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Yang Y, Cao L, Yan M, Zhou J, Yang S, Xu T, Huang S, Li K, Zhou Q, Li G, Zhu Y, Cong F, Zhang H, Guo D, Li Y, Zhang X. Synthesis of deuterated S-217622 (Ensitrelvir) with antiviral activity against coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. Antiviral Res 2023; 213:105586. [PMID: 36997073 PMCID: PMC10043954 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
S-217622 (Ensitrelvir) is a reversible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) inhibitor which obtained emergency regulatory approval in Japan for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection on Nov 22, 2022. Herein, analogs of S-271622 with deuterium-for-hydrogen replacement were synthesized for comparison of the antiviral activities and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Compared to the parent compound, C11-d2-S-217622 compound YY-278 retained in vitro activity against 3CLpro and SARS-CoV-2. X-ray crystal structural studies showed similar interactions of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro with YY-278 and S-271622. The PK profiling revealed the relatively favorable bioavailability and plasma exposure of YY-278. In addition, YY-278, as well as S-217622, displayed broadly anti-coronaviral activities against 6 other coronaviruses that infect humans and animals. These results laid the foundation for further research on the therapeutic potential of YY-278 against COVID-19 and other coronaviral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Liu Cao
- Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies (CIIS), School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Sidi Yang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Bio-island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510320, China
| | - Tiefeng Xu
- Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies (CIIS), School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Siyao Huang
- Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies (CIIS), School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Kun Li
- Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies (CIIS), School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Qifan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Guanguan Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yujun Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510663, China
| | - Feng Cong
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510663, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
| | - Deyin Guo
- Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies (CIIS), School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China; Guangzhou Laboratory, Bio-island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510320, China.
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
| | - Xumu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, and Medi-X Pingshan, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
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Belete TM. Recent Updates on the Development of Deuterium-Containing Drugs for the Treatment of Cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3465-3472. [PMID: 36217450 PMCID: PMC9547620 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s379496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world. In 2020, 19.3 million cancer cases and 10 million deaths were reported in the world. It is supposed that the prevalence of cancer cases will rise to 28.4 million by 2040. Chemotherapy-based regimens have a narrow therapeutic index, severe adverse drug reactions, and lack metabolic stability. Besides, the metabolism of anticancer produces several non-active and toxic metabolites that reduce exposure of the target site to the parent drug. Therefore, developing better-tolerated and effective new anticancer drugs and modification of the existing anticancer drugs to minimize toxicity and increase efficacy has become a very urgent need. Deuterium incorporation reduces the metabolism of certain drugs that are breakdown by pathways involving hydrogen-carbon bond scission. For example, CYP450 mediated oxidative metabolism of drugs that involves the breakdown of a hydrogen-carbon bond affected by deuteration. Deuterium incorporation into the drug increases the half-life and reduces the dose, which provides better safety and efficacy. Deutetrabenazine is the first deuterated form of tetrabenazine approved to treat chorea associated with Huntington’s disease and tardive dyskinesia. The study revealed that Deutetrabenazine has fewer neuropsychiatric side effects with favorable safety than tetrabenazine. The current review highlights the deuterium kinetic isotope effect on drug metabolism, deuterated compound pharmacokinetic property, and safety profile. Besides, this review explains the deuterated anticancer drug development update status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafere Mulaw Belete
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Tafere Mulaw Belete, Tel +251 918045943, Email
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