents during COVID-19 crisis. J Dent Educ 2022; 86:1562-1572. [PMID: 35821196 PMCID: PMC9350082 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented mental health challenges among healthcare professionals, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few studies have examined PTSD predictors in dental settings. This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the relationship between personality traits and PTSD symptoms among US dental residents engaged in patient care during the pandemic. METHODS An online survey was administered to residents in advanced education in general dentistry, dental anesthesia, general practice residency, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and pediatric dentistry programs between September 2020 and April 2021. The survey included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Big Five Inventory, and the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Logistic regression models, analysis of variance, and Tukey tests were used to examine the association between variables and PTSD scores and assess differences in personality traits and PTSD by specialty. RESULTS Among 149 respondents (mean age = 29.9 ± 4.9 years; 57.0% female), 53.7% reported experiencing stress during the pandemic. Many residents (38.9%) were not aware of available mental health resources. A total of 17.4% of residents met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, but only 1.3% reported a previous PTSD diagnosis. The most significant predictors of PTSD were neuroticism (odds ratio = 2.90, p = 0.046) and stress unrelated to the resident's program role during the pandemic (odds ratio = 5.88, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS PTSD symptoms were highly prevalent among dental residents, with stress and neuroticism being the most significant predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Metz
- College of Dental MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Rachel Whitehill
- College of Dental MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Hosam M. Alraqiq
- College of Dental MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA,National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA
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Harrison JL, Platia CL, Ferreira L, Soh M, Bugueño JM, Thompson TL, Quock RL, Finkelman M, Uzel NG. Factors affecting dental students' postgraduate plans: A multi-site study. J Dent Educ 2021; 86:124-135. [PMID: 34554565 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This multi-site study examined dental students' postgraduate plans and factors affecting them, perceptions of pathways with the best future, and whether those postgraduate plans changed during dental school. METHODS An online survey was made available to all four dental classes (2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021) and advanced standing/international dental students at eight US dental schools. The survey questionnaire consisted of two parts: (1) 14 questions pertaining to demographic information and (2) 11 questions pertaining to career path choices and possible influencing factors. RESULTS Overall response rate was approximately 38.4% (1459/3800). For those responding 34.0% planned to enroll in a general dentistry residency, followed by associate dentist in a private practice (31.4%), and specialty residency (17.6%). Quality of life, to increase knowledge/clinical skills, and intellectual satisfaction were most often rated extremely important factors; Influence of family members in dentistry and prestigious specialty received the most responses of not important. General dentistry was perceived to have the best future in terms of overall impact on the profession, potential for positive impact on patient's quality of life, and personal quality of life; oral and maxillofacial surgery was believed to have the best future in terms of salary. Students changed their postgraduate plan during dental school 43.0% of the time, with race (p = 0.006) and year of progress toward degree (p < 0.001) being significant associations. CONCLUSIONS General dentistry remains the most popular pathway. Many dental students change their plans during dental school; a better understanding of these trends and contributing factors may aid development of practice readiness curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Harrison
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christina L Platia
- Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Leticia Ferreira
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Margaret Soh
- Department of General Dentistry, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Juan M Bugueño
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, West Virginia University - Health Sciences Campus, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Tammy L Thompson
- Department of Pediatric and Community Dentistry, University of Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ryan L Quock
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew Finkelman
- Division of Biostatistics and Experimental Design, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naciye G Uzel
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mueldener EJ, McQuistan MR, Qian F, Hartshorn JE, Oishi MM. An evaluation of the geriatric dental curricula within Advanced Education in General Dentistry and General Practice Residency programs in the United States. Spec Care Dentist 2020; 41:210-217. [PMID: 33382104 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the geriatric dentistry curricula between Advanced Education in General Dentistry (AEGD) and General Practice Residency (GPR) programs. METHODS A 108-item survey was developed to assess residents' didactic and clinical experiences pertaining to geriatric patients. Surveys were mailed in 2018 to all AEGD (N = 89) and GPR (N = 180) program directors. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and the Wilcoxon rank sum test (alpha = .05). RESULTS Twenty-four AEGD and fifty-eight GPR directors completed surveys (response rate = 30%). Seventy-one percent of responding programs reported mandatory didactic training pertaining to frail and functionally dependent geriatric adults. Ninety-nine percent of respondents reported that residents provided treatment to geriatric patients; however, they were less likely to perform procedures on frail and functionally dependent patients. Only 15% of respondents provided nursing home care. Considering all patient encounters, responding GPR programs were more likely than AEGD programs to treat patients using IV bisphosphonates (63% vs 25%; P < .01), undergoing chemotherapy (48% vs 16%; P = .02), and undergoing head and neck radiation therapy (55% vs 25%; P = .02). CONCLUSION A majority of responding AEGD and GPR programs reported providing educational experiences pertaining to geriatric patients; however, GPR programs reported treating more medically complex patients than AEGD programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Mueldener
- Hospital Dentistry Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Michelle R McQuistan
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Fang Qian
- Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jennifer E Hartshorn
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Matthew M Oishi
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Halcomb MJ, Inglehart MR, Karl E. Pediatric Dentists' Educational Experiences, Attitudes, and Professional Behavior Concerning Resin Infiltration: Implications for Dental Education. J Dent Educ 2020; 84:290-300. [PMID: 32176340 DOI: 10.21815/jde.019.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Minimally invasive dentistry (MID) is receiving increased attention. Resin infiltration (RI) is one micro-invasive technique for treating initial caries by sealing white spot lesions on tooth surfaces. The aims of this study were to assess pediatric dentists' RI-related educational experiences, attitudes, and professional behavior and to determine if their educational experiences were significantly related to their professional attitudes and behavior regarding RI. This cross-sectional study used an online survey to collect data from members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) in March-April 2017. Of the 2,367 AAPD members invited to participate, 43 emails could not be delivered, and 273 surveys were completed, for a response rate of 11.8%. While only 9% of the 273 respondents reported that their classroom-based dental education had informed them about RI and only 1% that it had prepared them well to use RI with pediatric patients, higher percentages said they had been informed/prepared well by their classroom-based (24%) and clinical residency education (12%). The majority wanted to learn more about RI (71%) and would like to take a related CE course (59%). The respondents' average RI-related attitudes were positive (on five-point scale with 1=worst attitude: Mean=3.84). Regarding use of RI, 28% of respondents said they used RI sometimes and 4% often/very often, with 64% considering implementing RI in their clinics. Graduation year did not correlate with RI attitudes and use. However, the more education about RI the respondents had received during their residency (r=0.20; p<0.01) and in professional development after graduation (r=0.34; p<0.001), the more they used RI in their own work. This study found that the pediatric dentists' RI-related education was positively correlated with their professional behavior. Increasing predoctoral, resident, and continuing professional education about RI should therefore be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marita R Inglehart
- Diversity and Transformation University Professor, University of Michigan
- Professor, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Psychology, College of Literature, Science, and Arts, University of Michigan
| | - Elisabeta Karl
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan
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Abstract
AIM The purpose of this retrospective chart review study was to determine if the length of residents' comprehensive dental care rotations in a general practice residency affected late cancellations, broken appointments, completion of treatment, timeliness of recall visits, emergency visits, and the need for redo of restorations and prostheses. METHODS Patients who presented for comprehensive care from 2010 to 2013, during which residents had 3- to 4-month dental clinic rotations, comprised Group 1, and patients who presented for comprehensive care from 2013 to 2016, during which residents had 11-month dental clinic rotations, comprised Group 2. Subjects were excluded if they only presented for emergency care, they had only one visit, or their care was delivered in both time periods. There were 105 patients in Group 1 and 55 patients in Group 2. RESULTS The statistically significant results were that Group 1 patients had more late cancellations and broken appointments and failed to reach recall status more often than Group 2 patients, and that Group 1 patients had fewer emergency visits. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this retrospective study, the results suggest that short block rotations have an adverse effect on resident experience and outcomes of patient care in a hospital outpatient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Lau
- Chief of the Division of Dentistry and Director of General Practice Residency, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, and Assistant Professor in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
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Howell S, Perry MM, Patel N. Protocols for treating patients with end-stage renal disease: a survey of AEGD/GPR dental residencies. Spec Care Dentist 2016; 36:325-327. [PMID: 27492992 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE/BACKGROUND Approximately 14% of Americans are living with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD), the result of progressing CKD continues to rise by 21,000 per year.Currently the only antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines for patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing dental treatment were published by the AHA in 2003. Presented in three parts, the first part of this study found no consistent protocols amongst U.S. dental schools. The goal of the second part of the project was to determine the current protocol being used to treat ESRD patients at accredited U.S. AEGD and GPR programs. METHODS AND MATERIALS A 20 multiple choice question survey was e-mailed to 262 directors of AEGDs and GPRs within the United States regarding renal treatment protocol details and antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with renal disease. RESULTS 34% of respondents reported having an established renal treatment protocol. For programs with a protocol, 65.5% of programs reported following AHA guidelines. CONCLUSION There is a lack of consistent, established protocols amongst U.S. AEGD and GPR programs. It is suggested that updated and evidence based guidelines for the safe treatment of patients be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Howell
- Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona, USA.
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Lau A, Dodson TB, Sonis ST, Kaban LB. An Outcomes Study of 40 Years of Graduates of a General Practice Dental Residency. J Dent Educ 2015; 79:888-896. [PMID: 26246526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Assessing program quality and outcomes is essential to improve postgraduate dental education. This study's aims were to document career direction and practice patterns of graduates of the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) General Practice Residency (GPR), to compare BWH GPR outcomes to those of other American GPRs, and to identify characteristics of the BWH GPR program that trainees valued. This was a retrospective cohort study with a sample comprised of BWH GPR graduates between 1973 and 2013. Outcomes examined included pursuit of specialty training and positions on academic or hospital staff. Data sources were a survey of BWH GPR graduates and published national surveys. Of the 190 BWH graduates (95% of total) who were located and contacted, 133 (70% response rate) completed the survey. Compared to national survey data, BWH GPR graduates were significantly more likely to be specialists, full-time hospital staff, or full-time or part-time dental school faculty. Most BWH graduates (96.2%) ranked the program as outstanding or good. Faculty characteristics were considered by BWH graduates to be the most important factors in judging program quality. Since faculty characteristics were the most important factors in residents' judgment of program quality, GPR programs should recruit, maintain, and develop a quality faculty in order to attract students.
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MESH Headings
- Attitude of Health Personnel
- Boston
- Career Choice
- Cohort Studies
- Dental Staff, Hospital
- Education, Dental, Graduate
- Faculty, Dental
- Female
- General Practice, Dental/education
- General Practice, Dental/standards
- Humans
- Internship and Residency/standards
- Male
- Patients/classification
- Personnel Selection
- Practice Patterns, Dentists'
- Private Practice
- Process Assessment, Health Care
- Program Evaluation
- Referral and Consultation
- Retrospective Studies
- Schools, Dental/organization & administration
- Specialties, Dental/education
- Staff Development
- United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Lau
- Dr. Lau is Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Chief of the Division of Dentistry at Massachusetts General Hospital, and former Director of Brigham and Women's Hospital/Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard General Practice Residency in Dentistry; Dr. Dodson is Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Associate Dean for Hospital Affairs, University of Washington School of Dentistry; Dr. Sonis is Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Chief of the Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Dr. Kaban is Walter C. Guralnick Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Thomas B Dodson
- Dr. Lau is Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Chief of the Division of Dentistry at Massachusetts General Hospital, and former Director of Brigham and Women's Hospital/Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard General Practice Residency in Dentistry; Dr. Dodson is Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Associate Dean for Hospital Affairs, University of Washington School of Dentistry; Dr. Sonis is Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Chief of the Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Dr. Kaban is Walter C. Guralnick Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Stephen T Sonis
- Dr. Lau is Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Chief of the Division of Dentistry at Massachusetts General Hospital, and former Director of Brigham and Women's Hospital/Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard General Practice Residency in Dentistry; Dr. Dodson is Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Associate Dean for Hospital Affairs, University of Washington School of Dentistry; Dr. Sonis is Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Chief of the Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Dr. Kaban is Walter C. Guralnick Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Leonard B Kaban
- Dr. Lau is Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Chief of the Division of Dentistry at Massachusetts General Hospital, and former Director of Brigham and Women's Hospital/Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard General Practice Residency in Dentistry; Dr. Dodson is Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Associate Dean for Hospital Affairs, University of Washington School of Dentistry; Dr. Sonis is Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Chief of the Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Dr. Kaban is Walter C. Guralnick Professor and Chair, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine and Massachusetts General Hospital
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