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Fülle JB, de Almeida RA, Lawless C, Stockdale L, Yanes B, Lane EB, Garrod DR, Ballestrem C. Proximity Mapping of Desmosomes Reveals a Striking Shift in Their Molecular Neighborhood Associated With Maturation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100735. [PMID: 38342409 PMCID: PMC10943070 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes are multiprotein adhesion complexes that link intermediate filaments to the plasma membrane, ensuring the mechanical integrity of cells across tissues, but how they participate in the wider signaling network to exert their full function is unclear. To investigate this, we carried out protein proximity mapping using biotinylation (BioID). The combined interactomes of the essential desmosomal proteins desmocollin 2a, plakoglobin, and plakophilin 2a (Pkp2a) in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells were mapped and their differences and commonalities characterized as desmosome matured from Ca2+ dependence to the mature, Ca2+-independent, hyper-adhesive state, which predominates in tissues. Results suggest that individual desmosomal proteins have distinct roles in connecting to cellular signaling pathways and that these roles alter substantially when cells change their adhesion state. The data provide further support for a dualistic concept of desmosomes in which the properties of Pkp2a differ from those of the other, more stable proteins. This body of data provides an invaluable resource for the analysis of desmosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith B Fülle
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Craig Lawless
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Liam Stockdale
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bian Yanes
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E Birgitte Lane
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - David R Garrod
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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2
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Abstract
The major autoantigens for pemphigus are desmogleins (Dsgs), cell-cell adhesive structure proteins, one of the desmosomal cadherins. Recent progress in molecular biology has revealed that IgG autoantibodies of classical pemphigus react with Dsg1 or Dsg3. Desmocollins (Dscs) also belong to the cadherin supergene family that provides structure to the desmosomes and play an important role in cell-to-cell adhesion. In addition to the presence of four desmosomal Dsg isoforms, i.e. Dsg1-4, Dsc1, 2 and 3, all of which are derived from different genes, Dsc1 has been previously identified as the target antigen of IgA autoantibodies in the subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD)-type of intercellular IgA dermatosis. In addition to the IgA anti-Dsc1 autoantiboides, the presence of IgG anti-Dsc autoantibodies is described in patients of some autoimmune bullous diseases. In particular, the current pemphigus detecting autoantibodies to Dscs has shown a tendency in atypical variants of pemphigus. Therefore, autoantibodies against Dscs alone may cause detachment of cell-cell adhesion in the epidermis in some pemphigus. However, except for the findings of a few in vitro and in vivo studies, there is currently no clear evidence for the pathogenicity of anti-Dsc autoantibodies in pemphigus, whereas significance of anti-Dsg autoantibodies is well established. This article describes the structure and function of the Dscs, and explores the evidence regarding the pathogenic role of anti-Dsc autoantibodies in pemphigus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norito Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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3
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Koga H, Tsutsumi M, Teye K, Ishii N, Yamaguchi M, Nagafuji K, Nakama T. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis-type IgA pemphigus associated with multiple myeloma: A case report and literature review. J Dermatol 2023; 50:234-238. [PMID: 35838241 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) pemphigus, also known as intercellular IgA dermatosis, is a rare autoimmune bullous disease presenting with IgA anti-keratinocyte cell surface autoantibodies. Concomitant lymphoproliferative disorders have been reported in IgA pemphigus, including IgA monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and IgA type multiple myeloma (MM). A 35-year-old Japanese woman with a 3-year history of pruritic papulovesicles on her lower legs and trunk was referred to our department. Histopathological examination revealed acantholytic blisters, and results of both direct and indirect immunofluorescence were negative. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence were still negative 3 years and 7 months later. Approximately 7 years after her first visit, the patient was re-referred to us because of disease exacerbation. Histopathological findings revealed subcorneal blistering with acantholysis, in which neutrophil-dominant inflammatory cells were present. Indirect immunofluorescence was positive for IgA on the epidermal cell surface and both desmoglein (Dsg) 1/3 and (Dsc) desmocollin 1-3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for IgA were positive. The histological findings and positive Dsc1 IgA ELISA led to the diagnosis of subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD)-type IgA pemphigus. Further examination revealed hyper-IgA globulinemia, increased serum IgA-κ protein, and increased plasma cells in the bone marrow, enabling the diagnosis of IgA type MM. Daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (DLd) therapy was effective for both the MM and the skin lesions, resulting in negative results on Dsg1/3 and Dsc1-3 IgA ELISAs. The association between IgA pemphigus and IgA type multiple myeloma remains unclear, and only seven cases including the present case have been reported. Literature review revealed associations between SPD-type and IgA κ chain in IgA pemphigus and MM, and that in most cases the onset or diagnosis of MM was simultaneous or occurred after the diagnosis of IgA pemphigus. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the development of multiple myeloma during the clinical course of patients with SPD-type IgA pemphigus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Koga
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kwesi Teye
- Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norito Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maki Yamaguchi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Nagafuji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takekuni Nakama
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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4
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Calaf GM, Crispin LA, Muñoz JP, Aguayo F, Narayan G, Roy D. Cell Adhesion Molecules Affected by Ionizing Radiation and Estrogen in an Experimental Breast Cancer Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012674. [PMID: 36293530 PMCID: PMC9604318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer develops in a multi-step process where environmental carcinogenic exposure is a primary etiological component, and where cell–cell communication governs the biological activities of tissues. Identifying the molecular genes that regulate this process is essential to targeting metastatic breast cancer. Ionizing radiation can modify and damage DNA, RNA, and cell membrane components such as lipids and proteins by direct ionization. Comparing differential gene expression can help to determine the effect of radiation and estrogens on cell adhesion. An in vitro experimental breast cancer model was developed by exposure of the immortalized human breast epithelial cell line MCF-10F to low doses of high linear energy transfer α particle radiation and subsequent growth in the presence of 17β-estradiol. The MCF-10F cell line was analyzed in different stages of transformation that showed gradual phenotypic changes including altered morphology, increase in cell proliferation relative to the control, anchorage-independent growth, and invasive capability before becoming tumorigenic in nude mice. This model was used to determine genes associated with cell adhesion and communication such as E-cadherin, the desmocollin 3, the gap junction protein alpha 1, the Integrin alpha 6, the Integrin beta 6, the Keratin 14, Keratin 16, Keratin 17, Keratin 6B, and the laminin beta 3. Results indicated that most genes had greater expression in the tumorigenic cell line Tumor2 derived from the athymic animal than the Alpha3, a non-tumorigenic cell line exposed only to radiation, indicating that altered expression levels of adhesion molecules depended on estrogen. There is a significant need for experimental model systems that facilitate the study of cell plasticity to assess the importance of estrogens in modulating the biology of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M. Calaf
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Leodan A. Crispin
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Juan P. Muñoz
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- Laboratorio de Oncovirología, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Debasish Roy
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hostos College of the City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10451, USA
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5
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Prieto TG, Baldavira CM, Machado-Rugolo J, Farhat C, Olivieri EHR, de Sá VK, da Silva ECA, Balancin ML, Ab Saber AM, Takagaki TY, Cordeiro de Lima VC, Capelozzi VL. Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Overexpressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Mechanical Barriers Genes Lack Immune-Suppressive Response and Present an Increased Risk of Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:645623. [PMID: 34527572 PMCID: PMC8435885 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.645623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical carcinoids (TC), atypical carcinoids (AC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), and small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) encompass a bimodal spectrum of metastatic tumors with morphological, histological and histogenesis differences, The hierarchical structure reveals high cohesiveness between neoplastic cells by mechanical desmosomes barrier assembly in carcinoid tumors and LCNEC, while SCLC does not present an organoid arrangement in morphology, the neoplastic cells are less cohesive. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to PNENs metastasis remain largely unknown and require further study. In this work, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factors were evaluated using a set of twenty-four patients with surgically resected PNENs, including carcinomas. Twelve EMT transcription factors (BMP1, BMP7, CALD1, CDH1, COL3A1, COL5A2, EGFR, ERBB3, PLEK2, SNAI2, STEAP1, and TCF4) proved to be highly expressed among carcinomas and downregulated in carcinoid tumors, whereas upregulation of BMP1, CDH2, KRT14 and downregulation of CAV2, DSC2, IL1RN occurred in both histological subtypes. These EMT transcription factors identified were involved in proliferative signals, epithelium desmosomes assembly, and cell motility sequential steps that support PNENs invasion and metastasis in localized surgically resected primary tumor. We used a two-stage design where we first examined the candidate EMT transcription factors using a whole-genome screen, and subsequently, confirmed EMT-like changes by transmission electron microscopy and then, the EMT-related genes that were differentially expressed among PNENs subtypes were predicted through a Metascape analysis by in silico approach. A high expression of these EMT transcription factors was significantly associated with lymph node and distant metastasis. The sequential steps for invasion and metastasis were completed by an inverse association between functional barrier created by PD-L1 immunosuppressive molecule and EMT transcriptional factors. Our study implicates upregulation of EMT transcription factors to high proliferation rates, mechanical molecular barriers disassembly and increased cancer cell motility, as a critical molecular event leading to metastasis risk in PNENs thus emerging as a promising tool to select and customize therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliana Machado-Rugolo
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Health Technology Assessment Center (NATS), Clinical Hospital (HCFMB), Medical School of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Cecília Farhat
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Karen de Sá
- International Center of Research/CIPE, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Luiz Balancin
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Teresa Yae Takagaki
- Division of Pneumology, Instituto do Coração (Incor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vladmir Cláudio Cordeiro de Lima
- Oncology, Rede D'Or São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Luiza Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Bosch-Amate X, Iranzo P, Ivars M, Mascaró Galy JM, España A. Anti- Desmocollin Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Blistering Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:740820. [PMID: 34567003 PMCID: PMC8462461 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.740820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of anti-desmocollin (Dsc) antibodies is rarely described in autoimmune blistering diseases patients. Moreover, several clinical phenotypes of pemphigus may be associated with these antibodies. In this review we analyze clinicopathological, immunologic and outcome features of anti-Dsc autoimmune blistering diseases patients, to improve their diagnosis and management. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Embase (1990-present) for studies reporting cases of autoimmune blistering diseases with anti-Dsc antibodies. We classified the selected patients as patients with exclusively anti-Dsc autoantibodies, and patients with anti-Dsc and other autoantibodies. Of 93 cases with anti-Dsc autoantibodies included, 38 (41%) had exclusively these antibodies. Only 18% of patients presented with the typical clinicopathological phenotype of pemphigus vulgaris or pemphigus foliaceous. Mucosal involvement was seen in approximately half of the patients. Up to 18% of cases were associated with neoplasms. Acantholysis was described in 54% of cases with histopathological information. Treatments and outcomes vary in the different clinical phenotypes. The presence of anti-Dsc antibodies must be suspected mainly in those patients with either atypical pemphigus, in special with clinical pustules, or in cases showing intraepithelial or dermal neutrophilic/eosinophilic infiltrate on histological examination and dual pattern by direct immunofluorescence examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Bosch-Amate
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Iranzo
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ivars
- Dermatology Department, University Clinic of Navarra, University of Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Mascaró Galy
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín España
- Dermatology Department, University Clinic of Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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7
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Curtiss JB, Lewis M, Mitchell EP. Pemphigus foliaceus in Arabian oryx ( Oryx leucoryx). Vet Pathol 2021; 58:1142-1146. [PMID: 34318735 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211030532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune acantholytic skin disease described in humans, dogs, cats, horses, goats, and sheep. From 2003 to 2016, six Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) at the National Zoological Garden in Pretoria, South Africa, developed progressive, bilaterally symmetrical, hyperkeratotic skin lesions and pustules consistent with PF. Lesions were similar to those observed in domestic animals and primarily affected the pinnae, face and nasal planum, distal legs, and tail tip. Histological evaluation of suspect PF skin lesions in affected animals, evaluation of medical records for treatments received, causative agents in the diet and environment, and special stains for infectious organisms yielded no consistent inciting cause. The Arabian oryx is a species highly adapted to arid environments of the desert and has recently survived from a severe genetic bottleneck; both of these factors may have contributed to the development of PF in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey B Curtiss
- Zoological Pathology Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michelle Lewis
- National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.,Paraclinical Sciences and Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Emily P Mitchell
- National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.,Paraclinical Sciences and Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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8
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Hudemann C, Maglie R, Llamazares M, Beckert B, Didona D, Tikkanen R, Schmitt T, Hashimoto T, Waschke J, Hertl M, Eming R. Human desmocollin 3-specific IgG antibodies are pathogenic in a humanized HLA-class II transgenic mouse model of pemphigus. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:915-923.e3. [PMID: 34265330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pemphigus is a potentially lethal autoimmune bullous skin disorder, which is associated with IgG autoantibodies against desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) and Dsg1. Notably, a subset of pemphigus patients presents with a similar clinical phenotype in the absence of anti-Dsg IgG, suggesting the presence of serum IgG reactive with desmosomal components other than Dsg1 or Dsg3. We and others have previously shown that such patients have serum IgG autoantibodies against desmocollin 3 (Dsc3), a component of desmosomes, that induce loss of keratinocyte adhesion ex vivo. Moreover, Dsc3 hypomorphic mice show a severe blistering phenotype of the mucous membrane which is highly characteristic in pemphigus. These findings prompted us to study induction and regulation of anti-human Dsc3 IgG in humanized mice transgenic for HLA-DRB1*04:02, which is a highly prevalent haplotype in pemphigus. We show that IgG from sera of immunized mice induce acantholysis in a dispase-based keratinocyte dissociation assay via the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases and epidermal growth factor receptor. Passive IgG transfer from mice immunized with recombinant human Dsc3 into neonates did not induce intraepidermal loss of adhesion presumably due to the lack of homology between human and mouse Dsc3. Ex vivo stimulation of splenocytes from Dsc3-immunized mice with human Dsc3 leads to a significant proliferative interferon-γ and interleukin 4 T cell response, which is restricted by HLA-DR/DQ. These findings suggest that induction of pathogenic anti-Dsc3 IgG is associated with Dsc3-specific T cells that recognize Dsc3 in association with HLA-DRB1*04:02.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hudemann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - R Maglie
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - M Llamazares
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Cancer Epigenomics Division, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B Beckert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - D Didona
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - R Tikkanen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - T Schmitt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - T Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Waschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - M Hertl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - R Eming
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Klinik III Dermatologie, Venerologie & Allergologie, Bundeswehrzentralkrankenhaus Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
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9
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Moreau A, Reisqs J, Delanoe‐Ayari H, Pierre M, Janin A, Deliniere A, Bessière F, Meli AC, Charrabi A, Lafont E, Valla C, Bauer D, Morel E, Gache V, Millat G, Nissan X, Faucherre A, Jopling C, Richard S, Mejat A, Chevalier P. Deciphering DSC2 arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy electrical instability: From ion channels to ECG and tailored drug therapy. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e319. [PMID: 33784018 PMCID: PMC7908047 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe ventricular rhythm disturbances are the hallmark of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM), and are often explained by structural conduction abnormalities. However, comprehensive investigations of ACM cell electrical instability are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate early electrical myogenic signature of ACM. METHODS We investigated a 41-year-old ACM patient with a missense mutation (c.394C>T) in the DSC2 gene, which encodes desmocollin 2. Pathogenicity of this variant was confirmed using a zebrafish DSC2 model system. Control and DSC2 patient-derived pluripotent stem cells were reprogrammed and differentiated into cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) to examine the specific electromechanical phenotype and its modulation by antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs). Samples of the patient's heart and hiPSC-CM were examined to identify molecular and cellular alterations. RESULTS A shortened action potential duration was associated with reduced Ca2+ current density and increased K+ current density. This finding led to the elucidation of previously unknown abnormal repolarization dynamics in ACM patients. Moreover, the Ca2+ mobilised during transients was decreased, and the Ca2+ sparks frequency was increased. AAD testing revealed the following: (1) flecainide normalised Ca2+ transients and significantly decreased Ca2+ spark occurrence and (2) sotalol significantly lengthened the action potential and normalised the cells' contractile properties. CONCLUSIONS Thorough analysis of hiPSC-CM derived from the DSC2 patient revealed abnormal repolarization dynamics, prompting the discovery of a short QT interval in some ACM patients. Overall, these results confirm a myogenic origin of ACM electrical instability and provide a rationale for prescribing class 1 and 3 AADs in ACM patients with increased ventricular repolarization reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Moreau
- PhyMedExpINSERM U1046CNRS UMR9214Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Jean‐Baptiste Reisqs
- PhyMedExpINSERM U1046CNRS UMR9214Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | | | - Marion Pierre
- PhyMedExpINSERM U1046CNRS UMR9214Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Alexandre Janin
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
- Service de RythmologieHospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance
- Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique moléculaireCentre de biologie et pathologie EstBronFrance
| | | | | | - Albano C. Meli
- PhyMedExpINSERM U1046CNRS UMR9214Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Azzouz Charrabi
- PhyMedExpINSERM U1046CNRS UMR9214Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Estele Lafont
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Camille Valla
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Delphine Bauer
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Elodie Morel
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Vincent Gache
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Gilles Millat
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
- Service de RythmologieHospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance
- Laboratoire de Cardiogénétique moléculaireCentre de biologie et pathologie EstBronFrance
| | | | | | - Chris Jopling
- IGF, CNRS, INSERMUniversité de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Sylvain Richard
- PhyMedExpINSERM U1046CNRS UMR9214Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Alexandre Mejat
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
| | - Philippe Chevalier
- Neuromyogene InstitutClaude Bernard University, Lyon 1VilleurbanneFrance
- Service de RythmologieHospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance
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10
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Sinha AA, Sajda T. The Evolving Story of Autoantibodies in Pemphigus Vulgaris: Development of the "Super Compensation Hypothesis". Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:218. [PMID: 30155465 PMCID: PMC6102394 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging data and innovative technologies are re-shaping our understanding of the scope and specificity of the autoimmune response in Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), a prototypical humorally mediated autoimmune skin blistering disorder. Seminal studies identified the desmosomal proteins Desmoglein 3 and 1 (Dsg3 and Dsg1), cadherin family proteins which function to maintain cell adhesion, as the primary targets of pathogenic autoAbs. Consequently, pathogenesis in PV has primarily considered to be the result of anti-Dsg autoAbs alone. However, accumulating data suggesting that anti-Dsg autoAbs by themselves cannot adequately explain the loss of cell-cell adhesion seen in PV, nor account for the disease heterogeneity exhibited across PV patients has spurred the notion that additional autoAb specificities may contribute to disease. To investigate the role of non-Dsg autoAbs in PV, an increasing number of studies have attempted to characterize additional targets of PV autoAbs. The recent advent of protein microarray technology, which allows for the rapid, highly sensitive, and multiplexed assessment of autoAb specificity has facilitated the comprehensive classification of the scope and specificity of the autoAb response in PV. Such detailed deconstruction of the autoimmune response in PV, beyond simply tracking anti-Dsg autoAbs, has provided invaluable new insights concerning disease mechanisms and enhanced disease classification which could directly translate into superior tools for prognostics and clinical management, as well as the development of novel, disease specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh A Sinha
- Department of Dermatology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Sajda
- Department of Dermatology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Hashimoto T, Teye K, Hashimoto K, Wozniak K, Ueo D, Fujiwara S, Inafuku K, Kotobuki Y, Jukic IL, Marinović B, Bruckner A, Tsuruta D, Kawakami T, Ishii N. Clinical and Immunological Study of 30 Cases With Both IgG and IgA Anti-Keratinocyte Cell Surface Autoantibodies Toward the Definition of Intercellular IgG/IgA Dermatosis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:994. [PMID: 29867971 PMCID: PMC5950707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several sporadic cases, in which direct and indirect immunofluorescence studies simultaneously detected IgG and IgA autoantibodies to keratinocyte cell surfaces, have been reported mainly under the name of IgG/IgA pemphigus. However, there have been no systematic studies for this condition. In this study, we collected 30 cases of this condition from our cohort of more than 5,000 autoimmune bullous disease cases, which were consulted for our diagnostic methods from other institutes, and summarized their clinical and immunological findings. Clinically, there was no male-female prevalence, mean age of disease onset was 55.6 years, and mean duration before this condition was suspected was 18 months. The patients showed clinically bullous and pustular skin lesions preferentially on the trunk and extremities, and histopathologically intraepidermal pustules and blisters with infiltration of neutrophils and eosinophils. Immunologically, ELISAs frequently detected IgG and IgA autoantibodies to both desmogleins and desmocollins. From the characteristic clinical, histopathological, and immunological features, which are considerably different from those in classical IgG types of pemphigus, we propose this disease as a new disease entity with preferential name of intercellular IgG/IgA dermatosis (IGAD). This was the largest study of IGAD to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kwesi Teye
- Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Japan
| | - Koji Hashimoto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katarzyna Wozniak
- Department of Dermatology and Immunodermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Sakuhei Fujiwara
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Inafuku
- Department of Dermatology, Kimitsu Chuo Hospital, Kimitsu, Japan
| | - Yorihisa Kotobuki
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Ines Lakos Jukic
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Branka Marinović
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anna Bruckner
- Pediatric Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tamihiro Kawakami
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marriana Medical University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Norito Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Arai R, Okuda H, Tsuruta D, Koga H, Teye K, Ishii N, Ohata C, Hashimoto T. IgA pemphigus with non-pustular erythematous lesions and IgA antibodies to desmocollins 1 and 2. Eur J Dermatol 2013; 23:362-5. [PMID: 23797684 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2013.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
IgA pemphigus is a rare variant of pemphigus. IgA pemphigus is subdivided into intraepidermal neutrophilic IgA dermatosis-type (IEN-type), whose target antigen is still an enigma, and subcorneal pustular dermatosis-type, whose target antigen is desmocollin 1 (Dsc1). We report a 56-year-old Japanese male with IgA pemphigus showing atypical erythema. One month after erythema developed, the patient visited his private physician, and was tentatively diagnosed as having erythema multiforme. The patient had been intermittently treated with a low dose of oral prednisolone for a year without benefit before visiting our hospital. Clinical examination revealed irregularly-shaped and partially edematous erythema over the trunk and extremities without mucosal involvement. Neither bullae nor pustules were seen during the course. Direct immunofluorescence showed IgA deposition on cell surfaces of keratinocytes in the upper two thirds of the epidermis. Indirect immunofluorescence of monkey esophagus sections revealed IgA and IgG anti-cell surface antibodies. Our new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using eukaryotic recombinant proteins of human Dsc 1-3 detected IgA antibodies to Dsc1 and Dsc2. Although no apparent bullae were observed, the diagnosis of IgA pemphigus was made. Prednisolone 30 mg daily was required to control erythematous lesions. Although the pathomechanism for the unique skin lesion is unknown, the possibility that IgA pemphigus has a prodromal phase and that early administration of low dose prednisolone suppressed the development of pustules or bullae were considered.
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