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Teino I, Matvere A, Pook M, Varik I, Pajusaar L, Uudeküll K, Vaher H, Trei A, Kristjuhan A, Org T, Maimets T. Impact of AHR Ligand TCDD on Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Early Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9052. [PMID: 33260776 PMCID: PMC7731104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which mediates the effects of a variety of environmental stimuli in multiple tissues. Recent advances in AHR biology have underlined its importance in cells with high developmental potency, including pluripotent stem cells. Nonetheless, there is little data on AHR expression and its role during the initial stages of stem cell differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal pattern of AHR expression during directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) into neural progenitor, early mesoderm and definitive endoderm cells. Additionally, we investigated the effect of the AHR agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the gene expression profile in hESCs and differentiated cells by RNA-seq, accompanied by identification of AHR binding sites by ChIP-seq and epigenetic landscape analysis by ATAC-seq. We showed that AHR is differentially regulated in distinct lineages. We provided evidence that TCDD alters gene expression patterns in hESCs and during early differentiation. Additionally, we identified novel potential AHR target genes, which expand our understanding on the role of this protein in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrek Teino
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Antti Matvere
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Martin Pook
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Inge Varik
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Laura Pajusaar
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Keyt Uudeküll
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Helen Vaher
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Annika Trei
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Arnold Kristjuhan
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Tõnis Org
- Chair of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia;
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toivo Maimets
- Chair of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia; (A.M.); (M.P.); (I.V.); (L.P.); (K.U.); (H.V.); (A.T.); (A.K.); (T.M.)
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