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Sobstyl E, Szopa A, Olszowy-Tomczyk M, Gnat S, Jafernik K, Choma IM. Chromatographic and Biological Screening of Chosen Species of Schisandraceae Family: Schisandra chinensis, S. rubriflora, S. sphenanthera, S. henryi and Kadsura japonica. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300741. [PMID: 37694741 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
HPLC and TLC profiling was carried out for leaf and fruit extracts of five Schisandraceae species: Schisandra chinensis, S. rubriflora, S. spehenanthera, S. henryi and Kadsura japonica. HPLC measurements confirmed presence of lignans and phenolic compounds in fruits and leaves of all tested species. The most abundant in lignans was S. chinensis fruit extract in which 15 compounds were detected (e. g.: schisandrol A, schisanhenol, γ-schisandrin, gomisin N). The effect-directed detection, i. e., TLC-direct bioautography against Bacillus subtilis, showed exceptionally high activity for S. chinensis and S. rubriflora fruit extracts. On the other hand, TLC-DB enzyme tests (α-glucosidase, lipase, tyrosinase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assays) showed that all fruit and leaf extracts have ability to inhibit the above-mentioned enzymes (except for the K. japonica fruit). The leaf extracts showed much stronger antioxidant activity than the fruit ones, which were assessed and compared using both TLC-direct bioautography and spectrophotometric measurements based on ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Sobstyl
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, University of M. Curie-Skłodowska, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Olszowy-Tomczyk
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, University of M. Curie-Skłodowska, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Gnat
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka Str. 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Jafernik
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna Str. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Maria Choma
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, University of M. Curie-Skłodowska, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland
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Kowalska T, Sajewicz M. Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) in the Screening of Botanicals-Its Versatile Potential and Selected Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196607. [PMID: 36235143 PMCID: PMC9572063 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of the main aims and scopes in screening of botanicals, a task of which thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is, on an everyday basis, confronted with and engaged in. Stunning omnipresence of this modest analytical technique (both in its standard format (TLC) and the high-performance one (HPTLC), either hyphenated or not) for many analysts might at a first glance appear chaotic and random, with an auxiliary rather than leading role in research, and not capable of issuing meaningful final statements. Based on these reflections, our purpose is not to present a general review paper on TLC in screening of botanicals, but a blueprint rather (illustrated with a selection of practical examples), which highlights a sovereign and important role of TLC in accomplishing the following analytical tasks: (i) solving puzzles related to chemotaxonomy of plants, (ii) screening a wide spectrum of biological properties of plants, (iii) providing quality control of herbal medicines and alimentary and cosmetic products of biological origin, and (iv) tracing psychoactive plants under forensic surveillance.
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